超轻型无人机光电侦察平台升降机构设计

为了解决搭载光电平台的无人机在飞行时受的阻力影响以及如何提高无人机的续航能力,增加无人机的飞行时间,针对此问题,设计了一种结构简单的无人机载光电侦察平台升降机构。光电平台工作时,通过升降机构伸出机外;光电平台停止工作时,收入机内,从而解决阻力的影响,另一方面,通过采用减轻升降机构重量,从而提高续航能力。升降机构采用碳纤维铝蜂窝夹层复合材料作为支撑板的主体材料,同以前应用的铝合金材料相比较,重量减轻4.5kg。经过多架次外场飞行试验,取得了良好效果,无人机续航能力有所加强。     

Near-optimal gait generations of a two-legged robot on rough terrains using soft computing

A two-legged robot will have to generate its near-optimal gaits after ensuring maximum dynamic balance margin and minimum power consumption, while moving on the rough terrains containing some staircases and sloping surfaces. Moreover, the changes of joint torques should lie below a pre-specified small value to ensure its smooth walking. The balance of the robot and its power consumption are also dependent on hip trajectory and position of the masses on various limbs. Both neural network- and fuzzy logic-based gait planners have been developed for the same, the training of which are provided using a genetic algorithm off-line. Once optimized, the planners are found to generate optimal gaits of the two-legged robot successfully for the test cases.     

一种改进的猴群算法

猴群算法是一种新的群体智能优化算法,该算法可以有效地求解线性、非线性、非凸和复杂高维函数的优化问题,目前已得到了许多学者的研究和关注.为了进一步提高猴群算法的求解精度,给出了一种改进的猴群算法.首先,采用均匀分布的Kent混沌映射产生猴群算法的初始可行解.然后,在该算法的爬过程中采用递减的因子作为爬步长.最后,在仿真实验中,与已有方法进行比较,结果显示了所给改进猴群算法的求解精度明显得到改善,即所提算法是可行的.     

话题跟踪中静态和动态话题模型的核捕捉衰减

话题跟踪是一项针对新闻话题进行相关信息识别、挖掘和自组织的研究课题,其关键问题之一是如何建立符合话题形态的统计模型.话题形态的研究涉及两个问题,其一是话题的结构特性,其二是话题变形.对比分析了现有词包式、层次树式和链式这3类主流话题模型的形态特征,尤其深入探讨了静态和动态话题模型拟合话题脉络的优势和劣势,并提出一种基于特征重叠比的核捕捉衰减评价策略,专门用于衡量静态和动态话题模型追踪话题发展趋势的能力.在此基础上,分别给出突发式增量式学习方法和时序事件链的更新算法,借以提高动态话题模型的核捕捉性能.实验基于国际标准评测语料TDT4,采用NIST(National Institute of Standards and Technology)提出的最小检测错误权衡系数评测法,并结合所提出的核捕捉衰减评价方法,对各类主要话题模型进行测试.实验结果显示,结构化的动态话题模型具有最佳的跟踪性能,且突发式增量式学习和时序事件链的更新算法分别给予动态话题模型0.4％和3.3％的性能改进.     

非线性LMS算法实现盲源分离

在经典的最小均方(LMS)算法中引入非线性函数,得到一种非线性LMS算法.该算法根据LMS算法建立了相应的对照函数,用自然梯度推导出了自适应盲源分离算法,并且分别给出了实数算法和复数算法的详细推导过程.结果发现得到的算法即为最大化熵和最小化互信息(ACY)算法,从而揭示了ACY算法与LMS算法的关系,同时也得到ACY算法的复数形式.计算机仿真试验验证了算法的有效性.     

油田产量预测系统的研制

如何有效地预测油田的未来产量一直是油藏工程研究中的一项重要内容,准确地预报油田开发过程中的动态产量,是合理调整油田规划和制定方案,实现优化开发和管理的重要依据。本文研究了几种新的预测方法(基于人工神经网络的稠油预测模型、灰色预测模型、CAR预测模型等),并首先将其应用于油田产量预测。本文开发的预测系统集成了20多种常规的和新型的预测方法,对油田产量的预测及管理都能够给出有价值的数据。在充分并准确采集油田各单位产量信息及建立切合实际的数据模型的基础上,将油田产量信息采集与处理、预测与管理等环节,有机地结合成为一个整体。实际预测结果表明,该方法可以取得较好的预测效果。     

电渣炉智能控制系统的开发与应用

递减功率熔炼控制被认为是保证电渣炉钢锭质量的有效的控制方法。根据电渣工艺优化的要求，开发了基于递减功率熔炼控制为核心的电渣炉智能控制系统。该系统具备连续有载调压和电极插入位置精确控制的功能。系统在近20台工业电渣炉上得到应用，实际运行结果表明系统可靠性高、运行稳定、人机界面好、易于操作和维修，能达到预期的各项工艺操作控制要求，特别是在保证钢锭结晶质量、降低电耗和加快生产节奏方面效果明显。     

同层排水系统的应用浅析

对比分析了同层排水与传统排水分式存在的优点和缺点,以及目前常见的同层排水施工中存在的应注意问题,介绍了宁波地区两个应用同层排水系统的实例及其效果。     

Pain Modulation from the Locus Coeruleus in a Model of Hydrocephalus: Searching for Oxidative Stress-Induced Noradrenergic Neuroprotection

Pain transmission at the spinal cord is modulated by noradrenaline (NA)-mediated actions that arise from supraspinal areas. We studied the locus coeruleus (LC) to evaluate the expression of the cathecolamine-synthetizing enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and search for local oxidative stress and possible consequences in descending pain modulation in a model of hydrocephalus, a disease characterized by enlargement of the cerebral ventricular system usually due to the obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid flow. Four weeks after kaolin injection into the cisterna magna, immunodetection of the catecholamine-synthetizing enzymes TH and dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH) was performed in the LC and spinal cord. Colocalization of the oxidative stress marker 8-OHdG (8-hydroxyguanosine; 8-OHdG), with TH in the LC was performed. Formalin was injected in the hindpaw both for behavioral nociceptive evaluation and the immunodetection of Fos expression in the spinal cord. Hydrocephalic rats presented with a higher expression of TH at the LC, of TH and DBH at the spinal dorsal horn along with decreased nociceptive behavioral responses in the second (inflammatory) phase of the formalin test, and formalin-evoked Fos expression at the spinal dorsal horn. The expression of 8-OHdG was increased in the LC neurons, with higher co-localization in TH-immunoreactive neurons. Collectively, the results indicate increased noradrenergic expression at the LC during hydrocephalus. The strong oxidative stress damage at the LC neurons may lead to local neuroprotective-mediated increases in NA levels. The increased expression of catecholamine-synthetizing enzymes along with the decreased nociception-induced neuronal activation of dorsal horn neurons and behavioral pain signs may indicate that hydrocephalus is associated with alterations in descending pain modulation.     

Review of Fan Integrity Testing and Hold Time Standards

The paper examines the basis of the NFPA, British and ISO/CEN fan integrity testing and hold time standards. It is found that the most appropriate leakage area definition for integrity testing is Equivalent Leakage Area in CAN/CGSB-149.10-M86. Differences between the standards are discussed, an error in the NFPA standards is described, and other changes to the standards are recommended. Areas for further research are proposed to enable the errors in calculated hold times to be estimated with confidence and, if necessary, reduced.