Beyond interpretation: Reply to Cummins' response

In his response to my Why There Are No Mental Representations, Robert Cummins accused me of having misinterpreted his views, and attempted to undermine a crucial premise of my argument, which claimed that one could only define a semantic type non-semantically by stipulating which tokens should receive a uniform interpretation. I respond to the charge and defend the premise.     

洞庭碧螺春中咖啡因含量测试

用热水浸提法提取6个洞庭碧螺春茶样品中的咖啡因,采用紫外分光光度法,以咖啡因为标准品,蒸馏水为空白对照,于276 nm波长处分别测定对照品和供试品溶液的吸光度,按标准曲线计算咖啡因含量。回归方程为y=47.945x+0.0015,r=0.9999。平均回收率为99.68%,相对标准偏差RSD为0.23%。该方法简单、快速、准确。     

A Two-Stage Method for an Approximate Calculation of Statically Indeterminate Trusses

The paper presents the principles of a method, which in two simple stages makes possible to carry out the statically calculation of values of forces acting in the fiat static indeterminate trusses. In each stage, it is considered the static determinate truss, scheme of which is obtained after remove the suitable number of members from the basic static indeterminate truss. The both intermediate statically determinate trusses are of the same clear span and they are loaded by forces of half values applied to the corresponding truss nodes. The method applies one of the typical procedures of calculation of the statically determinate trusses and then it is applied in an appropriate way the rule of superposition for obtaining the final values of forces acting in particular members of the basic truss. The values of forces calculated in this way are of a very close approximation to the force values determined in the special and complex ways being considered as the exact calculation methods. The proposed method can be useful mostly but not only for the initial structural design of such systems. The simplicity of the two-stage method justifies an assumption that it can be relatively easy and worthy to adjust to the requirements of the computer aided technology of statically calculation of the complex forms of trusses.     

An approach of topology optimization of multi-rigid-body mechanism

Topology synthesis of multi-rigid-body mechanisms has always been a very important stage in the mechanism design process. In most cases, the topology of the multi-rigid-body mechanism for particular task is obtained by designers’ experience and ingenuity, rather than automatic approach. In this work, an approach of topology optimization of multi-rigid-body mechanisms is investigated. The core process of the approach is an automatic optimization design process. In this approach, we construct kinematics mapping from truss structures to the joint-linked mechanisms, which transforms the topology optimization problem of multi-body system into the truss structure optimization problem. We also develop a new strategy for topology optimization of statically determinate truss, the advantage of which lies in the ability dealing with statically determinate truss topology optimization problem compared to the existing methods. By automatically optimizing the topology of the truss structure, the topology of the multi-rigid-body mechanism is optimized automatically, accordingly. Here, we utilize the investigated approach to design suitable layout for multi-rigid-body micro-displacement amplifying mechanisms (MMAMs) with a large amplification ratio (>50). The layout consists of not only the topology information of the mechanism, but also the dimension parameters of the mechanism. The procedure of the approach is carried out in steps, and a human–computer interaction program has been developed for it. Using the developed program, different MMAMs are achieved. Meanwhile, the direct kinematics analysis of the MMAMs is achieved automatically, the existence of dead point position in the mechanism within movement range is checked and the micro-displacement amplification ratio is calculated out. The computing results are validated by the ADAMS^® motion simulation, which proves that the achieved MMAMs fully fulfill the functional requirement. Along with two of the achieved MMAMs, the approach is explained, its functionality is shown, its advantages, limitations, some open problems and future works are discussed.     

Role of activated carbon on micropollutans degradation by ionizing radiation

The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of the presence of activated carbon on the degradation of the triiodinated contrast medium diatrizoate (DTZ) by the simultaneous use of gamma radiation and activated carbon. Four commercial activated carbons (Ceca, Witco, Sorbo, and Merck) with different textural and chemical characteristics were used for this purpose. The percentage DTZ removal obtained was considerably higher with the gamma radiation/activated carbon (GM/AC) system than with radiolysis in the absence of activated carbon, and it depended on the specific activated carbon employed. First, we optimized the amount of activated carbon required to maximize the amount of DTZ removed by the GM/AC system (0.06 g). The degradation constants were higher with the GM/AC system than with radiolysis alone, evidencing a synergic effect that favors pollutant removal. This synergic effect is independent of the textural but not the chemical characteristics of the activated carbon, observing a higher synergic activity for carbons with a higher surface content of oxygen, specifically quinone groups. We also highlight that the synergic effect of the activated carbon requires adsorbent–adsorbate electrostatic interaction and is absent when this interaction is hindered.     

静定梁的相当质量

本文以冲击问题为例,用能量法对基本静定梁的相当质量作了分析。求得冲击点在梁的任意位置时的相当质量的值,并且用图示的方式表示出来。其结果不但适用于冲击问题,而且也适用于机械振动问题。     

以置换法求静定刚架的位移

给出了各梁位移的置换法位移方程.提出了一种解静定刚架位移的新方法,并举例应用.     

气液两相流确定性混沌分析

采用确定性混沌理论研究了空气 水两相流压力和压差信号的重构相空间、吸引子不变量的规律。结果表明 ,气液两相流是 1个低维混沌动力学系统 ,各流型间的非线性动力学特性不同。气液两相流的吸引子不变量 ,如Hurst指数、关联维数和Kolmogorov熵等都与流型关系密切。在多数流型内参数波动具有持久性特征 ,首次发现了高气速环状流区的反持久特征。     

矿山机械故障诊断控制值的确定方法

采用数理统计和数值分析的方法 ,探讨了矿山机械设备故障诊断中控制值的确定方法 ,结合矿山机械的具体实例介绍了此方法的应用 ,对矿井安全生产具有指导性作用。