桑寄生中总黄酮的含量测定及抗氧化活性研究

建立桂花树桑寄生中总黄酮的紫外分光光度测定方法;用清除DPPH自由基的能力来评价桑寄生中总黄酮的抗氧化活性。总黄酮浓度在0.004 mg/mL~0.02 mg/mL范围内,吸光度与浓度呈具有良好的线性关系(r=0.999 5)。桂花树桑寄生中总黄酮含量为14.18 mg/g,平均加标回收率为101.2%,同一批样品5次测定值的RSD为2.07%~2.25%之间;抑制DPPH自由基的能力IC50是32.31μg/mL。该方法简便、快捷、准确、重现性好,可作为检测桂花树桑寄生中总黄酮含量的一种好方法;结果表明,桂花树桑寄生总黄酮具有一定的抗氧化活性。     

Comparison of Antifungal and Antioxidant Activities of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Acacia mangium</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">A. auriculiformis</Emphasis> Heartwood Extracts

The effect of heartwood extracts from Acacia mangium (heartrot-susceptible) and A. auriculiformis (heartrot-resistant) was examined on the growth of wood rotting fungi with in vitro assays. A. auriculiformis heartwood extracts had higher antifungal activity than A. mangium. The compounds 3,4,7,8-tetrahydroxyflavanone and teracacidin (the most abundant flavonoids in both species) showed antifungal activity. A. auriculiformis contained higher levels of these flavonoids (3.5- and 43-fold higher, respectively) than A. mangium. This suggests that higher levels of these compounds may contribute to heartrot resistance. Furthermore, both flavonoids had strong 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and laccase inhibition. This suggests that the antifungal mechanism of these compounds may involve inhibition of fungal growth by quenching of free radicals produced by the extracellular fungal enzyme laccase.     

玉米须总黄酮的抗氧化性研究

以玉米须为原料,提取玉米须总黄酮。从玉米须总黄酮对猪油的抗氧化性、对DPPH自由基的清除作用、对Fe3+的还原能力三个方面系统分析了玉米须总黄酮的抗氧化活性。结果表明:添加玉米须总黄酮的猪油比未添加玉米须总黄酮的猪油氧化缓慢;玉米须总黄酮对DPPH自由基的IC50为0.057mg/mL,低于BHT的IC50（0.17mg/mL）;同浓度下,玉米须总黄酮对Fe3+的还原能力强于BHT。因此,玉米须总黄酮具有抗氧化作用,可以作为一种天然抗氧化剂应用于食品领域。      

A Flavanone and Two Phenolic Acids from Chrysanthemum morifolium with Phytotoxic and Insect Growth Regulating Activity

Leaves of Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Ramat were extracted sequentially with hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The methanol fraction, when incorporated into artificial diet was found to reduce the growth of cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni Hubner) larvae at concentrations between 500 and 5000 ppm of diet. Fractionation of the methanol extract on a Sephadex column yielded five fractions, three of which reduced the weight of larvae relative to the control. One fraction was analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and found to contain three main constituents. These compounds were purified using a combination of gel permeation chromatography on Sephadex LH20 and HPLC, and analyzed by 1H and 13CNMR as well as undergoing chemical and physical analyses. The compounds were identified as: 1, chlorogenic acid (5-O-caffeoylquinic acid); 2, 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid; and 3, 3', 4',5-trihydroxyflavanone7-O-glucuronide (eriodictyol7-O-glucuronide). At concentrations between 100 to 1000 ppm these compounds reduced both growth and photosynthesis of Lemna gibba L. with the order of efficacy being: flavanone > chlorogenic acid > 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid. Furthermore, when incorporated separately into artificial diet these compounds, at 10 to 1000 ppm, enhanced or reduced growth of the cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) and gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.).     

氮磷钾互作效应对甘草黄酮含量影响的初步研究

研究结果表明,宁夏红寺堡扬黄新灌区沙壤灰钙土氮、磷、钾对甘草总黄酮含量影响大小为:施磷(负效应)大于施氮(正效应)大于施钾(负效应);因子互作效应对甘草总黄酮含量影响大小顺序为P×K>N×P>N×K;红寺堡扬黄新灌区沙壤灰钙土人工栽培甘草总黄酮含量≥5.0%以上的农艺措施为:施纯N 119.6~138.8kghm-2、施纯P2O5153.2~178.5 kghm-2、施纯K2O 90.9~105.6 kghm-2。     

黄烷酮衍生物的合成及杀菌活性

以取代苯甲醛为起始原料 ,经过肉桂酸衍生物合成了 7个黄烷酮衍生物 ,它们的结构分别经IR和1 H NMR确证。通过生物测试表明 ,部分化合物具有较好的杀菌活性     

黄烷酮母体结构的合成研究

以廉价的苯甲醛、邻羟基苯乙酮为起始原料,先后经过羟醛缩合,弱碱性条件下催化环化等步骤,以72.4%产率完成黄烷酮母体结构(±)-2,3-二氢-2-苯基-4H-1-苯并吡喃-4-酮的全合成研究,所有化合物的结构都经过1HNMR、IR确认。     

红薯梗中清除自由基活性成分的研究

本实验将红薯梗以甲醇粗提后,再用有机溶剂梯度萃取,并测定了各组分清除DPPH•以及O2-•自由基的活性。实验结果表明,红薯梗各提取物对1,1-二苯基-2-苦肼基(DPPH•)和O2-•自由基有程度不同的清除作用。对两种自由基的清除均以乙醚组分效果最好,其中清除DPPH•的活性为同浓度茶多酚的1.6倍。提纯后的乙酸乙酯的主要组分,经紫外、可见分光光度计法的测定推测,其结构类型应为二氢黄酮类。