Fenton试剂降低采油污水CODCr的研究与应用

针对辽河油区超稠油采油污水的特点，采用Fenton试剂催化氧化，对采油污水处理进行研究。实验研究及现场应用结果表明，此方法对污水的CODCr具有良好的去除效果。处理后污水经过简单生化，进一步降解污染物，能够实现稳定迭标排放，且具有能耗低、运行成本低和操作简单等特点。     

高导电性原油电脱盐工艺研究

南阳原油中金属含量较高,掺有部分3次采油采出原油,加工时易造成电脱盐装置原油乳化,电导率高,脱盐难度较大。装置投产十几年来脱后含盐一直不合格,经过改造仍然超标,常压塔顶腐蚀严重。为此,对原油进行了电脱盐工艺条件及破乳剂研究,研制出了高效电脱盐设备和生物复合脱盐剂及降电流剂,采用平流弓形电极进行改造,解决了该原油的电脱盐问题,使脱后含盐达到3 mg/L。     

双转向垂向控缝技术实验研究及现场应用

针对压裂过程中缝高较难控制的问题，研制开发出新型的油溶性垂向双转向剂，并开展了室内实验研究。首次验证了转向剂对裂缝延伸的控制机理，确定了转向剂的适用浓度及控缝能力。实验表明，转向剂可以增加隔层应力3～4MPa左右。在此基础上研究了控制裂缝高度施工方案的设计方法，并利用全三维软件结合垂向应力剖面对控缝技术进行了优化。现场推广应用30井次，取得了较好的控缝效果。     

羧酸系列集油剂的水面集油性能

研究了十二烷酸、十四烷酸、十六烷酸和十八烷酸在淡水中的集油能力。结果表明，这4种羧酸在淡水表面的表面膜压随其分子中碳数的增加而增大。其中后两者的表面膜压高达45～50mN／m，显著高于各类油膜膜压，满足集油剂对表面活性物质膜压的要求。4种脂肪羧酸在淡水中使柴油油膜的收缩率在1min时达到最大值，分别为80．0％、81．8％、83．8％和88．2％。它们的己醇、正庚醇、正辛醇、仲辛醇溶液的集油持续性，总体上随羧酸分子碳数增加而增大。其中十六烷酸和十八烷酸集油能力非常接近，它们的正庚醇、正辛醇和仲辛醇溶液使柴油膜面积收缩率在120h后仍保持在66．0％～70．2％。该类集油剂毒性低，易为生物降解，有实际应用前景。     

Morphology and properties of poly[2‐methoxy‐5‐(2′‐ethyl‐hexyloxy)‐para‐phenylene vinylene]/silica nanoparticle hybrid films

Poly[2‐methoxy‐5‐(2′‐ethyl‐hexyloxy)‐para‐phenylene vinylene] (MEH‐PPV)/silica nanoparticle hybrid films were prepared and characterised. Three kinds of materials were compared: parent MEH‐PPV, MEH‐PPV/silica (hybrid A films), and MEH‐PPV/coupling agent MSMA/silica (hybrid B films), in which MSMA is 3‐(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate. It was found that the hybrid B films could significantly prevent macrophase separation, as evidenced by scanning electron and fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, the thermal characteristics of the hybrid films were largely improved in comparison with the parent MEH‐PPV. The UV‐visible absorption spectra suggested that the incorporation of MSMA‐modified silica into MEH‐PPV could confine the polymer chain between nanoparticles and thus increase the conjugation length. The photoluminescence (PL) studies also indicated enhancement of the PL intensity and quantum efficiency by incorporating just 2 wt% of MSMA‐modified silica into MEH‐PPV. However, hybrid A films did not show such enhancement of optoelectronic properties as the hybrid B films. The present study suggests the importance of the interface between the luminescent organic polymers and the inorganic silica on morphology and optoelectronic properties. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

绒类织物增光增艳整理

选用多功能复合型绒类织物增光增艳整理剂FSR－2，对纯棉条绒织物进行光泽整理，讨论了光泽剂、交联剂及工艺条件对整理效果的影响，得出了最佳的增光增艳整理工艺。     

Synthesis of TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> Hybrid Molecular Imprinted Polymer for Ethofumesate Linked by Silane Coupling Agent

TiO₂ hybrid molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) for ethofumesate using methacrylic acid (MAA) as the functional monomer and silane coupling agent 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propylmethacrylate (KH570) as organic–inorganic connective bridge was synthesized via photo-excitation method. Hydrogen bond was proved to act between MAA and ethofumesate for pre- and post-polymerization binding properties as testified by UV spectrometric method. KH570 modified TiO₂ nanoparticles were prepared via sonochemical reaction, which can accelerate hydrolysis, increase collision chance for the reactive system and improve the dispersion of the nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), binding and the adsorption kinetics experiments as well as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed for characterization. The results indicated that the hybrid MIP revealed a larger surface area and more ordered imprinting cavities with improved thermal stability compared to organic-only MIP. Furthermore, faster adsorption kinetics and enhancive adsorption capacity were achieved, which made it promising in chemical sensor applications.     

An Agent Interaction Based Method for Nonlinear Process Plan Scheduling

This article puts forward a scheduling method for nonlinear process plan shop floor.Task allocation and load bal- ance are realized by bidding mechanism.Though the agent interaction process,the execution of tasks is determined and the coherence of manufacturing decision is verified.The employment of heuristic index can help to optimize the system performance.     

铸铁热分析用试样新型激冷剂的实验研究

从冷却曲线上相变段倾角最小原则出发，研究了新型激冷剂的配比与热分析法检测铸铁成分精度的关系，实验结果表明，能使相变段倾角最小的成分配比，也能提高对铸铁成分的热分析和检测精度。     

柴油助燃剂的开发方向

本文系统地介绍了各种柴油助燃剂。采用这些助燃剂可以提高柴油发动机和柴油燃烧器燃料完全燃烧程度，从而达到节能和保护环境的目的。