凝析气藏生产气油比混沌时间序列预测方法

混沌时间序列预测方法在油气田勘探开发过程中发挥着重要的作用。地下储层通常具有较强的非均质性,流体的流动也受到多种未知因素的影响,这也与各种混沌现象极为相似。根据相空间重构理论,应用遗传算法求取最小嵌入维数m及时间延迟τ,构建了混沌时间序列模型,并对牙哈凝析气藏两口井的生产气油比进行了模拟及预测,拟合误差小于6%。研究结果表明,该预测模型有较高的精度。     

压缩机级间冷却器凝析问题分析及冷凝水量计算

本文针对压缩机级间冷却器中,湿气体、凝析问题进行了分析,并推出冷却器中冷凝水量的理论计算公式。     

Composite additive for GShZ gas condensate diesel fuel

K-1 composite additive to bring the quality of GShZ diesel fuel (DF) to the level of the requirements in GOST 305-82 for DF Z-45 and consequently to expand the area of its use was developed from domestic feedstock.Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 1, pp. 35 – 36, January – February, 2005.     

Estimate of the Stress State of Rocks in the Vicinity of Gas-Condensate Field on the Sea Shelf

The boundary-element method is used for studying the stress state of rocks in the vicinity of the extensive cavity with gas depending on the actual gravitational and tectonic forces, gas pressure, as well as deposit geometry. The pressure value, up to which the field can be developed safely, is estimated; the possible mechanisms of enclosing mass deformation are examined.     

凝析气藏相对渗透率曲线修正模型研究

深入理解凝析气藏“凝析油堵塞”对油气相对渗透率曲线的影响,可以更好地进行凝析气藏的高效开发。在综合考虑凝析油气低界面张力和凝析油临界流动饱和度的基础上,对由传统试验手段所得的相对渗透率曲线进行了修正。修正后的相对渗透率曲线应用于拟稳态理论计算时,不同压力下的相对渗透率,尤其是气相的相对渗透率,明显变大。研究表明,传统实验手段所得的相对渗透率曲线用于凝析油气藏的开发时,误差较大。文中所建相对渗透率模型比较接近真实凝析气藏相对渗透率曲线,具有较高的精度,能用于凝析气藏的开发。     

A NEW EXPERIMENTAL CORRELATION USING A CURVE-SHAPED CAPACITANCE SENSOR TO PREDICT LIQUID HOLDUP IN VERTICAL GAS-CONDENSATE PIPELINES

The performance of a curve-shaped capacitance sensor for measuring the mean liquid holdup of the two-phase mixture of gas-condensate and nitrogen in a vertical pipeline was studied experimentally. The sensor consists of two electrodes placed on the external wall of a cylindrical test duct. The calibration curves for bubble, slug, and plug flow regimes were developed for vertical flow and the sensitivity of the sensor to flow pattern was also investigated. Based on experimental observations, different calibration curves must be used for different flow regimes to have an acceptable accuracy in holdup measurement. Moreover, a new empirical correlation for estimating liquid holdup in vertical gas-condensate pipelines in the dynamic condition was developed as a function of superficial velocities, viscosities, and densities of the gas and liquid. Furthermore, a flow pattern identification map for vertical pipeline is also presented.     

考虑井筒积液的凝析气井试井分析

在凝析气井生产中，井筒会出现积液，导致试井资料出现异常，用以前的试井理论图版无法进行拟合解释。从数学模型表达方法上看，带积液的气井试井模型与井筒相态重新分布的气井试井模型类似，都是在井底增加了一个附加压力。从此入手，建立了带积液的凝析气井试井分析模型，加以求解，画出了其特征曲线，并对其各个阶段的流动特征进行了分析。实例分析证明，利用该试井分析模型和相应的理论图版进行凝析气藏解释，可得到较好效果。     

A NEW EXPERIMENTAL CORRELATION USING A CURVE-SHAPED CAPACITANCE SENSOR TO PREDICT LIQUID HOLDUP IN VERTICAL GAS-CONDENSATE PIPELINES

The performance of a curve-shaped capacitance sensor for measuring the mean liquid holdup of the two-phase mixture of gas-condensate and nitrogen in a vertical pipeline was studied experimentally. The sensor consists of two electrodes placed on the external wall of a cylindrical test duct. The calibration curves for bubble, slug, and plug flow regimes were developed for vertical flow and the sensitivity of the sensor to flow pattern was also investigated. Based on experimental observations, different calibration curves must be used for different flow regimes to have an acceptable accuracy in holdup measurement. Moreover, a new empirical correlation for estimating liquid holdup in vertical gas-condensate pipelines in the dynamic condition was developed as a function of superficial velocities, viscosities, and densities of the gas and liquid. Furthermore, a flow pattern identification map for vertical pipeline is also presented.     

高压大直径天然气-凝析液管流计算模型

前人提出的平界面和曲界面模型大多是基于低压、小管径、水平或接近水平管道空气-水条件的实验数据得来的,如何选择长距离、高压、大直径、起伏地形天然气-凝析液管道水力计算模型是一个需要研究的问题。针对高压、大直径、起伏地形条件下的天然气-凝析液混输管线,运用相态与物性、水力、热力耦合的计算方法对分离流的气-液平界面和曲界面机理模型进行了适用性比较研究。将平界面和曲界面模型下的几何关系和摩阻系数计算相关式运用于实际的高压天然气-凝析液长距离地形起伏管道中,对比水力热力计算结果与实际生产数据,认为平界面模型较曲界面模型能更准确地预测高压、大直径天然气-凝析液两相流管线的压降和积液量。     

考虑相变的凝析气井产能方程

凝析气井生产过程中,出现反凝析后储层表现为油气多相渗流特征,单相气井的产能方程已不适应凝析气井。在凝析气藏稳态理论基础上,建立了考虑相态变化的凝析气井多相流产能方程,在产能方程中引入油气两相拟压力函数,并可以计算凝析气藏中压力剖面,从而计算随压力分布的合理储层参数。结果表明,随地层压力的不断降低,由于凝析油的析出,降低了气相渗透率。考虑相变的凝析气井产能方程的计算结果小于单相气井的产能方程,并且差值不断增大。