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This paper provides a unified approach for the optimization of measurements placements employed for power system online monitoring through state estimation. The proposed methodology, which can be suitable for the mixed measure system, preserves state estimation observability and bad-data processing capability by employing numerical algorithms for observability checking, critical measurements and critical couple identification. First, node injection radix measurements and measurement categories are defined. According to the above definitions, the coefficient matrix can be solved. The analysis on the column vectors of the coefficient matrix can determine each measurement classification. Furthermore, the numbers of each measurement class contains can determine bad-data processing capability. The observability can be checked by the type number of measurements. The proposed method is illustrated with the IEEE39-bus system and the IEEE118-bus system. Results from the case studies are presented to demonstrate that the approach adequately fulfills the desired properties related to observability, bad-data processing, cost, and robustness. 相似文献
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水平井压裂技术在低渗透及非常规储层中得到了广泛应用,压裂后水平井的产能预测关系到油田开发方案的制定,因此,国内外学者对压后渗流模型的建立和求解方法做出了不懈的努力。本文详细回顾了国内外学者所建压裂水平井产能预测模型及求解方法,指出了不同模型和求解方法的优缺点,并展望了压裂水平井产能模型的发展方向。 相似文献
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Fault detection and isolation in water distribution networks is an active topic due to the nonlinearities of flow propagation and recent increases in data availability due to sensor deployment. Here, we propose an efficient two-step data driven alternative: first, we perform sensor placement taking the network topology into account; second, we use incoming sensor data to build a network model through online dictionary learning. Online learning is fast and allows tackling large networks as it processes small batches of signals at a time. This brings the benefit of continuous integration of new data into the existing network model, either in the beginning for training or in production when new data samples are gathered. The proposed algorithms show good performance in our simulations on both small and large-scale networks. 相似文献
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Optimal capacitor placement in distribution systems solved by the hybrid method of CODEQ (called HCODEQ method) is proposed in this work. The concepts of chaotic search, opposition-based learning, and quantum mechanics are used in the CODEQ method to overcome the drawback of parameters selection in the differential evolution (DE). However, a larger population size must be used in the CODEQ method. That is a drawback for all evolutionary algorithms (EAs). To overcome this drawback, acceleration operation and migrating operation are embedded into the CODEQ method, i.e. HCODEQ method. The use of these two operations can increase the convergence speed without decreasing the diversity among individuals. One benchmark function and various-scale capacitor placement systems are used to compare the performance of the proposed method, CODEQ method, DE, simulated annealing (SA), and ant system (AS). Numerical results show that the performance of the HCODEQ method is better than the other methods. 相似文献
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As accessing computing resources from the remote cloud inherently incurs high end-to-end (E2E) delay for mobile users, cloudlets, which are deployed at the edge of a network, can potentially mitigate this problem. Although some research works focus on allocating workloads among cloudlets, the cloudlet placement aiming to minimize the deployment cost (i.e., consisting of both the cloudlet cost and average E2E delay cost) has not been addressed effectively so far. The locations and number of cloudlets have a crucial impact on both the cloudlet cost in the network and average E2E delay of users. Therefore, in this paper, we propose the Cost Aware cloudlet PlAcement in moBiLe Edge computing (CAPABLE) strategy, where both the cloudlet cost and average E2E delay are considered in the cloudlet placement. To solve this problem, a Lagrangian heuristic algorithm is developed to achieve the suboptimal solution. After cloudlets are placed in the network, we also design a workload allocation scheme to minimize the E2E delay between users and their cloudlets by considering the user mobility. The performance of CAPABLE has been validated by extensive simulations. 相似文献
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PDC钻头布齿设计技术 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
刘建风 《勘探地球物理进展》2003,26(3):225-227
合理的布齿是保证PDC钻头具有优良工作性能的关键。目前常用的PDC钻头布齿设计方法是图解调整法,该方法速度慢,设计工作烦琐,工作量大,效率低,欠灵活,而且有时会出现不必要的误差。讨论了PDC钻头布齿设计的特点,按切削原则设计了钻头冠部形状,并选择了合理的切削结构,为PDC钻头布齿计算机辅助设计软件提供了理论支撑。 相似文献
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高温高压下甲烷在油里的溶解度大,水包油乳化钻井液中存在油相,钻井作业中钻井液静置期间如起下钻、工具故障抢修等时间过长,储层中的甲烷气体会扩散到井眼里。在钻高含硫化氢及二氧化碳气井时,高温高压条件下天然气更有可能到达与油完全互溶的状态。文章将储层内的水平段井眼的气体扩散区域划分为4个区,外滤饼区、内滤饼区、滤液滞留区、滤液未污染区,根据外滤饼区、内滤饼区、滤液滞留区不同计算参数条件,计算预测了在使用水包油乳化钻井液情况下,储层中天然气通过扩散穿过3个区后,进入储层内井眼段环空导致的环空含气质量浓度变化,对环空内含气质量浓度随扩散时间、含油浓度因素的变化进行了定量计算。用伽略金有限元方法求解,计算表明,气体扩散量随钻井液静置时间延长而增加,水基钻井液加入油后与不加油的钻井液相比增大了气体扩散量。 相似文献