Alumina-supported catalysts for propane oxidative dehydrogenation from mixed VXM(6−X)O19 (M=W, Mo) hexametalate precursors

γ-Al₂O₃ supported vanadium oxides were modified by tungsten and molybdenum oxides in order to improve dispersion and selectivity towards olefins in propane oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH). Both vanadium–tungsten and vanadium–molybdenum catalysts were obtained by adsorption of mixed isopolyanions (VW₅O₁₉⁵⁻, V₂W₄O₁₉⁴⁻, VMo₅O₁₉⁵⁻ and V₂Mo₄O₁₉⁴⁻) from aqueous solutions. The isopolyanion solutions were characterized by UV-Vis and ⁵¹V NMR spectroscopy. Vanadium, vanadium–tungsten and vanadium–molybdenum precursors and catalysts were also characterized by UV-Vis (diffuse reflectance) and solid state ⁵¹V NMR spectroscopy. An improved selectivity to propene in the presence of tungsten and molybdenum in VO_x/γ-Al₂O₃ was observed and attributed to dilution of vanadium by tungsten or molybdenum oxides on the γ-Al₂O₃ surface.     

天然气中甲烷和乙烷直接转化制乙烯

天然气中的甲烷和乙烷可以同时在Ｎａ２ＷＯ４－Ｍｎ／ＳｉＯ２催化剂上得到活化生成乙烯。在甲烷转化率为２０％时，原料甲烷氧化偶联反应生成Ｃ２＋的选择性为～８０％，原料乙烷反应的转化率为～８５％，选择性为～７０％。     

丙烷氧化脱氢反应催化剂体系研究进展

综述了丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯反应催化剂体系及其主要研究结果。     

异丁烷与丁烯在炭化树脂负载PW_(12)催化剂上的烷基化

探讨了炭化树脂负载杂多酸PW1 2 催化剂制备的适宜条件 ,反应工艺条件对催化剂催化异丁烷与丁烯烷基化反应及产物分布的影响 ,分析了催化剂具有较高活性的原因 ,进行了催化剂稳定性实验。并与其它类固体酸催化剂进行了对比。     

Ni-Mo-O催化剂中协同作用对丙烷氧化脱氢的影响

在 Ni-Mo-O体系中 ,加入 Mo O3 能极大地提高丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯的反应活性。选用固混法、沉淀法、柠檬酸法制备了 Mo O3 过量 1 5 % (摩尔分数 )的α -Ni Mo O4催化剂 ,其中用沉淀法制得催化剂在 5 0 0℃ ,V( C3 H8) /V ( O2 ) /V ( N2 ) =1 0 /1 0 /5 0 ,反应气流量为 70 m L/min的条件下丙烷转化率可达 38.7% ,丙烯选择性达 70 .1 4 %。经 XRD,XPS,TPR表征说明 ,在含有过量 Mo O3 的催化剂中 ,α -Ni Mo O4与 Mo O3 两种晶体之间可产生微小的相互吸引 ;从而发挥协同作用 ,是提高催化剂活性     

异丁烷与丁烯烷基化反应工艺

讨论了异丁烷与丁烯烷基化反应工艺在清洁燃料生产过程中的地位、作用和发展趋势;简介了目前石油炼制工业中使用的液体酸烷基化工艺;详细介绍了正在研究开发的固体酸烷基化技术;对在烷基化反应中应用的新型固体酸催化材料和新催化反应工艺的探索和进展进行了综述。     

CONSTITUTE AND PROPERTY OFα-Ti AFTER HYDRIDING TREATMENT

研究了氢化处理对退火α-Ti 板材的组织、结构及性能的影响。α-Ti 在室温出现两种结构的氢化物:有序的fctγ相(TiH)和fccδ相(TiH_2)。分析了用X 射线衍射只查觉到δ相的原因。氢化物的数量及形态影响除氢后基体的晶粒组织。控制氢含量可以改善拉伸性能及疲劳性能。     

The effect of support morphology on the reaction of oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethylene at short contact times

The oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane is carried out in short contact time reactors over Pt and LaMnO₃ based catalysts supported on a large number of different ceramic substrates (45, 60 and 80 ppi foam monoliths and 200, 400, 600, 900 and 1200 cpsi honeycomb monoliths). Experimental results, obtained under the same conditions at varying the C₂H₆/O₂ ratio, showed that the highest performance in terms of ethylene selectivity and yield is always attained on LaMnO₃ catalysts. Furthermore, the results are significantly influenced by the morphology and cell density of the support, with 45 and 60 ppi foams and 400 and 600 cpsi honeycombs giving the best performance. The experimental results are explained by means of geometrical and fluid dynamic considerations on the support, and by means of a 2D mathematical model, which clearly indicates an optimal intermediate cell density for maximising ethylene selectivity and yield.     

Propane conversion over zeolite catalysts: Comments on the role of Ga

The activation of propane using zeolite H-Y and Ga³⁺ exchanged zeolite Y indicates that in the presence of Ga³⁺ the mechanism of propane activation is changed from a cracking pathway to a dehydrogenation pathway. The presence of both Ga³⁺ and H⁺ are required to achieve this effect.