豫西雷门沟钼矿水文地质条件分析及涌水量预测

豫西熊耳山雷门沟钼矿床位于东秦岭多金属成矿带东段,是已探明的超大型斑岩型钼矿,前人研究程度高、地质成果丰硕,但对矿床开采技术条件方面研究较少。本次通过地质调查工程、水文地质试验等方法,从水文地质角度,对雷门沟钼矿床水文地质条件进行研究,填补了该方面的空白,丰富了研究成果；采用水文地质比拟法预测未来矿坑最大排水量2613 m³/d,经实践检验结果较为可靠；总结的采坑排水量预测方法、含水层特点、矿床充水因素以及防治水措施,以期对该区域水文地质工作具有参考价值。     

Study on wax precipitation characteristics of wax deposit in pipes

Wax deposit properties are a significant concern in pipeline pigging during waxy crude oil transportation. In the present work, the impacts of flow conditions and oil properties on the wax precipitation characteristics of wax deposits are investigated. A flow loop apparatus was developed to conduct wax deposition experiments using four crude oils collected from different field pipes. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique was employed to observe the wax precipitation characteristics of crude oil and wax deposit. The results show that the wax content and the wax appearance temperature (WAT) of the deposits increase with shear stress and radial temperature gradient, and decrease with radial wax molecule concentration gradient near the pipe wall. The DSC tests on the wax deposits revealed that the deposit wax content is strongly correlated to the oil wax content. Furthermore, an empirical correlation was developed to predict the wax content and the WAT of the wax deposit. Verification of the empirical correlation using the different oils indicated that the average relative error of the wax content prediction and average absolute error of WAT prediction were 13.2% and 3.6°C, respectively.     

Optimised phase compositions and improved microwave dielectric properties based on calcium tin silicates

The Ca_(1+2y)Sn_(1-x)Si_(1+y)O_(5-2x+4y) low-permittivity microwave dielectric ceramics were prepared through solid-state reaction at 1350–1450 °C for 5 h. The relations between microwave dielectric properties and phase compositions for non-stoichiometric Ca_(1+2y)Sn_(1-x)Si_(1+y)O_(5-2x+4y) ceramics have been investigated. A single CaSnSiO₅ phase with abnormally positive temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τ_f = + 62.5 ppm/°C) was synthesised at 1450 °C. This composition was an effective τ_f compensator of CaSiO₃ and Ca₃SnSi₂O₉ phases with typically negative τ_f value. The CaSiO₃ second phase was related to the Sn deficiency in the CaSn_(1-x)SiO_(5-2x) (0 < x < 1.0) composition, whereas the Ca₃SnSi₂O₉ second phase was obtained by controlling the Ca:Sn:Si ratios on the basis of the Ca_(1+2y)SnSi_(1+y)O_(5+4y) (0 < y < 1.0) composition. A promising low-permittivity millimetre-wave ceramic with most excellent microwave dielectric properties (ε_r = 10.2, Q×f = 81,000 GHz and τ_f = −4.8 ppm/°C) was produced from the Ca_(1+2y)SnSi_(1+y)O_(5+4y) (y = 0.4) ceramic.     

Comparative analysis on performance of vertical drain improved clay deposit under vacuum or surcharge loading

This paper presents two well-instrumented large-scale field tests of PVD-improved soft soil with vacuum and surcharge preloading, respectively. The two large-scale field tests were conducted adjacent to each other with the same preload. A comparative analysis was performed to investigate the performance of subsoil (i.e., the ground settlement, the layered settlement, the lateral displacement of subsoil and pore water pressure) under vacuum preloading and equivalent surcharge preloading. Some design methods were verified based on the field data. Cone Penetration Tests (CPT) and Vane Shear Tests (VST) were conducted to assess the improvement effects on subsoil after preloading. The results showed that as compared with surcharge preloading, vacuum preloading mitigated the differential settlement of the ground. The vacuum pressure transmitted into the soil with a minor loss through the PVD length. From a practical point of view, the improvement effects by vacuum preloading and surcharge preloading were similar in terms of influence depth and soil strength based on the in-situ tests.     

甲磺酸铜催化合成草酸二异戊酯

制备了甲磺酸铜催化剂,对其结构进行了IR和热重分析,并用于催化草酸和异戊醇的酯化反应。结果表明,甲磺酸铜具有催化活性高、稳定,易分离,重复使用性能优良,对环境友好的特点。最佳酯化工艺条件为:n(异戊醇):n(草酸)=2．8:1,w(甲磺酸铜)=0．3％,以过量的异戊醇为带水剂,回流反应2．0 h,酯化率可达到96．8％。     

新型潜油电泵防砂防垢吸入口的研究应用

针对中原油田矿化度高、出砂量大的开采现状,设计了潜油电泵防砂防垢吸入口,作为电动潜油泵提液系统的辅助设备,对井液先通过滤网防砂管工艺装置进行砂粒过滤,同时通过高强磁防垢器进行磁化处理,使矿化物分子结构改变,结垢缓解。解决了多砂和矿物质结垢而造成的泵卡及泵结垢等技术难题,现场应用效果良好。     

SnO2超微粒子薄膜的气敏特性研究

作者用自行设计的直流气体放电活化反应蒸发装置制备出平均粒径约为40nm的SnO_2超微粒子薄膜.研究了不同氧分压下所得SnO_2超微粒膜的形貌、结构和组成等特性,以及不同样品对各种易燃气体的气敏特性,得出了灵敏度随氧分压及灵敏度随工作温度的变化曲线.     

铜线材酸性高速电镀致密光亮锡、锡铜合金

为了寻找低成本、低腐蚀、低污染高速电镀锡、锡铜合金工艺 ,在含光亮剂、柔软剂DL0 1、0 2、0 3的硫酸槽中在不同的电流密度、不同的搅拌速度下 ,在Φ0 .5mm的铜线上电镀Sn和Sn Cu合金镀层。DL0 1、0 2的主要成分是无芳香族的希夫碱 ,DL0 3的主要成分是醇醛缩合物。结果表明 ,在含有DL0 1、0 2、0 3和 35g/LSnSO4 ,137g/LH2 SO4 的镀液中 ,在Jc=10～ 90A/dm2 ,v=16 0～ 314m/min时 ,所得镀层致密、柔软、光亮。在含CuSO4 ·5H2 O 0 .5 ,3.5g/L的硫酸镀槽中 ,在Jc=9,18A/dm2 ,v=16 0m/min时获得了致密、柔软、光亮的Sn (0 .3%～ 0 .6 % )Cu合金镀层。     

位山引黄灌区泥沙淤积原因及处理对策

位山灌区是黄河下游大型引黄灌区 ,渠系泥沙淤积严重 ,泥沙处理困难。通过采用远距离输沙、集中处理沉沙区泥沙、分散沉沙和节水减淤等技术措施 ,减少了渠系的泥沙淤积。对清淤产生的泥沙 ,采取综合开发利用的技术和管理措施 ,取得了比较可靠的效果。