相变储能材料研究进展

综述了固-固相变储能材料（s-S PCMs：sofid-solid phase change materials）、固-液相变储能材料（s-1 PCMs：solid—liquid phase change materials）的主要优缺点，并主要介绍了以下2种封装方式：（1）PCMs与基体材料复合制成定型PCMs，包括：与有机高分子材料机械共混、用无机多孔材料封装；（2）PCMs微囊化。此外，还分析了PCMs的主要应用领域及PCMs的主要研究方向。     

石蜡微胶囊中脲醛树脂壁材渗透性的研究

利用差示扫描量热法研究了石蜡微胶囊中脲醛树脂壁材对水及甲苯的渗透性 ,结果表明 ,水不能透过脲醛树脂壁材 ,而甲苯则易透过脲醛树脂壁材。因此 ,该石蜡微胶囊不能用于芳香族溶剂存在的场合。     

仿生黏附性聚多巴胺丁香酚抑菌微胶囊的制备

以丁香酚（EO）为芯材,多巴胺（DA）为壳材,通过乳液模板-界面聚合法成功制备出尺寸可控的聚多巴胺丁香酚（PDA@EO）微胶囊。通过FTIR、TG、UV-Vis、SEM和TEM对微胶囊的化学结构、形貌、粒径及性能进行表征和分析,结果表明,所制备的微胶囊呈规整球形,粒径在55～94 nm之间,丁香酚包封率为25.35%,包封量为0.6288 g/g,24 h时累积释放率达到68.39%。通过对比实验证明,PDA@EO微胶囊在不同材料表面均具有优异的黏附性能;作用于口腔感染部位常见细菌金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌24 h,PDA@EO微胶囊较游离丁香酚的抑菌活性分别提高了36.84%和35.52%;当微胶囊质量浓度达到2.0 g/L时,PDA@EO微胶囊对两种细菌的抑菌活性均达到99%以上。     

脲醛树脂微胶囊包覆红磷阻燃剂制备工艺的研究 Ⅰ.预聚物合成工艺研究

研究了脲醛树脂的预聚物通过原位聚合对红磷进行包覆的一些影响因素。实验表明影响预聚物质量的主要因素是第一阶段尿醛比(F/U)1,第二阶段尿醛比(F/U)2,反应温度和pH值。制备预聚物的最佳条件为:第一阶段尿醛比为2.3∶1(摩尔比),第二阶段尿醛比为1.3∶1(摩尔比),pH值为5.1,反应温度为75℃。制备的预聚物来包覆红磷,颜色为白色;用微胶囊红磷阻燃聚乙烯,当含量为9%时,在500℃下残余物为4.85%。     

微胶囊技术在环氧固化剂中的应用

介绍了微胶囊的发展历程和化学制备方法,微胶囊的释放机理以及在环氧固化剂中的应用。     

海藻酸钙微胶囊的制备

研究了海藻酸钙微胶囊的制备条件和影响因素。试验结果表明 :海藻酸钠浓度不宜超过 3.0 % ,Ca Cl2的浓度为 1.0 %～ 4 .0 % ,适宜转速为 30 0 r· min- 1 ,下滴速率可控制在 6 0～ 90滴· m in- 1 ,成型的微胶囊浸泡在蒸馏水中存放 30 d后变化不大     

脲醛树脂微胶囊稳定性研究

用原位聚合法设计L9（3^4）正交实验制备脲醛树脂微胶囊，讨论了助剂用量和乳化速度对微胶囊水悬浮液稳定性的影响，得到了制备稳定性较好的脲醛树脂微胶囊的工艺参数。     

Preparation,characterization, and prominent thermal stability of phase‐change microcapsules with phenolic resin shell and n‐hexadecane core

Microcapsules with phenolic resin (PFR) shell and n‐hexadecane (HD) core were prepared by controlled precipitation of the polymer from droplets of oil‐in‐water emulsion, followed by a heat‐curing process. The droplets of the oil phase are composed of a polymer (PFR), a good solvent (ethyl acetate), and a poor solvent (HD) for the polymer. Removal of the good solvent from the droplets leads to the formation of microcapsules with the poor solvent encapsulated by the polymer. The microstructure, morphology, and phase‐change property as well as thermal stability of the microcapsules were systematically characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimety (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The phase‐change microcapsules exhibit smooth and perfect structure, and the shell thickness is a constant fraction of the capsule radius. The initial weight loss temperature of the microcapsules was determined to be 330°C in N₂ and 255°C in air, respectively, while that of the bulk HD is only about 120°C both in air and N₂ atmospheres. The weight loss mechanism of the microcapsules in different atmosphere is not the same, changing from the pyrolysis temperature of the core material in N₂ to the evaporation of core material caused by the fracture of shell material in air. The melting point of HD in microcapsules is slightly lower than that of bulk HD, and a supercooling was observed upon crystallization. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007