β″－Al_2O_3陶瓷的强化和韧化

研究了稳定ＺｒＯ＿２和部份稳定ＺｒＯ＿２对β″－Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３陶瓷的强化和韧化作用，观察了不同种类、不同含量的ＺｒＯ＿２对β″－Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３陶瓷的显微结构、力学性能和电导率的影响，探讨了β″－Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３的韧化机理。     

Characterization of ultrafine La x Sr1−x MnO3 powder prepared by spray pyrolysis

The characterization of La _x Sr_1−x MnO₃ powders produced by spray pyrolysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation, specific surface area (Brunauer-Emett-Teller), and particle size distribution measurements shows that the resultant large particles are loose agglomerates consisting of many small particles. However, the sintered tiny particles can form hard agglomerates, and the particle size increases remarkably. The structures of the powders before and after sintering were identified by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The study of the electrical property of the powder shows that the powder is a metallic conductor. In a reducing atmosphere, the powder can be decomposed. When the powder is cofired with yttria-stabilized zirconia 5% (YSZ) powder at 1200 °C for 5 h, no new phase is produced, and the powder remains a single provskite hexagonal-rhombohedral structure.     

Direct Measurement of Transformation Zone Strains in Toughened Zirconia

Residual strains responsible for crack tip shielding have been measured within transformation zones surrounding cracks in Mg-PSZ. Two techniques were used for strain measurement: moiré interferometry and high-resolution image matching. Both methods provide maps of differential in-plane displacements within the specimen surface intersected by the crack, the latter method with the higher resolution. The results are compared with finite-element analysis to assess surface relaxation effects, and the measured strains are used to evaluate the crack tip shielding stress intensity factor. Calculations based on the assumption that the unconstrained transformation strain is hydrostatic dilatation yielded results that were significantly smaller than the measured toughness increases.     

Solar furnace surface treatment of plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coatings

An original process of superficial thermal treatment is described. This process has been successfully applied to partially stabilized yttria-zirconia coatings (ZrO₂-Y₂O₃) to increase the lifetime of the thermal barriers. A thin superficial layer was melted, and morphological transformations were observed. A microstructural comparison between as-sprayed layers and thermally treated layers is presented.     

氧传感器作用原理及其固体电解质的制备

简要讨论了ZrO2基氧传感器的作用原理及用于氧传感器的钇稳定氧化锆粉体的几种制备方法。     

室温固相反应法制备纳米氧化锆及表征

以ZrOCl2.8H2O和NH4HCO3为原料,在适量表面活性剂(PEG-400)存在下,先在室温下充分混合研磨进行固相反应,得到的反应混合物再用水洗去其中的可溶性无机盐并烘干,即得氧化锆前驱体。前驱体经530℃下热解3h即得氧化锆产品,采用TG/DTA,XRD和TEM对前驱体及产品进行了表征。结果表明,所得产品氧化锆为结晶良好、以四方相为主的混合晶相,其平均粒径约为25nm。     

Li2O-B2O3复合掺杂对BaAl2Si2O8陶瓷结构与介电性能的影响

采用传统固相反应工艺,按质量分数合成BaO-Al2O3-SiO2-5%(xLi2O-yB2O3)(x=0. 2~0. 6,y=0. 8~0. 4)陶瓷。研究xL-yB烧结助剂对BAS系微波介质陶瓷的结构和介电性能的影响。通过Clausius-Mossotti公式计算讨论了BAS理论与实验介电常数的差异。研究结果表明:xL-yB烧结助剂中Li+进入钡长石Ba2+位,并产生了O2-空位,促进BAS六方相向单斜相转变。添加适当比例的xL-yB烧结助剂后,BAS陶瓷的烧结温度从1400℃降低到925℃,同时BAS陶瓷样品密度、品质因数(Q×f)值以及谐振频率温度系数(τf)得到改善。当烧结助剂为0. 5L-0. 5B,烧结温度为925℃时,可获得综合性能相对较好的BAS陶瓷,其介电性能:εr=6. 74,Q×f=26670 GHz,τf=-21. 09×10-6℃-1。     

CuO-La_2O_3/ZrO_2催化剂催化乙醇水蒸气重整制氢

采用氨水沉淀法和浸渍法制备了复合氧化物催化剂CuO-La2O3/ZrO2(简称Cu-La/ZrO2催化剂),研究了Cu-La/ZrO2催化剂在乙醇水蒸气重整制氢反应中的催化性能。用N2吸附-脱附、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱对试样进行了表征。Cu-La/ZrO2催化剂为单斜晶相结构的纳米晶粒,Cu物种高度分散在ZrO2载体表面,Cu-La/ZrO2催化剂经还原后,Cu物种主要以Cu2O形式存在,反应后Cu物种主要以单质形式存在。Cu-La/ZrO2催化剂对乙醇水蒸气重整反应有较高的活性和选择性。在乙醇与水的摩尔比1∶6.33、乙醇水溶液进料量0.1mL/min、Cu-La/ZrO2催化剂用量500mg的条件下,反应温度723K时乙醇转化率为78%～88%,气相产物中H2的摩尔分数约为75%,CO摩尔分数小于1%,CH4摩尔分数约为1%;反应温度773K时,乙醇转化率可达98%。     

负载型复合载体及其镍基催化剂的性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了负载型ZrO_2/Al_2O_3和ZrO_2/Al_2O_3-SiO_2复合载体,研究了不同复合载体对Ni基催化剂CO_2重整甲烷反应和性能的影响,并用XRD、IR、TPR、TPD和BET等方法对复合载体及催化剂进行了表征。结果表明,ZrO_2负载在基载体后比表面积、碱性、活性组分Ni的分散度和Ni与ZrO_2的相互作用增大。NiO在复合载体表面的分散容量与ZrO_2的负载量有关,ZrO_2的负载量为37．5%时NiO的分散容量达最高值(24．0%)。与Ni/ZrO_2相比,Ni/ZrO_2/Al_2O_3-SiO_2和Ni/ZrO_2/Al_2O_3催化剂对CO_2的吸附能力增大,CO_2吸附量增加,酸强度降低,CO_2重整CH_4反应活性提高,其中以Ni/ZrO_2/Al_2O_3催化剂的活性最好。     

无团聚,纳米ZrO2增韧Al2O3基陶瓷材料

本文通过微波加热ＺｒＯＣｌ２·８Ｈ２Ｏ的醇水深液．用ＨＰＣ作分散剂．制备出无团聚、单分散的纳米水合二氧化锆。然后采用胶体工艺制备出Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＺｒＯ２先躯体均混合的粉体。用ＸＲＤ分析ＺＴＡ的相结构。用ＳＥＭ观察断口形貌。结果发现，ＺｒＯ２均匀地分布在ＺＴＡ陶瓷中。粒径小于５００ｎｍ，并且主要以ｔ－ＺｒＯ２形式稳定存在。最后探讨了ＺＴＡ的增韧机制。