环氧脂肪酸钙/锌的直接合成法及其热稳定作用

以一种简便的方法制备了环氧基保留完好的高纯度环氧脂肪酸钙/锌，并对其热稳定性进行了研究。研究表明，环氧脂肪酸钙/锌对聚氯乙烯（PVC）的热稳定作用类似于硬脂酸钙/锌，但其热稳定效能明显优于后者，环氧脂肪酸钙比硬脂酸钙具有较好的初期着色性，环氧脂肪酸锌较硬脂酸锌具有较长的“锌烧”时间。     

Lignin‐based polycondensation resins for wood adhesives

Lignin‐based wood adhesives are obtained that satisfy the requirements of relevant international standards for the manufacture of exterior‐grade wood particleboard. Formulations based on low molecular mass lignin and presenting an increase in the relative proportion of reactive points yield better results than the higher molecular mass lignin used in the past. These lignins allow a higher proportion of hydroxymethylation during preparation of methylolated lignins. These lignin‐based adhesives also yield acceptable results at particleboard pressing times that are sufficiently low to be of industrial significance. Lignin‐based wood adhesives, in which a nonvolatile nontoxic aldehyde (glyoxal) is substituted for formaldehyde in their preparation, are prepared and tested for application to wood panels such as particleboard. The adhesives yield good internal bond strength results for the panels, which are good enough to comfortably pass relevant international standard specifications for exterior‐grade panels. The adhesives also show sufficient reactivity to yield panels in press times comparable to that of formaldehyde‐based commercial adhesives. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1690–1699, 2007     

两级双液相萃取棉籽联产生物柴油和无毒棉粕

采用两级双液相萃取棉籽联产生物柴油和无毒棉粕。与一步双液相萃取法处理棉籽技术相比,该法在保持甲醇总量不变的基础上,将双液相萃取分为两级进行,二级萃取用的甲醇在完成了萃取功能以后再作为酯交换反应原料使用,不再需要重新加入新鲜的甲醇进行反应,减少了甲醇用量和溶剂再生的负荷。得出酯交换反应的最佳条件为:一级萃取甲醇用量为甲醇总量的60%,催化剂用量为棉籽油质量的1.1%,反应温度60℃,反应时间120 min。在最佳反应条件下,生物柴油产物中脂肪酸甲酯含量可达98.8%;萃取棉粕中游离棉酚含量为0.013%,符合美国国家棉籽产品协会的贸易标准,可用作动物饲料等。     

纳米材料在海洋无毒防污涂料中的应用

介绍了纳米技术与涂料改性的关系,综述了近年来改性海洋无毒防污涂料使用中的几种纳米材料,并分析了纳米材料改性海洋防污涂料存在的问题,对含有纳米材料组分的海洋无毒防污涂料提出开发环境友好型,并与纳米技术相结合低表面能防污涂料是未来发展方向.     

Near‐Infrared Activated Black Phosphorus as a Nontoxic Photo‐Oxidant for Alzheimer's Amyloid‑β Peptide

The inhibition of amyloid‐β (Aβ) aggregation by photo‐oxygenation has become an effective way of treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). New near‐infrared (NIR) activated treatment agents, which not only possess high photo‐oxygenation efficiency, but also show low biotoxicity, are urgently needed. Herein, for the first time, it is demonstrated that NIR activated black phosphorus (BP) could serve as an effective nontoxic photo‐oxidant for amyloid?β peptide in vitro and in vivo. The nanoplatform BP@BTA (BTA: one of thioflavin‐T derivatives) possesses high affinity to the Aβ peptide due to specific amyloid selectivity of BTA. Importantly, under NIR light, BP@BTA can significantly generate a high quantum yield of singlet oxygen (¹O₂) to oxygenate Aβ, thereby resulting in inhibiting the aggregation and attenuating Aβ‐induced cytotoxicity. In addition, BP could finally degrade into nontoxic phosphate, which guarantees the biosafety. Using transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans CL2006 as AD model, the results demonstrate that the ¹O₂‐generation system could dramatically promote life‐span extension of CL2006 strain by decreasing the neurotoxicity of Aβ.     

直接法合成环氧脂肪酸钙及其对PVC热稳定作用的研究

以一种简便的方法制备了环氧基保留完好的高纯度环氧脂肪酸钙.研究发现环氧脂肪酸钙对聚氯乙烯(PVC)的热稳定作用类似于硬脂酸钙,具有长期热稳定性的特征,但其热稳定效能明显优于后者,且具有较好的初期着色性.     

纳米ZnO催化合成无毒增塑剂柠檬酸三丁酯

以柠檬酸和正丁醇为原料，以纳米ZnO为催化剂催化合成无毒增塑剂柠檬酸三丁酯，探讨了催化剂用量、酸醇物质的量比、反应时间、反应温度对反应结果的影响，对合成的产品进行了红外光谱分析。实验结果表明，纳米ZnO催化合成柠檬酸三丁酯的最佳条件为n（柠檬酸）：n（正丁醇）：1：4．5，催化剂用量为柠檬酸质量的1．5％，反应时间为2．5h，反应温度为110—140％，酯化率可达97．23％，产品纯度〉99％。     

无毒防污涂料的研究进展

介绍了低表面能防污涂料、生物防污涂料、无毒硅酸盐防污涂料等新型的无毒防污涂料的研究进展，并展望了无毒防污涂料的发展趋势。     

20钢制纺织钢领C-N-RE共渗研究

为取代钢领生产厂家现行的碳氮共渗工艺,采用"无毒液体C-N-RE共渗"对20钢制纺织钢领进行了共渗试验,对共渗试样的显微组织、截面显微硬度、渗层碳浓度和稀土元素浓度进行了测定和研究。结果表明,经"无毒液体C-N-RE共渗"淬火后,20钢制纺织钢领的表面碳浓度大大增加,显微硬度大大提高,显微组织主要包含碳氮化合物、针状马氏体和残余奥氏体,稀土元素起到了良好的催渗作用。     

介绍国外最新几种船底防污涂料

介绍了日本和美国几种节能、环保型船底防污涂料,包括无毒防污剂。