紫外光接枝改性染料棉织物的性能分析

以2-甲基-3-丁烯-2-醇为单体,对C.I.活性红198染料进行改性,经紫外光引发将改性染料接枝到棉织物的表面而实现染色。在正交法和单因素法探讨得出的最佳工艺条件下,对光接枝染色的织物性能进行分析。结果表明,与浸染染色法相比较,光接枝染色织物的染色深度为浸染染色织物的63.4%,拉伸性能降低了3%,透气性减少了21.3%,柔软性能略下降,表面粗糙度增加。     

Zwitterionic sulfobetaine‐modified non‐woven fabric for blood filtration

Blood filtration requires a high removal ratio of leukocytes and with simultaneous high recovery ratio of platelets and other beneficial components. Problems are often encountered with blood filter materials in terms of high platelet loss. Zwitterions such as phosphorylcholine, sulfobetaine and carboxybetaine show effective resistance against protein adsorption and platelet adhesion. The study reported was aimed at achieving surface modification of poly(butylene terephthalate) non‐woven fabric (PBTNF) using UV radiation‐induced graft copolymerization of a zwitterionic sulfobetaine, N‐(3‐sulfopropyl)‐N‐methacroyloxyethyl‐N,N‐dimethylammonium betaine (SMDB), in order to improve the wettability and platelet recovery ratio of the PBTNF. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that SMDB was successfully grafted onto the PBTNF. Photoinitiator concentration, monomer concentration and UV irradiation time affected markedly the degree of grafting. Critical wetting surface tension, water wetting time and hemolysis tests showed an improvement in wettability and blood compatibility as a result of graft copolymerization of SMDB. A blood filter material composed of SMDB‐modified PBTNF reduced platelet adhesion and had higher platelet recovery compared to poly(acrylic acid)‐modified PBTNF. It was found that SMDB monomer was successfully grafted onto PBTNF using UV radiation. The degree of grafting of SMDB could be controlled by varying the photoinitiator concentration, monomer concentration and UV irradiation time. SMDB‐modified PBTNF showed significant improvement in wettability and blood compatibility. The zwitterionic structure of SMDB is resistant to platelet adhesion. The SMDB‐modified PBTNF could be a candidate for a blood filter material and in other medical applications. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

Surface photografting polymerization of trimethylolpropane triacrylate onto LDPE substrate in tetrahydrofuran/water mixtures

A surface photografting polymerization (λ > 300 nm) of a multifunctional monomer which was trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), was conducted with benzophenone (BP) as photoinitiator and LDPE as model substrate, in mixed solvents containing tetrahydrofuran (THF) and water. Proved by ATR‐IR, highly crosslinked grafted layer was generated rapidly under UV irradiation. Effects on percent conversion of grafting are detailed with, such as feed ratio of BP to TMPTA, mass percent of TMPTA in the reaction system, mass percent of water in the mixed solvents and addition of the second monomer, methyl methacrylate (MMA). As both verified by SEM and AFM, relatively planar grafted layer was produced when photografting was carried out merely in THF; adding water in the reaction system caused the formation of “craters” in the grafted layer. In addition, effects of mass percent of water in the mixed solvents, UV irradiation time, TMPTA concentration and addition of MMA on the size, shape and quantity of the “craters” were investigated by SEM. A plausible mechanism for the formation of “craters” is also proposed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

Study of oxidation after monoacrylate grafting on polyethylene

BACKGROUND: The surface properties of high‐density polyethylene and linear low‐density polyethylene were modified by grafting urethane monoacrylate monomer under UV irradiation. This graft polymerization was carried out on native substrates and on substrates pre‐treated by wet oxidation, for different oxidation times. RESULTS: As the urethane monacrylate layer is crosslinked, its grafting efficiency was checked by dissolving the polyethylene substrates in hot toluene. Grafting was evidenced by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of the obtained residues, which showed that both the characteristic urethane acrylate (3350 cm^?1) and polyethylene (2920, 730 and 720 cm^?1) bands were observable for any polyethylene oxidation time. For an oxidation time longer than 10 hours, acrylate grafting was homogeneous and the grafted surface was smooth with a roughness of less than 10 nm. In addition, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of the residues revealed that O/C had an average value of 0.19, which is lower than the value corresponding to pure acrylate (0.42), whereas N/C had an average value of 0.068, also lower than that of pure acrylate (0.09), thus confirming the grafting. CONCLUSION: A urethane monoacrylate layer was grafted on native and oxidized polyethylene films. For highly oxidized films, the grafted surfaces are smooth and homogeneous. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

基于腺嘌呤核苷酸单体的光接枝生态阻燃棉织物制备及其性能

为了提高核糖核酸(RNA)单元应用于棉织物阻燃整理的耐久性以及降低生物阻燃成本,采用烯丙基溴对RNA单元衍生物5'-腺嘌呤核苷酸(AMP)进行改性制备生物阻燃单体。通过紫外光接枝法将AMP单体和AMP单体/丙烯酰胺分别接枝到纯棉织物上,制备了光接枝AMP单体和光接枝AMP单体/丙烯酰胺阻燃棉织物。对阻燃单体化学结构进行了表征。测试了纯棉织物及阻燃棉织物的阻燃性能。研究结果表明:AMP单体中成功引入不饱和双键;2种光接枝阻燃棉织物的分解温度均低于纯棉织物,阻燃棉织物的失重率降低;光接枝AMP单体/丙烯酰胺阻燃棉织物的续燃时间及阴燃时间可降低至0 s,AMP单体与丙烯酰胺之间存在一定的协效阻燃作用且可降低成本。     

紫外光引发低密度聚乙烯接枝聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺的温敏改性

以二苯甲酮(BP)为光敏剂,采用两步表面光接枝法将N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAAm)单体接枝到低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)表面,赋予LDPE表面温敏性。通过红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜等对LDPE-g-PNIPAAm的结构进行了表征;采用调制差示扫描量热分析技术和表面水接触角测定法研究了LDPE-g-PNIPAAm的温敏性;讨论了引发剂浓度、光还原时间、单体浓度和光照时间对接枝率的影响。结果表明,LDPE-g-PNIPAAm具有温敏亲/疏水性,其低临界溶解温度(LCST)在33℃左右。增加引发剂浓度、单体浓度、延长光还原时间和光照时间都能使接枝率增加;且可以通过调节这4种因素来控制接枝率。     

Ultraviolet-initiated photografting of glycidyl methacrylate onto styrene–butadiene rubber

Photografting reaction onto styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) as a function of monomer concentration, grafting method, irradiation time, and the carbon black content has been studied using ultraviolet (UV). Glycidyl methacrylate and benzophenone are used as monomer and initiator, respectively. The occurrence of graft reaction onto SBR surface is identified by infrared attenuated total reflection (IR-ATR) analysis. The degree of monomer graft increases with monomer concentration and tends to level off at high monomer concentration (>8.3M/L). Graft ratio also increases with UV irradiation time. Carbon black content is found as one of important factors that determine the monomer graft efficiency. The amount of monomer graft onto SBR decreases with increasing carbon black content and it is attributed to the reduction of irradiation absorbance due to the presence of carbon black. The occurrence of reaction between glycidyl methacrylate grafted SBR and nylon-6 via melt phase reaction is also identified using IR-ATR analysis. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 73: 1733–1739, 1999     

Surface functionalization of poly(lactic acid) film by UV‐photografting of N‐vinylpyrrolidone

The photoinitiated grafting of N‐vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) onto poly(lactic acid) (PLA) film with the use of benzophenone (BP) as the initiator, modified the natural hydrophobic PLA behavior to an hydrophilic film with desirable wettability. The surface photografting parameters‐percent conversion of monomer to overall photopolymerization (Cp), percent conversion of monomer to the photograft polymerization (Cg), and grafting efficiency (Eg) were calculated. The resulting film surface was analyzed using ATR‐FTIR and UV spectroscopy, derivative spectroscopy and water contact angle. Besides, we demonstrated that the grafted polyvinylpyrrolidone chains could easily react with iodine to form a complex as the homopolymer does with antibacterial activity. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Improvement of physico-mechanical properties of jute yarn by photografting with 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propylmethacrylate

Jute yarns were treated with an alkoxy silane monomer 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propylmethacrylate under UV radiation. The monomer concentration and radiation intensity were optimized with respect to the extent of grafting and mechanical properties of the grafted (silanized) jute yarn. The enhanced tensile strength by 159%, elongation-at-break (237%) and polymer grafting (26.2%) were observed when the yarn was treated at 30 wt% silane in methanol under UV radiation for 30 min. The surfaces of both treated and untreated jute yarns were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) and it was concluded that the silane reacted or deposited on jute surface as a result of UV radiation. Water uptake and degradation properties of untreated and silanized jute yarn were studied in various conditions such as simulated weathering and in soil containing 25% water. The silanized jute yarn showed lesser water uptake as well as less weight loss and mechanical properties as compared to virgin samples.