甘肃竹叶椒乙醇提取物化学成分研究

应用GC—MS联用技术分离鉴定甘肃竹叶椒果皮、叶和种子乙醇提取物的化学成分。从竹叶椒果皮、叶和种子乙醇提取物中分别鉴定出30、39和34个峰,被鉴定出化学成分的相对含量分别占总量的90.3%、89.8%和93.9%。竹叶椒果皮、叶和种子中含量较高的化学成分分别是:4-甲基-1-异丙基-3-环己烯醇(8.9%)、4-亚甲基-1-异丙基二环[3.1.0]己-3-醇(8.8%);烷烃类(19.0%)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(12.2%)、反-9-十八碳烯酸(11.4%);5-烯丙基-1,3-苯并二(?)茂(12.9%)、3,7-二甲基-1,6- 辛二烯-3-醇(12.6%)、烷烃类(11.8%)、4-甲氧基-6-烯丙基-1,3-苯并二(?)茂(10.5%)。     

PBS/天然虎杖提取物复合材料的界面作用及其性能

将天然虎杖提取物(PCSZ)与可生物降解材料聚丁二酸丁二酯(PBS)复合,为了提高两者之间的相容性,采用硅烷偶联剂KH–550对提取物进行预处理,通过分子模拟阐明了PCSZ,KH–550与PBS间的界面作用,探讨了界面作用对PBS/PCSZ,PBS/KH–550改性PCSZ(PCSZ+K)复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,PCSZ只与PBS进行了共混,偶联剂对提取物进行预处理时,其乙氧基发生了水解。分子模拟表明提取物与PBS能够形成C=O…H—O;而偶联剂与提取物之间首先形成H—O…H—O,再通过偶联剂有机官能团—NH2与PBS形成静电吸附,同时未与偶联剂作用的提取物仍可与PBS形成C=O…H—O,增强了界面结合强度。PBS/PCSZ+K复合材料的混合能和Huggins参数相对于PBS/PCSZ复合材料更低,其相容性更好,使得PBS/PCSZ+K复合材料的热稳定性、拉伸性能、疏水性均较PBS/PCSZ复合材料有所提高。     

野生软枣猕猴桃果醋饮料的研制

以野生软枣猕猴桃为主要原料,经酒精发酵、醋酸发酵后获得果醋,然后与其他配料混合调配成较高品质的果醋饮料,通过正交试验等进行优化,确定出最佳工艺条件和配方.     

低沸点溶剂萃取植物营养油

利用低沸点溶剂萃取技术 ,对 3种植物油进行提取和精炼试验 ,获得高质量的精制油。结果表明 :紫苏籽精制油中含α 亚麻酸 5 5 % ,油酸 2 0 % ,亚油酸 1 2 % ,是富含α 亚麻酸的油品之一 ;紫草籽精制油中含γ 亚麻酸 1 3 5 % ,α 亚麻酸 3 1 % ,油酸 1 2 % ,亚油酸 2 1 6% ,是迄今为止发现的γ 亚麻酸含量最高的油品之一 ;碱蓬籽精制油中含亚油酸 70 % ,油酸 1 1 % ,α 亚麻酸 6% ,说明碱蓬籽油具有很好的营养价值。     

高效液相色谱-光电二极管阵列检测器法测定野山楂中两组分的含量

【摘要】 建立高效液相色谱法测定了野山楂中乌索酸和齐墩果酸的含量,同时采用光电二极管阵列检测器检测两组分的紫外光谱。色谱柱为NucleosilC18柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-水(87:13,V/V),流速0.8ml/min,检测波长210nm,柱温26℃。乌索酸在0.1244～2.488μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9996),平均回收率为98.1%。齐墩果酸在0.1192～2.384μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999),平均回收率为101.2%。方法简便、准确、重现性好、线性范围宽,适用于测定野山楂中乌索酸和齐墩果酸的含量。     

芭蕉的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性

利用体外α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制模型对芭蕉花与根提取物进行活性评价,并与阳性对照Acarbose比较,发现芭蕉花与根提取物均能抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性。除芭蕉花的乙酸乙酯和正丁醇提取物外,其他提取物活性均远大于阳性对照Acarbose(IC50=1103.01μg·mL-1)。其中,芭蕉根和花的石油醚提取物的活性最高(IC50=32.03μg·mL-1和49.37μg·mL-1)。不同部位比较,芭蕉根的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性好于花;同一部位不同溶剂的提取物比较,石油醚提取物α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性高于乙酸乙酯和正丁醇提取物。     

武陵青花椒壳挥发油成分及脂肪酸分析

分别采用水蒸气蒸馏法和同时蒸馏萃取法提取武陵青花椒壳中的挥发油成分,提取率分别为6.4%和8.5%。再用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对挥发油成分进行分析,用峰面积归一化法确定各组分的相对含量。两种方法均鉴定出43种化合物,其中水蒸气蒸馏法以β-芳樟醇(66.91%)、反式-橙花叔醇(6.28%)、D-柠檬烯(5.24%)、4-萜烯醇(2.6%)为主,同时蒸馏萃取法以β-芳樟醇(64.32%)、D-柠檬烯(5.97%)、反式-橙花叔醇(4.17%)、反式-9-十八烯酸(3.09%)为主。同时对挥发油进行甲酯化,然后用GC-MS对挥发油中含有的脂肪酸进行了分析,共分离鉴定出6种脂肪酸。结果表明:两种方法提取的挥发油的组成及含量存在差异,挥发油中主要为不饱和脂肪酸。水蒸气蒸馏法对无极性和弱极性的萜烯和萜醇类化合物提取效果较好,而同时蒸馏萃取法适于各种极性化合物,对极性稍强的脂肪酸和酯类有较好的提取效果。     

Optimization of extraction and determination of emodin from Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. products by HPLC-DAD

A uniform experimental design procedure was used to investigate the effects of some operating parameters on the extraction of emodin from Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. products. Variables tested were volume ratio of material to solvent, size of material, extraction time and temperature and composition of extraction solvent （mixtures of acetone-water）. Each variable was tested at seven levels; 7 experiments were performed in random order. Analyses of the extracts were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection（HPLC-DAD）. Analytical responses were processed by using a forward regression analysis, in order to find polynomial function describing the relationship between variables and responses. For all the analytes the experimental conditions for providing the highest extraction yield inside the experimental domain considered were found. Finally, a simple, rapid and accurate analytical method was developed for the determination of emodin by high performance liquid chromatography. The separation is achieved within 25 rain on an ODS column using methanol and water as gradient mobiles. Emodin can be quantified by using external standard method detecting at 436 nm. Good linearity is obtained with correlation coefficient exceeding 0.9986 and the detection limit and the quantification limit are 1.53 and 3.23 mg/L respectively. This method shows good reproducibility for the quantification of the emodin with intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviation less than 2.3% and 5.6% respectively. Under optimized extraction conditions, the recovery of the standard is 96.5%. The validated method is successfully applied to quantify the emodin in seven Polygonum cuspidatum sieb. Et zucc. products, which provided an idea for the pre-treatment of determination of active compounds in traditional Chinese medicines.