Tailored-Made Polydopamine Nanoparticles to Induce Ferroptosis in Breast Cancer Cells in Combination with Chemotherapy

Ferroptosis is gaining followers as mechanism of selective killing cancer cells in a non-apoptotic manner, and novel nanosystems capable of inducing this iron-dependent death are being increasingly developed. Among them, polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) are arousing interest, since they have great capability of chelating iron. In this work, PDA NPs were loaded with Fe³⁺ at different pH values to assess the importance that the pH may have in determining their therapeutic activity and selectivity. In addition, doxorubicin was also loaded to the nanoparticles to achieve a synergist effect. The in vitro assays that were performed with the BT474 and HS5 cell lines showed that, when Fe³⁺ was adsorbed in PDA NPs at pH values close to which Fe(OH)₃ begins to be formed, these nanoparticles had greater antitumor activity and selectivity despite having chelated a smaller amount of Fe³⁺. Otherwise, it was demonstrated that Fe³⁺ could be released in the late endo/lysosomes thanks to their acidic pH and their Ca²⁺ content, and that when Fe³⁺ was co-transported with doxorubicin, the therapeutic activity of PDA NPs was enhanced. Thus, reported PDA NPs loaded with both Fe³⁺ and doxorubicin may constitute a good approach to target breast tumors.     

Silver-plated polyamide fabrics with high electromagnetic shielding effectiveness performance prepared by in situ reduction of polydopamine and chemical silvering

In this article, the silver-plated polyamide fabrics (SPPAFs) with high electroconductibility and shielding effectiveness were fabricated by using in situ reduction of polydopamine and chemical silvering. The effects of SPPAFs dopamine (C₈H₁₁O₂N) and silver nitrate (AgNO₃) concentration on surface resistivity and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness were studied. The results showed that the surface resistivity of SPPAFs can reach a minimum value of 0.06 ± 0.014 Ω cm⁻¹, when C₈H₁₁O₂N concentration is 4 g L⁻¹ and the AgNO₃ concentration is 120 g L⁻¹. The shielding effectiveness of SPPAFs in the wide frequency range of 10–3000 MHz increases with the increase in the concentration of AgNO₃, and increases first and stabilizes afterward with increasing C₈H₁₁O₂N concentration. When the concentration of C₈H₁₁O₂N and AgNO₃ is 3 and 120 g L⁻¹, respectively, mean shielding effectiveness values in the low-, medium-, and high-frequency bands are 71.3, 73.8, and 76.1 dB, respectively. Moreover, the mean shielding effectiveness values is 83.79 dB in the frequency range of 1.2–2.3 GHz. The dominant shielding mechanism of SPPAFs is the reflected electromagnetic waves and the absorption shielding effectiveness is less than 2 dB. The average electromagnetic shielding values of SPPAFs are above 67 dB after 16 weeks of storage, when C₈H₁₁O₂N concentration is 4 g L⁻¹ and the AgNO₃ concentration is 80 and 100 g L⁻¹. The prepared SPPAFs show promising applications in military textiles and smart wearable clothing. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 48227.     

仿生黏附性聚多巴胺丁香酚抑菌微胶囊的制备

以丁香酚（EO）为芯材,多巴胺（DA）为壳材,通过乳液模板-界面聚合法成功制备出尺寸可控的聚多巴胺丁香酚（PDA@EO）微胶囊。通过FTIR、TG、UV-Vis、SEM和TEM对微胶囊的化学结构、形貌、粒径及性能进行表征和分析,结果表明,所制备的微胶囊呈规整球形,粒径在55～94 nm之间,丁香酚包封率为25.35%,包封量为0.6288 g/g,24 h时累积释放率达到68.39%。通过对比实验证明,PDA@EO微胶囊在不同材料表面均具有优异的黏附性能;作用于口腔感染部位常见细菌金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌24 h,PDA@EO微胶囊较游离丁香酚的抑菌活性分别提高了36.84%和35.52%;当微胶囊质量浓度达到2.0 g/L时,PDA@EO微胶囊对两种细菌的抑菌活性均达到99%以上。     

Immobilization of Pt Nanoparticles via Rapid and Reusable Electropolymerization of Dopamine on TiO2 Nanotube Arrays for Reversible SERS Substrates and Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensors

Inspired by mussel‐adhesion phenomena in nature, polydopamine (PDA) coatings are a promising route to multifunctional platforms for decorating various materials. The typical self‐polymerization process of dopamine is time‐consuming and the coatings of PDA are not reusable. Herein, a reusable and time‐saving strategy for the electrochemical polymerization of dopamine (EPD) is reported. The PDA layer is deposited on vertically aligned TiO₂ nanotube arrays (NTAs). Owing to the abundant catechol and amine groups in the PDA layer, uniform Pt nanoparticles (NPs) are deposited onto the TiO₂ NTAs and can effectively prevent the recombination of electron–hole pairs generated from photo‐electrocatalysis and transfer the captured electrons to participate in the photo‐electrocatalytic reaction process. Compared with pristine TiO₂ NTAs, the as‐prepared Pt@TiO₂ NTA composites exhibit surface‐enhanced Raman scattering sensitivity for detecting rhodamine 6G and display excellent UV‐assisted self‐cleaning ability, and also show promise as a nonenzymatic glucose biosensor. Furthermore, the mussel‐inspired electropolymerization strategy and the fast EPD‐reduced nanoparticle decorating process presented herein can be readily extended to various functional substrates, such as conductive glass, metallic oxides, and semiconductors. It is the adaptation of the established PDA system for a selective, robust, and generalizable sensing system that is the emphasis of this work.     

Design of active and stable oxygen reduction reaction catalysts by embedding Co<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript>O<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">y</Emphasis></Subscript> nanoparticles into nitrogen-doped carbon

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is essential in research pertaining to life science and energy. In applications, platinum-based catalysts give ideal reactivity, but, in practice, are often subject to high costs and poor stability. Some cost-efficient transition metal oxides have exhibited excellent ORR reactivity, but the stability and durability of such alternative catalyst materials pose serious challenges. Here, we present a facile method to fabricate uniform Co _x O _y nanoparticles and embed them into N-doped carbon, which results in a composite of extraordinary stability and durability, while maintaining its high reactivity. The half-wave potential shows a negative shift of only 21 mV after 10,000 cycles, only one third of that observed for Pt/C (63 mV). Furthermore, after 100,000 s testing at a constant potential, the current decreases by only 17%, significantly less than for Pt/C (35%). The exceptional stability and durability results from the system architecture, which comprises a thin carbon shell that prevents agglomeration of the Co _x O _y nanoparticles and their detaching from the substrate.

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Preparation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid loaded on cysteamine-modified polydopamine and its release behaviors

With dopamine as the monomer, the model pesticide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4D) was loaded on cysteamine (NHSH)-modified polydopamine (PDA) nanospheres [2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid bound to cysteamine-modified polydopamine (2,4D–PDA–NHSH)] via the construction of amide bonds. We investigated the materials’ structure, adhesive capability, and release behaviors, especially the mechanism of the release processes. The results demonstrate that the materials were spherical in appearance and adhesive. 2,4D loaded on the PDA vehicle was amorphous in structure. The amide bond between PDA and 2,4D generated by NHSH not only enhanced the loading amount of PDA from 296.28 to 692.56 mg/g but also decreased the thermal stability from 291 to 230 °C. The 2,4D–PDA–NHSH showed no pH responsiveness, whereas the PDA system without NHSH modification exhibited pH sensitivity. A mechanism for the observed behaviors was suggested. First-order, logistic, Weibull, and Korsmeyer–Peppas models were applied to describe the release behaviors at different pH values. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47469.     

基于普鲁士蓝/聚多巴胺/纳米金纳米粒子构建的电流型免疫传感器

首先制备普鲁士蓝纳米粒子(PB),通过利用多巴胺(DA)自氧化聚合形成聚多巴胺膜(Dopa)的特性,在PB纳米粒子表面包覆成膜,有效增加PB的稳定性,并在氯金酸溶液中原位还原沉积金纳米粒子,利用纳米金固定化甲胎蛋白抗体(anti-AFP),制得灵敏度高和稳定性好的无标记免疫传感器。采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)对纳米粒子进行表征,采用循环伏安法(CV)和交流阻抗法(EIS)考察修饰电极的电化学特性,实验结果表明,PB-Dopa-Au纳米粒子修饰的电极在实验过程中呈现出良好的氧化还原活性,对甲胎蛋白的检测范围为0.02~80 ng/mL检出限为0.01ng/mL。     

UV‐Triggered Polydopamine Secondary Modification: Fast Deposition and Removal of Metal Nanoparticles

Since the first report in 2007, polydopamine (PDA) coating has shown great potential as a general and versatile method to create functional nanocoatings on arbitrary substrates. Slow kinetics and poor controllability of the coating and secondary modification processes, however, have limited the further development of this attractive method. In this work, it is demonstrated that UV irradiation at 365 nm significantly accelerates the process of secondary modification of a PDA‐coated surface. The kinetics of both thiol and amine modifications of PDA are increased 12‐fold via UV irradiation, while the kinetics of metal ion reduction at the PDA interface is increased more than 550 times. Moreover, it is demonstrated that irradiating a PDA/metal nanoparticle composite surface with UV light at 254 nm leads to dissolution of the deposited metal nanoparticles (MNPs). Finally, grayscale metallic patterns, dynamic deposition, and removal of MNPs on PDA surface are realized with the proposed method.