水量还原方法及合理性检查

文中详细地阐述了取河水、井水、水库水、跨流城引(排)水等不同情况进行还原的具体方法步骤。并对水量还原成果提出合理性检查措施。     

Adaptive flexibility and maladaptive routines in selecting fast and frugal decision strategies.

Decision routines unburden the cognitive capacity of the decision maker. In changing environments, however, routines may become maladaptive. In 2 experiments with a hypothetical stock market game (n = 241), the authors tested whether decision routines tend to persist at the level of decision strategies rather than at the level of options in strategy selection. The payoff structure of the task was changed after 80 decision trials, rendering a new strategy optimal with respect to expected payoff. Whereas most participants detected the appropriate strategy at the beginning of the task, they tended to retain it even when it was no longer optimal. A hint about a possible change had only a small influence on this maladaptive routine; a monetary incentive had none. Switching to a similar but not identical task relaxed the routine, but not much. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comments on Debra Hull's concept of rationality.

D. B. Hull (1988) misinterprets "rationality" as used in rational-emotive therapy (RET) in her critique of the present author's (1987) article. As used in RET, rational not only means derived from reason, but also means efficiently aiding human happiness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

齿轮类零件电子束焊接结构的合理性分析

综述了齿轮类传动零部件采用电子束焊接加工的优越性，指出零件在不同结构尺寸、不同使用环境以及不同工艺状态下应选用与电子束焊接工艺相适应的焊缝结构，并对不同零件的焊缝接头结构形式的合理性进行了深入分析。     

引江济淮工程水源区论证分析

水源区论证是引调水工程前期工作的重要内容。引江济淮工程调水规模大且水源区受影响因素多、影响涉及范围广,因此,对该工程水源区进行论证较为复杂。在开展有关规划依据、经济社会发展需求分析的基础上,对引江济淮工程进行了取水合理性分析;在考虑规划水平年工程取水水源论证范围内水库群的联合调度、增耗水以及跨流域调水等因素的基础上,对水源的可靠性进行了分析,同时,也对工程给水源区水文情势、水域主要功能和纳污能力、咸潮上溯等方面可能受到的影响进行了分析研究。分析结果表明,引江济淮工程取水合理、水源可靠、对水源区造成的影响较小。     

考虑停车位不足的出发时刻选择问题

针对目的地停车位不足,出行者如何选择出发时刻的问题,在有限理性视野下综合考虑道路拥堵状况、出行者个人感知差异、目的地车位供给状况以及无法停入合法停车位后将受到惩罚等因素对出行者出发时刻选择的影响.依据前景理论设计实验,通过调查获取出行者出发时刻选择意向数据,构建出行者出发时刻选择模型.研究结果表明:停车位剩余状况影响出行者对出行结果的满意程度以及下一次出行决策.出行者出行结果满意度随着目的地剩余车位的减少而降低,当出行者的出行结果为满意时,出行者下一次出行由倾向于早到逐渐变为倾向于晚到.在车位不足,不能合法停车的情况下,不同的惩罚措施会影响到出行者下一次出发时刻的决策结果,惩罚越严重,出行者越倾向于早出发.     

全方位展开大学的科学理性教育

过去的大学教育并非完全没有科学理性的因素 ,但由于那时要么仅仅将科学理性归结为技术理性 ,要么仅仅涉及到科学理性的某些方面 ,因此 ,我们今天特别强调要全方位地展开科学理性教育     

Case‐based approach for supporting strategy decision making

The practice of strategy decision making proves that when the management board is strongly limited in its capacity to take rational actions, specifically in the context of great decision complexity and uncertainty, it is considered good practice to refer to experience through reasoning by analogy. In this paper, we would like to concentrate on supporting strategic decisions in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The complexity of analogy‐based reasoning has its roots in an attempt to solve new problems based on past cases from a different domain, while we will focus on case‐based approach for a single domain. Additionally, we have chosen case‐based reasoning as a suitable decision‐making paradigm because it is corresponds to managers’ decision‐making behaviour. We present the STRATEGOS case‐based reasoning system for supporting strategic decision making by SMEs management boards and then the system evaluation by the dozens of chief executive officers (CEOs) from SMEs is presented. The results of the survey are promising and show the remarkable correspondence of the proposed solution with expectations and strategic behaviour of CEOs.     

核电厂用水合理性分析及体会

岭澳核电站三期扩建工程属滨海核电工程。滨海地区一般水资源相对紧缺,而且我国尚未制定核电行业的用水定额标准,因此,如何合理地评价核电工程的设计用水水平是核电水资源论证的重点和难点。根据核电施工期较长的特点及项目工期安排,分施工期、调试期、正常运行期及可能组合,论证了项目用水的合理性,并对已建成的核电站的历史用水量进行了调查研究,分析了项目的节水潜力,提出了合理的取用水量,可为核电厂水资源论证提供参考。     

The influence of user cognition on consumption decision-making from the perspective of bounded rationality

Consumer decision-making is related to the success or failure of enterprises, and products that cater to the cognitive preferences of users have become a focus of current research. Based on the theory of bounded rationality, this paper explores the cognitive process of consumer decision-making. Then, how product shape affects consumption decision-making is analyzed with eye-tracking technology. Finally, the design principle of the product form is further explored. The results demonstrate the following: (1) the perceptual cognition of users has a driving effect on consumption behavior; (2) as a key factor affecting the perceptual cognition of users, product form affects consumer decision-making by influencing the degree of approach motivation; (3) by establishing the mapping relationship between product form elements and user images, the principles of product form design can be more consistent with user image preferences. This study provides useful suggestions for how to increase the purchase behavior of users from the perspective of bounded rationality.