Unconditioned sexual incentive motivation in the male Norway Rat (Rattus norvegicus).

Sexual incentive motivation was evaluated in a procedure consisting of a large open field where incentive animals were confined behind wire mesh openings. When sexually inexperienced male rats (Rattus norvegicus) were exposed to the receptive female-male incentives, they spent more time close to the female. If the incentives were receptive female-nonreceptive female, the receptive female was preferred. However, when the alternatives were nonreceptive female-male, no preference was obtained. Castration abolished preference for the receptive female, and treatment with testosterone propionate restored it. Estradiol plus oil is as efficient as estradiol plus progesterone for giving the ovariectomized female incentive properties. The living female can be replaced with female odor. Sexual experience did not have any long-term effects on the female's incentive value, but immediately preceding limited sexual activity enhanced it. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Making the implicit,explicit: time for renegotiating the urban water supply hydrosocial contract?

Today's modern cities' ‘big-pipes in, big-pipes out’ potable water supply approach does not offer society the resilience for adaptation to future climate challenges. One approach towards building resilience would involve cities adopting diverse, alternative water supplies; such as recycled wastewater, greywater and stormwater, within a fit-for-purpose philosophy, incorporating a mix of centralised and decentralised technologies. Globally, modern cities have limited on-ground experience with such complex approaches, despite ad-hoc policy rhetoric to the contrary and multiple technological options. Through considering the implicit and technocratic hydrosocial contract underpinning the current ‘big pipes’ approach, it appears the judgement and advice of ‘water experts’ is a significant determinant regarding opportunities for realising more resilient water supplies. Contrasting primary and secondary survey data from water experts and communities across Australian cities in relation to their receptivity to alternative water supplies; it is evident that community members are far more receptive than water experts expect. Thus, this difference in perception is potentially a significant barrier to realising a resilient approach. Path-dependant decision-making and practice is pervasive throughout the urban water field, and while the physical artefact of the traditional water supply system remains largely invisible and disconnected from communities, it is the implicit hydrosocial contract that keeps water experts disconnected from communities. Based on evidence presented in this paper, shifting the current hydrosocial contract to a more resilient approach is vulnerable to business as usual. Recommendations are offered for fundamentally reshaping this contract through deliberative processes that work towards enabling co-governance, co-design and co-management of this alternative and complex water supply approach into the future.     

影响Mo-Cu合金电热性能的因素

主要叙述了适用封接用Mo-Cu导热导电性能的测定方法，论述了Cu和Ni含量对钼铜合金热电性能的影响：机械活化处理及热处理等因素对钼铜合金热电性能的影响。认为Ni等少量杂质元素的加入，Mo-Cu合金材料的热电性能降低；机械活化处理使Mo-Cu合金的热导和导电性能下降；Cu含量的加入和适当的热处理使Mo-Cu合金的热电性能提高。     

Towards a framework of clean energy technology receptivity

Technology invention, innovation and transfer have been a constant of human evolution. Facing humanity is the threat of anthropogenic climate change, the solution to which is to reduce the rate at which greenhouse gasses (GHGs) are building up in the atmosphere and to deal with the impacts of climate variability and change. To deal with the global crisis requires technology invention, innovation and transfer and changes in behaviour that reduce the GHGs intensity of energy services. Meanwhile, the poverty reduction and development agenda are being shaped by the Millennium Development Goals, which slowly appears to be gaining buy-in. The question is how will the accelerated receipt of cleaner energy technologies can be successfully achieved in marginalised communities in developing countries? The paper considers a range of drivers, case studies and projects that are being undertaken as early Clean Development Mechanism experiments under the banner of the International SouthSouthNorth Group. It discusses the drivers of technology transfer and starts to unpack the elements of successful receptivity through selection and ownership of the newly introduced environmentally safe technologies (ESTs) for the provision of energy services.     

铜对碳纤维/酚醛树脂受电弓滑板材料的性能影响

采用热压烧结法制备了碳纤维织物/酚醛树脂(PE)受电弓滑板复合材料,研究了Cu对碳纤维织物/PE受电弓滑板复合材料的电阻率、密度和力学性能的影响。采用万能材料试验机、电阻测试仪测试了复合材料的力学性能和电学性能,用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析测试手段对材料的组成结构及断口微观形貌等进行了测试和表征。结果表明,铜粉经高温烧结后呈连续三维网状结构,这种结构与碳纤维织物协调作用,阻止裂纹扩展,提高了复合材料的力学性能;当铜含量为40%时,复合滑板材料的综合性能最优:电阻率降至22.1μΩ.m;弯曲强度和压缩强度分别提高至61.8MPa和29.6MPa;冲击韧性达到12.7 J/cm3。     

加氢基础油对极压抗磨剂及金属钝化剂感受性的研究

加氢基础油具有许多溶剂基础油不可比拟的优点,但由于加氢基础油的组成与溶剂精制基础油的组成差别较大,通过加氢基础油对极压抗磨剂、金属钝化剂等添加剂感受性的研究,结果表明,加氢基础油对极压抗磨剂的感受性优于溶剂基础油,对金属钝化剂的感受性逊于溶剂基础油。     

Biomolecular Markers of Recurrent Implantation Failure—A Review

Currently, infertility affects 8–12% of reproductive age couples worldwide, a problem that also affects women suffering from recurrent implantation failure (RIF). RIF is a complex condition resulting from many physiological and molecular mechanisms involving dynamic endometrium–blastocyst interaction. The most important are the endometrial receptivity process, decidualization, trophoblast invasion, and blastocyst nesting. Although the exact multifactorial pathogenesis of RIF remains unclear, many studies have suggested the association between hormone level imbalance, disturbances of angiogenic and immunomodulatory factors, certain genetic polymorphisms, and occurrence of RIF. These studies were performed in quite small groups. Additionally, the results are inconsistent between ethnicities. The present review briefly summarizes the importance of factors involved in RIF development that could also serve as diagnostic determinants. Moreover, our review could constitute part of a new platform for discovery of novel diagnostic and therapeutic solutions for RIF.     

Essential Role of CRIM1 on Endometrial Receptivity in Goat

In domestic ruminants, endometrial receptivity is related to successful pregnancy and economic efficiency. Despite several molecules having been reported in the past regarding endometrial receptivity regulation, much regarding the mechanism of endometrial receptivity regulation remains unknown due to the complex nature of the trait. In this work, we demonstrated that the cysteine-rich transmembrane bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) regulator 1 (CRIM1) served as a novel regulator in the regulation of goat endometrial receptivity in vitro. Our results showed that hormones and IFN-τ increased the expression of CRIM1 in goat endometrial epithelial cells (EECs). Knockdown of CRIM1 via specific shRNA hindered cell proliferation, cell adhesion and prostaglandins (PGs) secretion and thus derailed normal endometrial receptivity. We further confirmed that receptivity defect phenotypes due to CRIM1 interference were restored by ATG7 overexpression in EECs while a loss of ATG7 further impaired receptivity phenotypes. Moreover, our results showed that changing the expression of ATG7 affected the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Moreover, mR-143-5p was shown to be a potential upstream factor of CRIM1-regulated endometrial receptivity in EECs. Overall, these results suggest that CRIM1, as the downstream target of miR-143-5p, has effects on ATG7-dependent autophagy, regulating cell proliferation, cell adhesion and PG secretion, and provides a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of early pregnancy failure and for improving the success rates of artificial reproduction.     

A rapid mixing process in continuous operation under periodic forcing

We introduce a simple and powerful new process for mixing two fluid streams introduced into a pipe via a splitter plate. We demonstrate that the fluids can be thoroughly mixed (at least on large scale) within one pipe diameter downstream of the splitter. Mixing is controlled via periodic velocity forcing of one of the input streams, and is due to amplification of the perturbation as described by instability and receptivity theory. The effectiveness of the mixing depends strongly and non-trivially on the perturbation frequency and amplitude, which distinguishes this method from simple mechanical stirring. The method is effective even at relatively low Reynolds numbers, where laminar flow is observed in the absence of the forcing. Fast mixing can be obtained for different initial velocity ratios of the two inlet streams, rendering the mixing process relatively versatile. Here the mixing method is demonstrated, and potential issues for industrial application are discussed.     

胶印新闻纸油墨接受性能的初步研究

提出了用饱和密度和密度平滑度两个参数综合评价胶印新闻纸的油墨接受性能。参数Ｄ∞和ｍ的值借助ＩＧＦ印刷适性仪印刷纸样便可确定。在本研究中，用此法成功地区分了四种具有不同表面特性的胶印新闻纸，并就Ｄ∞、ｍ对印刷品质量的影响及多色胶印中湿排斥对油墨接受性的影响进行了讨论。