Model repair — aligning process models to reality

Process mining techniques relate observed behavior (i.e., event logs) to modeled behavior (e.g., a BPMN model or a Petri net). Process models can be discovered from event logs and conformance checking techniques can be used to detect and diagnose differences between observed and modeled behavior. Existing process mining techniques can only uncover these differences, but the actual repair of the model is left to the user and is not supported. In this paper we investigate the problem of repairing a process model w.r.t. a log such that the resulting model can replay the log (i.e., conforms to it) and is as similar as possible to the original model. To solve the problem, we use an existing conformance checker that aligns the runs of the given process model to the traces in the log. Based on this information, we decompose the log into several sublogs of non-fitting subtraces. For each sublog, either a loop is discovered that can replay the sublog or a subprocess is derived that is then added to the original model at the appropriate location. The approach is implemented in the process mining toolkit ProM and has been validated on logs and models from several Dutch municipalities.     

Separation of hematite from banded hematite jasper (BHJ) by magnetic coating

The separation of iron oxide from banded hematite jasper(BHJ) assaying 47.8% Fe, 25.6% Si O2 and 2.30%Al2O3 using selective magnetic coating was studied. Characterization studies of the low grade ore indicate that besides hematite and goethite,jasper, a microcrystalline form of quartzite, is the major impurity associated with this ore. Beneficiation by conventional magnetic separation technique could yield a magnetic concentrate containing 60.8% Fe with 51% Fe recovery. In order to enhance the recovery of the iron oxide minerals, fine magnetite, colloidal magnetite and oleate colloidal magnetite were used as the coating material. When subjected to magnetic separation, the coated ore produces an iron concentrate containing 60.2% Fe with an enhanced recovery of56%. The AFM studies indicate that the coagulation of hematite particles with the oleate colloidal magnetite facilitates the higher recovery of iron particles from the low grade BHJ iron ore under appropriate conditions.     

Synthesis and characterization of biocompatible hydroxyapatite coated ferrite

Ferrite particles coated with biocompatible phases can be used for hyperthermia treatment of cancer. We have synthesized substituted calcium hexaferrite, which is not stable on its own but is stabilized with small substitution of La. Hexaferrite of chemical composition (CaO)_0.75(La₂0₃)_0.20(Fe₂O₃)₆ was prepared using citrate gel method. Hydroxyapatite was prepared by precipitating it from aqueous solution of Ca(NO₃)₂ and (NH₄)₂HPO₄ maintaining pH above 11. Four different methods were used for coating of hydroxyapatite on ferrite particles. SEM with EDX and X-ray diffraction analysis shows clear evidence of coating of hydroxyapatite on ferrite particles. These coated ferrite particles exhibited coercive field up to 2 kOe, which could be made useful for hysteresis heating in hyperthermia. Studies by culturing BHK-21 cells and WBC over the samples show evidence of biocompatibility. SEM micrographs and cell counts give clear indication of cell growth on the surface of the sample. Finally coated ferrite particle was implanted in Kasaulli mouse to test its biocompatibility. The magnetic properties and biocompatibility studies show that these hydroxyapatite coated ferrites could be useful for hyperthermia.     

Ni-Al2O3纳米复合电镀工艺的初步研究

初步研究了复合电镀各工艺条件：电流密度、镀液pH值和温度以及搅拌方式对Al2O3纳米微粒在镍基复合镀层中含量的影响。研究表明：电流密度增大不利于提高镀层中纳米微粒的含量；pH值增大也明显使复合量降低;镀液温度升高，镀层中微粒的复合量随之略有改变；电镀时，加强搅拌或适当改变搅拌方式，可以使复合镀居中的纳米微粒含量提高。还利用扫描电镜及能谱对Ni-Al2O3镀层表面进行了观察与分析。     

TEM Studies of High Temperature Corrosion Behaviour of TiAl Intermetallics with Surface Modifications

The oxidation/sulphidation behaviour of a Ti‐46.7Al‐1.9W‐0.5Si alloy with a TiAl₃ diffusion coating was studied in an environment of H₂/H₂S/H₂O at 850^oC. The kinetic results demonstrate that the TiAl₃ coating significantly increased the high temperature corrosion resistance of Ti‐46.7Al‐1.9W‐0.5Si. The SEM, EDX, XRD and TEM analysis reveals that the formation of an Al₂O₃ scale on the surface of the TiAl₃‐coated sample was responsible for the enhancement of the corroison resistance. The Ti‐46.7Al‐1.9W‐0.5Si alloy was also modified by Nb ion implantation. The Nb ion implanted and as received sampels were subjected to cyclic oxidation in an open air at 800^oC. The Nb ion implantation not only increased the oxidation resistance but also substantially improved the adhesion of scale to the substrate.     

化学复合镀层激光处理研究

研究了激光处理对Ni-P -SiC化学复合镀层的影响。借助于扫描电镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射、显微硬度计等设备对激光处理后复合镀层的表面形貌、组织结构及性能进行了综合分析。结果表明 ,对复合镀层进行激光处理可以获得与炉内加热同样的镀层硬度 ,且当激光功率 4 0 0W ,扫描速度 1.5m /min时 ,镀层硬度高于炉内加热的硬度     

真空铸造高强度C/Mg复合材料

本文介绍用真空铸造法制造抗拉强度超过1000MPa的高强度C/Mg复合材料。将T300纤维经C-Si-O梯度涂层处理后单向排布于型腔内,在真空下注入ZM-5合金液,凝固后即得C/Mg复合材料零件或试样。试样的抗拉强度在纤维体积分数为0.35时达1050MPa。本文讨论C-Si-O梯度涂层对获得高强度复合材料的作用。     

T8钢－聚有机硅氧烷仿生减粘降阻复合涂层的特性

研究了Ｔ８钢－聚有机硅氧烷仿生减粘降阻复合涂层的表面润湿性、磨料磨损特性及对土壤的减粘降阻性能与金属材料相比，仿生复合涂层的表面憎水性显著提高，水在其表面上的接触角达９２°；与４５钢相比，其磨料磨损的体积相对耐磨系数为６３％，降阻率达１５．２２％～２２．２７％     

Improving Wear Resistance of the Ni-base Thermal Spray-Welding Coating Using Rare Earths

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