Automation, work organization and skills: The case of numerical control

This paper deals with small and medium sized firms. Since the late seventies small and medium sized mechanical engineering firms in France have resorted increasingly to new technologies, and in particular to numerical control. Numerical control has introduced major changes in work organization. On the one hand it tends to reinforce the role of methods of production engineering whatever the type of numerical control may be. Programming is seldom left to the machine operators, except in the case of straightforward machining operations or in machining shops with a strong tradition of highly skilled or artisan labour. Numerical control, on the other hand, does provide more opportunity for collaboration between the workshop and the production engineers. On a workshop level it introduces a more mobile division of labour between programmers, machine setters and operators, which covers everything from the start-up of programs to the supervision of maching operations. The operator may therefore acquire new skills, but this is only possible if there are open-ended training systems available to facilitate the transmission of know-how from the programmers to the machine setters and from the machine setters to the operators, and vice versa. Small and medium sized firms would appear to have a special role to play in developing skills.     

中国大中型气田天然气的运聚特征

中国重点盆地大中型气田天然气的运聚具有多种途径和方式,归纳起来具有如下特点:区域构造运动是造成天然气运移的决定性控制因素;流体势决定天然气运移的方向和聚集的场所。在断陷盆地中,天然气以垂向和阶梯状运移为主;在克拉通、前陆斜坡和大型坳陷盆地中,天然气以侧向运移为主,垂向运移也起重要作用。断裂和不整合面是天然气运移的主要通道;异常压力是高压盆地天然气运移的主要动力,地热对热盆天然气的运移具有一定的影响;盆地的上倾方向和古隆起是天然气运移的指向区。     

大型塔器研制

针对"801"工程一、二级冷、热塔的研制,分别从设备技术特性、结构特点和制造工艺等方面进行总结,重点介绍其关键制造工艺技术.     

三峡工程技术设计审查进展概述

三峡工程的技术设计审查由国务院授权三峡工程开发总公司组织，总公司成立技术委员会具体负责此项工作，项目负责人和专家组长组织专家进行各专题审查。单项技术设计包括４座主要建筑物（大坝、厂房、永久船闸和升船机）、机电、二期围堰、建筑物的监测和泥沙专题。审查工作分３个阶段进行，第１阶段，对各专题的设计大纲进行审查；第２阶段，对技术设计中的关键问题、主要布置方案、结构尺寸和与之相关的科研问题与设计单位进行研究讨论；第３阶段，对各专题提出的设计报告进行审查。两年来设计审查工作进展顺利。     

Gaze Detection by Wearable Eye‐Tracking and NIR LED‐Based Head‐Tracking Device Based on SVR

In this paper, a gaze estimation method is proposed for use with a large‐sized display at a distance. Our research has the following four novelties: this is the first study on gaze‐tracking for large‐sized displays and large Z (viewing) distances; our gaze‐tracking accuracy is not affected by head movements since the proposed method tracks the head by using a near infrared camera and an infrared light‐emitting diode; the threshold for local binarization of the pupil area is adaptively determined by using a p‐tile method based on circular edge detection irrespective of the eyelid or eyelash shadows; and accurate gaze position is calculated by using two support vector regressions without complicated calibrations for the camera, display, and user's eyes, in which the gaze positions and head movements are used as feature values. The root mean square error of gaze detection is calculated as 0.79° for a 30‐inch screen.     

应用SLON-1500立环脉动高梯度磁选机提高弓长岭贫赤铁矿回收率的工业试验

阐述了鞍钢弓长岭矿应用SLON1500立环脉动高梯度磁选机分选贫赤铁矿工业试验的各试验流程阶段及其发生和存在的问题,并提出了相应的改进技术措施和方案。连续3个月的工业试验结果,经原冶金部组织的专家鉴定认为,指标达到了红矿选矿的国际先进水平。     

国产中型机组增设除氧器排汽冷却器的经济性分析

分析了影响除氧器排汽的因素,通过对１２５ＭＷ机组增设除氧器排汽冷却器的经济性分析,认为１００ＭＷ、１２５ＭＷ、２００ＭＷ机组增设该冷却器可以减少能源损失,取得明显的经济效益。     

大中型商场电气照明节能设计措施

针对大中型商场的照明设计中存在的问题进行分析,提出减少配电线路的损耗、选用合理的照度、合理布局与选择灯具、推广使用节能的电子镇流器、积极采用新型光源和采用照明自动控制系统等措施。     

纳米NaY分子筛的氟硅酸铵脱铝改性对其性能的影响

采用无模板剂、无导向剂的方法合成了100 nm以下粒度分布均匀的纳米NaY分子筛。采用氟硅酸铵脱铝剂对纳米NaY分子筛进行了脱铝改性,考察了氟硅酸铵用量和反应时间等因素对纳米NaY分子筛物化性质及催化性能的影响。结果表明,脱铝后纳米NaY分子筛孔结构保持完整,热稳定性良好,硅/铝比（n〖DK〗(Si)/n〖DK〗(Al)）提高,酸中心数量略有减少而强酸中心数量增加。在1〖DK〗,3〖DK〗,5 三异丙基苯催化裂解反应中表现出优异的催化性能。     

西部大开发中以特许权方式建设中小型水电站可行性初探

通过分析在西部经济不发达地区以特许权方式建设中小型水电站的可行性,探讨了政府在此领域应采取的相应政策和应注意的问题,提出用特许权方式在西部地区建设中小型水电站是西部大开发的有力支撑之一。