长脂肪链酰胺丙基磺基甜菜碱的合成及性能

为了考察长脂肪链酰胺丙基磺基甜菜碱的性能，以硬脂酸甲酯、油酸甲酯、11-(3,4-二甲基-苯基)-硬脂酸甲酯、3-二甲胺基丙胺、1,3-丙磺酸内酯为原料，通过两步反应合成了3种长脂肪链酰胺丙基磺基甜菜碱，并采用1HNMR及MS进行结构确认。通过表面张力、耐盐性、泡沫性能、油水界面张力性能测试，发现3种长脂肪链酰胺丙基磺基甜菜碱均具有良好的表/界面活性、泡沫稳定性、乳化能力及耐盐性；长脂肪链中引入芳烷基增强了11-(3,4-二甲基-苯基)-十八烷基酰胺丙基-N,N-二甲基磺基甜菜碱（C18DAMSB）的表面活性，临界胶束浓度及表面张力分别为1.57×10-5 mol/L、28.98 mN/m，低于油酸酰胺丙基磺基甜菜碱（UC18AMP3SB）及硬脂酸酰胺丙基磺基甜菜碱（R18DMSA）；UC18AMP3SB疏水链中的双键使其耐盐性由于优于C18DAMSB和R18DMSA。     

Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP): A versatile and forceful tool for functional membranes

The progress in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) provides an effective means for the design and preparation of functional membranes. Polymeric membranes with different macromolecular architectures applied in fuel cells, including block and graft copolymers are conveniently prepared via ATRP. Moreover, ATRP has also been widely used to introduce functionality onto the membrane surface to enhance its use in specific applications, such as antifouling, stimuli-responsive, adsorption function and pervaporation. In this review, the recent design and synthesis of advanced functional membranes via the ATRP technique are discussed in detail and their especial advantages are highlighted by selected examples extract the principles for preparation or modification of membranes using the ATRP methodology.     

Polymer brush coatings for combating marine biofouling

A variety of functional polymer brushes and coatings have been developed for combating marine biofouling and biocorrosion with much less environmental impact than traditional biocides. This review summarizes recent developments in marine antifouling polymer brushes and coatings that are tethered to material surfaces and do not actively release biocides. Polymer brush coatings have been designed to inhibit molecular fouling, microfouling and macrofouling through incorporation or inclusion of multiple functionalities. Hydrophilic polymers, such as poly(ethylene glycol), hydrogels, zwitterionic polymers and polysaccharides, resist attachment of marine organisms effectively due to extensive hydration. Fouling release polymer coatings, based on fluoropolymers and poly(dimethylsiloxane) elastomers, minimize adhesion between marine organisms and material surfaces, leading to easy removal of biofoulants. Polycationic coatings are effective in reducing marine biofouling partly because of their good bactericidal properties. Recent advances in controlled radical polymerization and click chemistry have also allowed better molecular design and engineering of multifunctional brush coatings for improved antifouling efficacies.     

Thermoreversible hydrogels XIII: Synthesis and swelling behaviors of [N-isopropylacrylamide-co-sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl sulfonate-co-N,N-dimethyl(acrylamido propyl) ammonium propane sulfonate] copolymeric hydrogels

A series of copolymeric hydrogels were prepared from various molar ratios of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm), sodium-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropyl sulfonate (NaAMPS) and N,N′-dimethyl(acrylamido propyl) ammonium propane sulfonate (DMAAPS). The swelling behaviors of these copolymeric hydrogels were investigated in various saline solutions. The result showed that the phase transition temperatures of these gels changed insignificantly, and the thermosensitivity, in contrast, diminished. In addition, the copolymer gels exhibited polyelectrolytic behavior under lower salt concentration (10⁻⁵∼10⁻¹ M), exhibited a nonionic gel (like NIPAAm) behavior at the salt concentration from 0.1 to 0.4 M, and showed an antipolyelectrolytic behavior (polyzwitterionic effect) at a salt concentration over 0.4 M. Finally, the presented coplymeric gels are investigated for use in drug release application.     

Zwitterionic sulfobetaine‐modified non‐woven fabric for blood filtration

Blood filtration requires a high removal ratio of leukocytes and with simultaneous high recovery ratio of platelets and other beneficial components. Problems are often encountered with blood filter materials in terms of high platelet loss. Zwitterions such as phosphorylcholine, sulfobetaine and carboxybetaine show effective resistance against protein adsorption and platelet adhesion. The study reported was aimed at achieving surface modification of poly(butylene terephthalate) non‐woven fabric (PBTNF) using UV radiation‐induced graft copolymerization of a zwitterionic sulfobetaine, N‐(3‐sulfopropyl)‐N‐methacroyloxyethyl‐N,N‐dimethylammonium betaine (SMDB), in order to improve the wettability and platelet recovery ratio of the PBTNF. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that SMDB was successfully grafted onto the PBTNF. Photoinitiator concentration, monomer concentration and UV irradiation time affected markedly the degree of grafting. Critical wetting surface tension, water wetting time and hemolysis tests showed an improvement in wettability and blood compatibility as a result of graft copolymerization of SMDB. A blood filter material composed of SMDB‐modified PBTNF reduced platelet adhesion and had higher platelet recovery compared to poly(acrylic acid)‐modified PBTNF. It was found that SMDB monomer was successfully grafted onto PBTNF using UV radiation. The degree of grafting of SMDB could be controlled by varying the photoinitiator concentration, monomer concentration and UV irradiation time. SMDB‐modified PBTNF showed significant improvement in wettability and blood compatibility. The zwitterionic structure of SMDB is resistant to platelet adhesion. The SMDB‐modified PBTNF could be a candidate for a blood filter material and in other medical applications. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

芥基羟磺基甜菜碱的合成优化及应用研究

合成了芥基羟磺基甜菜碱,对反应条件进行了优化,第一步用亚硫酸氢钠∶环氧氯丙烷=1.05∶1,在85℃下合成3-氯-2-羟基丙磺酸钠;第二步以异丙醇水溶液为溶剂,芥基叔胺∶3-氯-2-羟基丙磺酸钠=1∶1在90℃下反应6 h,芥基叔胺的转化率达97%。通过红外光谱分析确定该物质的结构。用旋滴法考察了合成产物对界面张力的影响,指出该产物可能适用于二三类油藏的三次采油中。     

十二烷基乙氧基磺基甜菜碱对碱性锌锰电池性能影响

研究了在碱性锌锰电池负极中添加新型表面活性剂十二烷基乙氧基磺基甜菜碱（DESB）对电池性能的影响,结果表明表面活性剂十二烷基乙氧基磺基甜菜碱能有效降低电池贮存后的内阻,减少电池高温贮存后的析气量,提高电池的贮存性能和安全性能,加入量为相当锌粉重量的0．1％时电池贮存性能最佳。     

Synthesis and characterization of zwitterionic organogels based on Schiff base chemistry

Poly(sulfobetaine)s and poly(carboxybetaine)s have been extensively studied for their zwitterionic and biocompatible nature. The specific features that make such zwitterionic structures technologically important are their chemical structure, a straight forward synthetic route, high ionic contents with interesting dilute solution, and solid state properties. The objective of this work is to synthesize novel zwitterionic polymers having gel characteristics. Here, p‐phenylene diamine/melamine react as nucleophiles with glutaraldehyde to produce poly(schiff base)s. In the subsequent step, the poly(sulfobetaine)s and poly(carboxybetaine)s were produced on treatment with 1,3‐propane sultone/γ‐butyrolactone. Hence, a catalyst free facile approach to novel zwitterionic polymers was obtained. The polymers were characterized by elemental analyses, FTIR, XRD analyses, SEM, pH metric titrations, conductometric titrations, and thermal analyses (TGA/DTA). The polymeric samples carry the gel characteristics, showing lamellar structure with porous network. XRD pattern shows Bragg peaks indicative of superstructures. Thermal analysis indicates the Hoffman elimination of β hydrogen and subsequent release of sulfopropyl/carboxybutyl group. One of the gel polymers shows fluorescence also. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

复合乳化体系在甲基丙烯酸甲酯/丙烯酸丁酯细乳液共聚合中的应用

用两性离子型乳化剂十二烷基磺基甜菜碱(DSB)和阴离子型乳化剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)复配,作为甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)细乳液共聚体系的复合乳化剂,以十六醇作为助稳定剂,得到了稳定的聚合物理乳液,其乳胶粒径为100~150 nm。考察了复合乳化剂的浓度及配比对单体转化率、所得聚合物相对分子质量、乳胶粒径大小的影响。实验结果表明,在w(DSB)=0.14％的条件下,聚合反应速率和产物最终转化率出现极大值;与纯SDS乳化体系相比,复配乳化体系的聚合反应速率和乳液最终转化率较低;对聚合物胶乳的粒子的均匀程度略有影响;DSB用量增加,产物相对分子质量变大。     

Preparation of antibacterial poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) grafted on poly(vinyl alcohol)-formaldehyde sponges and their properties

Conventional wound dressings cover wound surfaces and separate them from the outer environment. However, wound sites are readily infected by some bacteria during healing. To overcome these problems, a macroporous sample is designed through the grafting polymerization of hydrophilic sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) on poly(vinyl alcohol)-formaldehyde (PVF) sponges. The as-prepared PVF sponges have a grafting percentage of 15–50%, an average pore size of 60–90 μm, and a high porosity of 90%. This series of PVF-g-PSBMA sponges can absorb deionized water and saline solution at approximately 16 g·g⁻¹ within 2 min because of their hydrophilic surface and macroporous structure. The antibacterial potential of PVF-g-PSBMA sponges against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus is evaluated via a shake flask test. As the grafting percentage increase from 15 to 50%, the antibacterial activities against Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative E. coli gradually increase from 87 to 95% and from 94 to 99%, respectively. The biocompatibility of these sponges is confirmed through an in vitro cell viability assay. All of the survival rates of the bacterial cells relative to the control (100% of metabolic activity) exceed 90% as the extract ratio of PVF-g-PSBMA sponges increase. Thus, the as-prepared PVF-g-PSBMA sponges can be an ideal wound dressing candidate. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47047.