含氯取代基的聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺的合成与表征

以 2 ,5 -二氯对苯二甲酰氯作为第三单体 ,将其与间苯二甲酰氯、间苯二胺在N ,N -二甲基乙酰胺中进行低温溶液共缩聚反应 ,合成了含氯取代基的聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺。研究了单体摩尔浓度、反应初始温度、叔胺添加剂种类、第三单体用量等对共聚物相对分子质量的影响 ,并用红外光谱、热重分析等方法对共聚物进行了表征。     

三元复合驱配注站工艺流程与自控系统

根据对三元复合驱配注站自控系统的设计及现场经验，介绍了大庆油田三元复合驱配注站自控系统的内容和现状，总结了大庆油田已建三元复合驱配注站的运行情况，并提出了三元复合驱配注站自控系统的发展趋势。     

An SS1-SS2 {beta}-barrel structure for the voltage-activated potassium channel

To examine the feasibility of a ß structure for thepore-lining region of the voltage-gated potassium channel, wehave characterized a family of 12 antiparallel ß-barrels.Each is comprised of four identical pairs of ß-strandsorganized with approximate 4-fold symmetry about a channel axis.The Cand N-termini of the ß-strand pairs are assumedto be at the extracellular end of the channel, and each pairis connected by a hairpin turn at the intracellular end of thechannel. The models differ in the residues located in the hairpinturn and in the orientation of the two strands of each pairin the barrel, i.e. whether the C-terminus of a pair is clockwise(CW) or counterclockwise (CCW) from the N-terminus when thechannel is viewed from outside the cell. Following known structureprecedents and potential energy predictions, the barrel is assumedto be right-twisting in all cases. All models have crowded layersof inward-projecting aromatic sidechains near the center ofthe channel which could regulate channel selectivity. The modelswith an odd number of amino acids in the hairpin turn have theadvantage of predicting that F433 points into the barrel, butthe disadvantage that V438 does not. Of these models, two ofthe models are most consistent with the external tetraethylanunonhim(TEA) block data, and of those, one (T439 CCW 3:5) is most consistentwith the internal TEA block data.     

国外过氧化氢在化学合成中应用研究进展

介绍了近期国外过氧化氢在部分化学品合成中应用研究新进展 ,产品包括过碳酸钠、过碳酰胺、4Na2 SO4·2H2 O2 ·NaCl加合物、叔胺氧化物、水合肼、二羟基苯、季铵盐过氧化氢和甲乙酮肟。内容涉及产品质量 (纯度、安定性、溶解速率、外观等 )、产品收率、催化剂、工艺过程等方面改进。主要介绍专利技术。     

Synthesis of tertiary poly(amido-amine)s with amido- and amino-groups randomly arranged along the macromolecular chain

A new synthesis of poly(amido-amine)s from bis (secondary amine)s and acryloyl chloride has been studied, leading to polymers in which the amido- and amino-groups are randomly arranged along the macromolecular chain. A poly(amido-amine) based on piperazine, chosen as the mother compound, has been fully characterized by ¹³C n.m.r. as well as by identification and quantitative evaluation of its hydrolysis products.     

不同载体钯催化剂的结构表征及其在笼形叔胺脱N-苄基上的应用

以γ Al2O3、木质活性炭、煤质活性炭为载体,以氯化钯为前体制备了Pd(OH)2/Al2O3、Pd(OH)2/C催化剂,并用X射线衍射、透射电镜和X射线光电子能谱等技术对这些催化剂进行了结构表征。以六苄基六氮杂异伍兹烷(HBIW)的脱苄反应为例,研究了不同载体Pd(OH)2催化剂对笼形叔胺N 苄基脱苄反应的活性,分析了影响催化剂活性的各种因素。实验结果表明,当催化剂用量为HBIW质量的0 2%(以Pd计)时,氢解产品四乙酰基二苄基六氮杂异伍兹烷(TADBIW)的收率可达88%,其中以煤质活性炭为载体的催化剂已用于HBIW氢解脱苄的20kg级放大实验,TADBIW产品收率为82%。     

The effects of bleached and unbleached rosemary oleoresins on light-sensitized oxidation of soybean oil

Bleached and unbleached forms of a rosemary oleoresin (RO) in stripped and nonstripped soybean oil behave both as antioxidant and prooxidant in a light-induced oxidative system. At 0.02 and 0.05% levels, RO had the greatest antioxidant activity, while at 0.01 and 0.5% levels it had the highest prooxidant activity in both stripped and nonstripped soybean oil. Treatment of both soybean oil systems with tertiary butylhydroquinone controlled light-induced oxidation of the oil better than did the oleoresin treatments. The prooxidant activity of the 0.5% RO level was probably due to an excess of prooxidant components being carried into the oil at that level, whereas the reduced antioxidant activity at 0.01% was probably due to the low initial level of active antioxidant components being added to the oil. Published as Journal Series No. 10072, Nebraska Agricultural Research Division, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0919.     

Ultrapyrolysis of automobile shredder residue

A fast pyrolysis (Ultrapyrolysis) process was employed to convert automobile shredder residue (ASR) into chemical products. Experiments were conducted at atmospheric pressure and temperatures between 700 and 850°C with residence times between 0.3 and 1.4 seconds. Pyrolysis products included 59 to 68 mass% solid residue, 13 to 23 mass% pyrolysis gas (dry) and 4 to 12 mass% pyrolytic water from a feed containing 39 mass% organic matter and 2 mass% moisture. No measurable amounts of liquid pyrolysis oil were produced. The five most abundant pyrolysis gases, in vol%, were CO (18–29), CO₂ (20–23), CH₄ (17–22), C₂H₄ (20–22) and C₃H₆ (1–11), accounting for more than 90% of the total volume. The use of a higher organic content ASR feed (58 mass%) resulted in less solid residue and more pyrolysis gas. However, no significant changes were noted in the composition of the pyrolysis gas.     

助乳化剂对化妆品乳液稳定性和液晶性的影响

以硬脂酸蔗糖酯和失水山梨醇硬脂酸酯的复配物（SSE）为主乳化剂，十六／十八醇及甘油为助乳化剂制备含液晶乳液化妆品。通过观察乳液的温度稳定性和液晶性，用三元相图研究助乳化剂含量对此乳液体系液区的影响。实验条件下，用该乳化剂体系可获得较好的液晶化妆品乳液，总之，较高的助乳化剂量有利于乳液的温度稳定性和液晶性，但助乳化剂量较低时经合理配方也能获得稳定的液晶乳液，其中含3％高碳醇和5％甘油的乳液稳定性及液晶性均较好，5％高碳醇和3％甘油的助乳化剂体系不宜采用。     

Efficacy of tertiary butylhydroquinone on the storage and heat stability of liquid canola shortening

The sensory (odor and flavor) and physicochemical characteristics of tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) treated and butylated hydroxyanisole/toluene (BHA/BHT) treated liquid canola shortenings, subjected to accelerated storage (Schaal oven test at 65°C) and deep fat heating (at 185°C), were determined. Data for the Schaal oven test indicate that TBHQ was effective in retarding oxidative rancidity in liquid canola shortenings. However, addition of the commonly used mixture of BHA/BHT to canola shortenings resulted in only a slight decrease in oxidation during schaal oven storage. The results obtained from deep fat heating of canola liquid shortening show that neither TBHQ nor BHA/BHT was effective in enhancing oxidative and thermal stability of this product.