Dissection of the Genetic Basis of Yield Traits in Line per se and Testcross Populations and Identification of Candidate Genes for Hybrid Performance in Maize

Dissecting the genetic basis of yield traits in hybrid populations and identifying the candidate genes are important for molecular crop breeding. In this study, a BC1F3:4 population, the line per se (LPS) population, was constructed by using elite inbred lines Zheng58 and PH4CV as the parental lines. The population was genotyped with 55,000 SNPs and testcrossed to Chang7-2 and PH6WC (two testers) to construct two testcross (TC) populations. The three populations were evaluated for hundred kernel weight (HKW) and yield per plant (YPP) in multiple environments. Marker–trait association analysis (MTA) identified 24 to 151 significant SNPs in the three populations. Comparison of the significant SNPs identified common and specific quantitative trait locus/loci (QTL) in the LPS and TC populations. Genetic feature analysis of these significant SNPs proved that these SNPs were associated with the tested traits and could be used to predict trait performance of both LPS and TC populations. RNA-seq analysis was performed using maize hybrid varieties and their parental lines, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between hybrid varieties and parental lines were identified. Comparison of the chromosome positions of DEGs with those of significant SNPs detected in the TC population identified potential candidate genes that might be related to hybrid performance. Combining RNA-seq analysis and MTA results identified candidate genes for hybrid performance, providing information that could be useful for maize hybrid breeding.     

AFLP分子标记构建中国对虾遗传连锁图谱的初步研究

利用AFLP分子标记结合“拟测交”策略,以中国对虾的单对杂交亲本及其F1代为作图群体,应用MAPMAKER EXP／3．0软件,分别构建了中国对虾雌、雄的遗传连锁图谱。在中国对虾的雄性连锁图谱中,74个标记组成了5个连锁群(遗传标记数量大于3)、7个三联体、13个连锁对,总图距为951．5eM,最大连锁群的长度为206．2eM,最短的为7．4eM,标记间的平均距离为12．8eM;雌性连锁图谱中,由66个标记组成的5个连锁群,4个三联体,13个连锁对,总图距为712．7eM,连锁群的长度介于7．7eM～128．2eM之间,标记间的平均距离为10．7eM。估算的中国对虾基因组总长度为2000eM,所构建的连锁图谱分别覆盖了基因组长度的47．5％和35．6％。中国对虾遗传连锁图谱的构建为分子标记辅助育种、比较基因组作图以及基因定位与克隆创造了条件,并对今后其他海洋生物遗传图谱的构建具有理论价值和实践意义。