Preparation of molecularly imprinted fluorescence sensor based on carbon quantum dots via precipitation polymerization for fluorescence detection of tetracycline

A facile and effective method was proposed to prepare the molecularly imprinted fluorescence sensor with carbon quantum dots, which were modified vinyl groups by acrylic acid on the surface. The obtained fluorescence composite material was investigated by transmission electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectra. After the experimental conditions were optimized, a linear range of 1.0–60 μmol L⁻¹ was obtained and the detection limit was 0.17 μmol L⁻¹. The novel fluorescence sensor can be successfully used to detect tetracycline in real samples. This study provides a convenient strategy for selective recognition and rapid detection of tetracycline in the complex environment.     

光催化氧化后四环素的分解率与COD去除率之间关系的探讨

以粉状无机半导体（ＺｎＯ）为催化剂，探讨了水溶液中四环素经光催化氧化分解率和ＣＯＤ去除率之间的关系。实验表明，在本实验中四环素的分解率和ＣＯＤ去除率之间有较好的正相关性。当反庆系统中有足量的活性催化剂和足够的光照时间时，绝大部分四环素将被较彻底地氧化分解成ＣＯ２，这不仅有助于光催化反应机理的研究，助于今后在环保中的实际应用。     

高铁酸钾去除饮用水源中盐酸四环素试验研究

利用提纯后的次氯酸钠溶液、硝酸铁、氢氧化钾制备高铁酸钾。并采用高铁酸钾氧化去除水中盐酸四环素（TC）,初步探讨了高铁酸钾去除TC的效果,研究了高铁酸钾投加量、pH值、氧化时间等对去除效率的影响。结果表明,高铁酸钾可以有效快速地去除水中的TC,在一定范围内,高铁酸钾投加越多,TC去除率越高,反应越快。pH值对反应影响较大,最优pH值范围为9～10。降解反应主要发生在前60S,在之后的10-20min内高铁酸钾与TC持续反应,TC得到进一步的降解。当高铁酸钾与TC摩尔比为1：1和1：5时,反应60S后的TC去除率约为100％。但反应液TOC下降幅度不大,说明大部分的TC仅转化为中间产物,未得到彻底矿化。     

CoFe_2O_4磁性光催化材料的制备及其对四环素废水的降解

通过水热法成功制备了CoFe_2O_4磁性光催化材料,并将合成的CoFe_2O_4磁性材料应用于可见光照射下降解四环素(TC)模拟废水,考察了CoFe_2O_4磁性材料的光催化性能,同时考察了CoFe_2O_4制备过程中不同制备条件对其光催化活性的影响。通过捕获实验考察CoFe_2O_4光催化降解四环素的主要活性自由基;经过3次循环实验发现,采用水热法合成的CoFe_2O_4磁性光催化材料具有较好的稳定性,对四环素模拟废水的降解率达到65.78%。     

B掺杂g-C3N4的一步合成及可见光下降解RhB和TC研究

为研究非金属离子掺杂对g-C₃N₄光催化性能的影响,以三聚氰胺和硼酸为前驱体,采用一步煅烧法制备了B掺杂g-C₃N₄光催化剂。罗丹明B(RhB)的可见光降解实验表明,当三聚氰胺和硼酸的添加比例(质量比)为10∶0.05(0.05BCN)时显示出最好的光催化性能,表现为光照RhB 30 min降解率高达100%,远高于纯g-C₃N₄(38%)。同时,四环素(TC)降解9 min达到100%,降解速率为纯g-C₃N₄的2.09倍。基于结构表征和光学性能测量,高光催化性能可归因于B原子掺杂替代引起的带隙调制。B掺杂不仅减小了带隙且可能在带隙中引入杂质态能级,这些都能导致可见光吸收的增强和光生载流子复合的抑制,从而大大提高了光催化性能。本工作提供了一种原子级水平获取非金属元素修饰g-C₃N₄纳米片的方法,该材料可作为一种在可见光下具有良好稳定性的RhB降解光催化剂。     

Assessment of veterinary drugs present in pork kidney from a Midwest US retail market

A total of 1040 pork kidneys were purchased from 4 retail stores located in a Midwestern US town and screened for antibiotics with the Charm-KIS? screening test. Six samples (0.6%) tested positive with the Charm-KIS?. Sixty-five samples from each retail location and the 18 Charm-KIS? positive or ‘caution’ samples were also subjected to ELISA to determine the presence of commonly used veterinary drugs including flunixin, ractopamine, sulfamethazine, and/or tetracycline of the 278 samples assessed by ELISA, flunixin, ractopamine, sulfamethazine, and tetracycline residues were found to be 0%, 22%, 4%, and 10% ELISA positive respectively, and had greater than limit of quantitation concentrations as measured by LC-MS/MS. All residue levels determined by LC-MS/MS were well below US tolerances, regardless of analyte. These findings suggest that veterinary drugs are being used in accordance with US regulations and that veterinary drug residues in pork do not pose a health concern to US consumers.     

Preparation of Pd/PANI/ITO composite electrode and its degradation of tetracycline wastewater

In order to treat antibiotics organic pollutants in the water environment, the Pd/PANI/ITO composite electrode was prepared by the galvanostatic electrodeposition method in this paper. The surface morphology and electrocatalytic activity of the electrode were analyzed and tested. Using the degradation rate of electrocatalytic tetracycline wastewater as an indicator, the optimal parameter conditions for preparing the composite electrode were screened out: the optimal deposition current of PANI was 2 mA, and the deposition time was 10 min. The optimal deposition current for Pd is 2 mA, and the deposition time is 10 min. The optimal current for the degradation of tetracycline wastewater is 10 mA, and the relationship between the degradation current and the degradation time conforms to the pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics. The existence of ·OH in the degradation process of tetracycline was verified by the coumarin fluorescence detection technology. Finally, the degradation process of tetracycline wastewater is analyzed. The results show that the intermediate products produced during the degradation of tetracycline are gradually cleavage of tetracycline molecules, and they are eventually converted into CO₂ and H₂O.     

LaCoO3 acts as a high-efficiency co-catalyst for enhancing visible-light-driven tetracycline degradation of BiOI

Exploring noble-metal-free co-catalysts highly flexible for separating the photogenerated charge carriers is of prime importance for the visible-light-driven photocatalysis. Herein, three-dimensional flower-like BiOI microspheres were fabricated and applied to support noble-metal-free LaCoO₃ co-catalysts to construct a unique LaCoO₃/BiOI hybrid photocatalyst with a higher ability in charge separation. As expected, the optimum tetracycline degradation rate of LaCoO₃ (4.0 wt%)/BiOI was up to 0.0161 min⁻¹, which was nearly 3.4 fold larger than that of pure BiOI (0.0048 min⁻¹). The enhanced photocatalytic performance was mainly ascribed to the vital role of LaCoO₃ co-catalyst, which acted as an excellent electron collector for capturing the electrons generated by BiOI, effectively promoting the separation of photogenerated charge carriers and prolonging the lifetime of photo-induced electron-hole pairs at the same time. Furthermore, the active species trapping experiments revealed that the excellent photocatalytic activity was primarily driven by photogenerated holes and superoxide radicals. This work is expected to provide a new inspiration for rationally designing and fabricating noble-metal-free co-catalyst system with high efficiency applied in environment purification.     

Effects of antimicrobial use in agricultural animals on drug-resistant foodborne salmonellosis in humans: A systematic literature review

Controversy continues concerning antimicrobial use in food animals and its relationship to drug-resistant infections in humans. We systematically reviewed published literature for evidence of a relationship between antimicrobial use in agricultural animals and drug-resistant meat or dairy-borne non-typhoidal salmonellosis in humans. Based on publications from the United States (U.S.), Canada, and Denmark from January 2010 to July 2014, 858 articles received title and abstract review, 104 met study criteria for full article review with 68 retained for which data are presented. Antibiotic exposure in both cattle and humans found an increased likelihood of Salmonella colonization, whereas in chickens, animals not exposed to antibiotics (organic) were more likely to be Salmonella positive and those that had antibiotic exposure were more likely to harbor antimicrobial resistant Salmonella organisms. In swine literature, only tylosin exposure was examined and no correlation was found among exposure, Salmonella colonization, or antimicrobial resistance. No studies that identified farm antimicrobial use also traced antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella from farm to fork.