全球氨基酸市场供需与预测

概述了近年来饲料添加剂用氨基酸类的现状和今后发展。着重介绍了氨基酸中主要产品蛋氨酸、赖氨酸和苏氨酸在美国、欧盟和日本的生产和市场发展动向。由于这类食品添加剂需求强劲，目前，该市场正处在回升之中。     

Protein Kinases and Parkinson’s Disease

Currently, the lack of new drug candidates for the treatment of major neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease has intensified the search for drugs that can be repurposed or repositioned for such treatment. Typically, the search focuses on drugs that have been approved and are used clinically for other indications. Kinase inhibitors represent a family of popular molecules for the treatment and prevention of various cancers, and have emerged as strong candidates for such repurposing because numerous serine/threonine and tyrosine kinases have been implicated in the pathobiology of Parkinson’s disease. This review focuses on various kinase-dependent pathways associated with the expression of Parkinson’s disease pathology, and evaluates how inhibitors of these pathways might play a major role as effective therapeutic molecules.     

新型L-苏氨酸尾式卟啉及其锌(II)配合物合成与表征

为了探索手性金属卟啉配合物的结构与功能 ,用 L-苏氨酸和 5 -[邻 -(2 -溴乙氧基 )苯基 ]-1 0 ,1 5 ,2 0 -三苯基卟啉为原料合成了一种新型 L-苏氨酸尾式卟啉及其锌 (II)配合物 ,通过元素分析、红外光谱、化学分析和质谱等对其进行了结构表征。测试并研究了它们在 40 0 0～ 40 0 cm- 1 范围内的傅里叶变换红外光谱 ,对主要谱带进行了经验归属     

中空纤维微孔膜在苏氨酸发酵液精制工艺中的应用

应用聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）中空纤维微孔膜对苏氨酸发酵液进行了澄清处理,发现透过液澄清透明,菌体100%被膜截留,苏氨酸收率可达95%以上.另外,对污染膜的清洗研究表明,NaOH溶液和碱性蛋白酶对于膜通量的恢复具有很好的效果.     

A new mutation in the yeast aspartate kinase induces threonine accumulation in a temperature-regulated way

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspartate kinase (the HOM3 product) regulates the metabolic flux through the threonine biosynthetic pathway through feedback inhibition by the end product. In order to obtain a strain able to produce threonine in a controlled way, we have isolated a mutant allele (HOM3-ts31d) that gives rise to a deregulated aspartate kinase. This allele has been isolated as an extragenic suppressor of ilv1, which confers an Ilv+ phenotype at 37 degrees C but not at 22 degrees C. We have stated that at high temperature the mutant aspartate kinase is slightly more deregulated and shows a higher specific activity, inducing threonine accumulation. The HOM3-ts31d allele carries a mutation that leads to a Ser399 --> Phe substitution in the postulated regulatory region of the enzyme. We have detected other changes in the nucleotide sequence but they are also present in the parental strain, reflecting the genetic differences between different wild-type strains. A sequence comparison among all the reported mutant aspartate kinases suggests that not all residues involved in regulation of the activity are clustered in the so-called regulatory domain, as is the case of that mutated in AK-R7, another deregulated aspartate kinase obtained with the same strategy of ilv1 suppression.     

苏氨酸基于表面活性效应在碳糊电极上的伏安行为研究

研究了苏氨酸在表面活性剂存在下于碳糊电极上的电化学行为,发现表面活性剂能显著提高苏氨酸的氧化电流,在此基础上,建立了一种直接测定苏氨酸的电化学方法。优化了测定条件,即介质的pH、扫描速度、富集时间和表面活性剂的种类等。氧化峰电流与苏氨酸在2.0×10-7~3.0×10-5mol/L之间呈良好的线性关系,检出限为7.56×10-9mol/L。应用于实际样品分析,回收率为97%~105%。     

L-苏氨酸高产菌株的选育及发酵条件优化研究

采用L-苏氨酸生产菌HXS101(AHVR,Ile-)为出发菌株,经NTG诱变处理,选育出一株L-苏氨酸高产菌株HXS315为目的突变株,在10L发酵罐产酸率最高达到94.4 g/L (36 h),然后对其进行发酵条件优化,使菌株HXS315的L-苏氨酸10L发酵罐产酸率提高到105.1g/L (36h).     

蒸氨塔在苏氨酸废水处理中的应用

针对苏氨酸废水的有机浓度高、NH3-N含量高、处理难度大的特点，采用蒸氨塔除氨-水解酸化-接触氧化法处理工艺，介绍了蒸氨塔系统的结构、工作原理和操作条件。运行结果表明只要控制好蒸氨塔的操作条件和废水的pH值，对NH3-N可达到较高的去除效率，出水水质可以达到《污水综合排放标准》。     

DL—苏氨酸的合成研究

研究了苏氨酸的合成工艺,甘氨酸与硫酸铜络合后,在碱催化下与乙醛进行羟醛缩合、经铵型离子交换树脂脱铜,浓缩,醇析制得ＤＬ－苏氨酸。试验经正交设计,得出最佳方案,以甘氨酸计产率可达７７％探讨了物料配比、ＰＨ值,反应温度及离子交换脱铜等因素对产率的影响,并论证了两种反应机理的可信性。结果表明,本研究与国内外现行工艺相比具有操作简单,生产周期短,后处理简便、废液回收切实可行、产率高等优点,具有一定的工业价     

植物多酚通过PI3K/Akt信号通路抗肿瘤作用研究进展

磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶B（phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/serine/threonine kinase B,PI3K/Akt）信号通路是一条经典的抑制细胞凋亡、促进细胞增殖的信号转导通路,在肿瘤、心血管疾病、神经系统疾病和糖尿病等的防治中发挥重要作用,特别是肿瘤。PI3K/Akt信号通路的异常活化与肿瘤的发生、侵袭和转移等过程密切相关,对该通路的研究已成为当今国内外治疗肿瘤的焦点。植物多酚因具有抗肿瘤作用而成为预防肿瘤的天然药物。本文综述了PI3K/Akt信号通路的结构、活化机制以及与肿瘤的关系,总结植物多酚通过该信号通路对肿瘤细胞的作用机制,以期为研发植物多酚作为预防肿瘤的保健食品或药品提供一定的科学依据。