弹药包装冲击强度试验方法的改进研究

介绍一种新的弹药包装冲击强度试验方法，应用该试验方法可以防止冲击强度试验时出现与期望值相反的现象。     

ICT在弹药检测中的应用

探讨了采用ICT技术对弹药进行无损检测的可行性，介绍了ICT系统的组成，重点讨论了提高ICT成像质量所采取的措施，给出了弹药中缺陷的CT扫描图像。结果表明ICT技术具有其它常规检测方法无法比拟的优越性，对弹药有很好的检测效果。     

Comparative Study of 9×19 mm Ammunition Combustion Products and Residues

During the last decades, authorities’ awareness on environmental and human health impact at national and international level has increased in the field of small arms ammunition containing lead and antimony. Thus, the evolution of environmental policies regarding production and use of heavy metals and their compounds, especially in EU countries, implied extensive studies on the environmental implications of 9×19 mm caliber ammunition use, especially in indoor shooting ranges. In this context, the paper describes the experimental studies performed on Pb‐containing conventional FMJ (full metal jacketed) ammunition and comparative measurements on new ammunition designed for training. The combustion products and residues from conventional Pb‐containing ammunition and Cu‐based “greener” ammunition were compared in terms of gaseous products, metal concentration in aerosols and metal concentrations in solid residues. Gas emissions and solid residues were measured for four different types of ammunitions. The results showed that the copper content of the residue is significantly higher in case of Cu‐containing composite bullets. For the ammunition equipped with Pb bullet, an important percentage of the Pb residue is generated by erosion of the exposed part of the bullet core. On the other hand, the ammunition containing Cu‐composite bullet generates large quantities of Cu residues, which have similar environmental impact and less impact on human health. Gas analysis indicated the presence of CO and NO_x and, surprisingly, high concentrations of HCN, CH₄, and NH₃. Lower gas concentrations are obtained for the composite bullets due to an incomplete combustion of gun propellant.     

发泡工艺对某一新型药柱微观结构影响的分析

通过电镜(SEM)观察不同发泡工艺条件(发泡剂含量、发泡剂粒度、发泡温度、发泡时间)下的某一新型弹药柱的微观结构,分析影响微观结构的主要因素,以此为改进的药柱的发泡工艺提高实验数据基础.     

Ingestion of lead from ammunition and lead concentrations in white-tailed sea eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla) in Sweden

In this study we show for the first time that lead poisoning from ammunition is a significant mortality factor for white-tailed sea eagle (WSE) (Haliaeetus albicilla) in Sweden. We analyzed 118 WSEs collected between 1981 and 2004 from which both liver and kidney samples could be taken. A total of 22% of all eagles examined had elevated (> 6 µg/g d.w.) lead concentrations, indicating exposure to leaded ammunition, and 14% of the individuals had either liver or kidney lead concentrations diagnostic of lethal lead poisoning (> 20 µg/g d.w.). Lead concentrations in liver and kidney were significantly correlated. In individuals with lead levels < 6 µg/g, concentrations were significantly higher in kidney than in liver; in individuals with lead levels > 20 µg/g, concentrations were significantly higher in liver. The lead isotope ratios indicate that the source of lead in individuals with lethal concentrations is different from that of individuals exhibiting background concentrations of lead (< 6 µg/g d.w.) There were no significant sex or age differences in lead concentrations. A study from the Baltic reported in principle no biomagnification of lead, but background lead concentrations in WSE liver in this study were still four to > 10 times higher than concentrations reported for Baltic fish from the same time period. In contrast to other biota there was no decrease in lead concentrations in WSE over the study period. The proportion of lead poisoned WSE remained unchanged over the study period, including two years after a partial ban of lead shot was enforced in 2002 for shallow wetlands. The use of lead in ammunition poses a threat to all raptors potentially feeding on shot game or offal. The removal of offal from shot game and alternatives to leaded ammunition needs to be implemented in order to prevent mortality from lead in raptors and scavengers.     

通用弹药集装方法研究

阐述了弹药包装的作用，对可能用于弹药包装上的常见集装方法进行了具体的技术分析，提出了实用性的通用弹药集装方法。     

PAP-D复合材料盐雾老化研究

分析了在海岛弹药储存可靠性下降的原因中，盐雾是海岛弹药储存可靠性下降的一个重要原因；通过对新型材料-PAP-D复合材料的耐盐雾老化试验；指出PAP-D复合材料的耐盐雾效果及在海岛洞库防潮领域的应用前景。     

自动化涂装生产线在弹药行业中的应用

论述了自动化涂装生产线在弹药行业中的应用,阐述了自动化涂装生产线采用输送系统、水帘式喷漆室、涂装系统、流平室、烘干固化系统、废气处理装置、电气控制系统等多项关键技术,实现弹体安全自动化涂装,人机隔离,危险工序无人操作,最大限度地降低事故发生率,大大提高了生产的一致性和产品质量。该生产线可安全、稳定可靠地应用于军品生产,提高了我国弹药行业弹体表面涂装的技术水平,可产生巨大的经济效益、社会效益和军事效益。     

柔性冲压技术在弹药生产中的应用

在14.5mm特种弹装配中引入柔性冲压技术,利用数字化控制实现冲压过程的速度、压力在线控制和人机隔离.其冲压成形过程分预压和终压2个阶段.柔性冲压的速度控制通过电控流量调节阀实现,压力控制通过比例压力阀完成.由此,弹药冲压以气动压力机代替机械式压力机完成.     

薄壳工程弹药聚能射流销毁技术

阐述了用聚能装药销毁薄壳工程弹药的设计原则,进行了射流销毁薄壳TNT和薄壳B炸药试验。利用有限元AUTODYN-2D程序对小尺寸聚能射流冲击起爆薄壳装药进行计算,分析了大炸高下对薄壳弹药的作用效果。结果表明,小尺寸聚能射流可以在一定炸高下销毁薄壳弹药但不产生强烈的爆轰或飞散破片。