Laboratory Studies to Determine Suitable Chemicals to Improve Oil Recovery from Garzan Oil Field

Garzan oil field is located at the south east of Turkey. It is a mature oil field and the reservoir is fractured carbonate reservoir. After producing about 1% original oil in place (OOIP) reservoir pressure started to decline. Waterflooding was started in order to support reservoir pressure and also to enhance oil production in 1960. Waterflooding improved the oil recovery but after years of flooding water breakthrough at the production wells was observed. This increased the water/oil ratio at the production wells. In order to enhance oil recovery again different techniques were investigated. Chemical enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods are gaining attention all over the world for oil recovery. Surfactant injection is an effective way for interfacial tension (IFT) reduction and wettability reversal. In this study, 31 different types of chemicals were studied to specify the effects on oil production. This paper presents solubility of surfactants in brine, IFT and contact angle measurements, imbibition tests, and lastly core flooding experiments. Most of the chemicals were incompatible with Garzan formation water, which has high divalent ion concentration. In this case, the usage of 2-propanol as co-surfactant yielded successful results for stability of the selected chemical solutions. The results of the wettability test indicated that both tested cationic and anionic surfactants altered the wettability of the carbonate rock from oil-wet to intermediate-wet. The maximum oil recovery by imbibition test was reached when core was exposed 1-ethly ionic liquid after imbibition in formation water. Also, after core flooding test, it is concluded that considerable amount of oil can be recovered from Garzan reservoir by waterflooding alone if adverse effects of natural fractures could be eliminated.     

Encapsulation and Ostwald Ripening of Au and Au–Cl Complex Nanostructures in Silica Shells

We report a general template strategy for rational fabrication of a new class of nanostructured materials consisting of multicore shell particles. Our approach is demonstrated by encapsulating Au or Pt nanoparticles in silica shells. Other superstructures of these hollow shells, like dimers, trimers, and tetramers can also be formed by nanoparticle‐mediated self‐assembly. We have also used the as‐prepared multicore Au–silica hollow particles to perform the first studies of Ostwald ripening in confined microspace, in which chloride was found to be an efficient mediating ligand. After treatment with aqua regia, Au–Cl complex is formed inside the shell, and is found to be very active under in situ transmission electron microscopy observations while confined in a microcell. This aspect of the work is expected to motivate further in situ studies of confined crystal growth.     

放置过滤器浇注系统的设计

综述了常用的网型、芯型、泡沫陶瓷过滤器的研究和应用情况。指出应根据过滤器类型，确定其在浇注系统中的安放位置并相应改变该处的结构和截面积，以便在使用过滤器净化金属的同时，保证充型速度不变。     

接触低浓度一氧化碳工人行为功能改变

文章选择接触一氧化碳（ＣＯ）工人６１人为观察组（另选５６人作为对照组）进行了ＷＨＯ推荐的神经行为核心测试组合（ＷＨＯ－ＮＣＴＢ）研究。结果表明：接触组在情感状态、简单反应时、数字跨度、手工敏捷度、数字译码和视觉保留等项目的标准得分显著低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），并且在简单反应时和手工敏捷度两项指标上存在剂量－反应关系。提示长期反复接触ＣＯ可对中枢视觉系统功能状态产生不良改变。     

低渗透率地层渗透率的确定方法

结合大庆油田外围低渗透率地层的地质特点,根椐渗流理论和岩心分析资料,分析了地层渗透率与孔隙度、组成地层的各种矿物含量以及泥质含量之间的关系,建立了不同矿物组合地层的渗透率计算方程。用本方法计算的和岩心分析的渗透率进行了对比,二者之间具有较好的一致性。     

薄板坯连铸工艺液芯压下的有限元分析

简要介绍世界几种主要薄板坯连铸工艺。着重叙述应用大型通用商业软件MSC.MARC。模拟液芯压下时铸坯的变形，确定最佳压下方案的有限元分析，液芯压下应该在结晶器出口处及二冷区扇形段开始部分进行，这样能减小铸坯的应变。     

基于IP核复用技术的SoC设计

概述了国内外IP产业的发展情况,论述了我国发展IP核复用技术SoC设计的可能性和必要性,指出我国急需发展的关键芯片及IP核种类.     

微晶合金在电流互感器中的应用

从微晶合金的性能特点出发，分析了其在电流互感器中的应用前景。