基于LC-Triple TOF MS/MS技术分析杜仲不同药用部位化学成分差异

为探讨杜仲不同药用部位(杜仲、杜仲叶和杜仲雄花)化学成分的差异,采用液相色谱-串联三重四极杆飞行时间高分辨质谱(LC-Triple TOF MS/MS)结合多元统计分析技术对杜仲不同药用部位的化学成分进行差异分析。通过对多级串联质谱数据进行峰匹配、峰对齐、滤噪处理等分析,提取特征峰;用聚类分析(HCA)、主成分分析(PCA)和偏最小二乘法-判别分析(PLS-DA)进行数据处理;通过一级质谱精确质荷比和二级质谱碎片信息,结合软件数据库搜索、标准品比对及相关文献进行成分鉴定。结果显示:杜仲、杜仲叶与杜仲雄花三者的化学组成可得到明显区分;初步筛选鉴定出23种差异显著的化学成分,且呈现不同的变化规律。杜仲、杜仲叶及杜仲雄花化学成分的差异及其变化规律,可为揭示三者药效差异的物质基础提供依据。     

山银花黄酮类化合物药理作用的研究进展

山银花在疾病的防治过程中起着非常重要的作用,本文就山银花物种的地域分布、山银花黄酮类化合物的化学成分以及该化合物在抗菌、抗病毒、抗氧化、解热降温、抗动脉粥样硬化、毒副作用及其他方面药理学作用的最新研究进行了综述,为山银花进一步地研究开发与利用提供参考依据。     

金银花保健饮品研究进展

论述了金银花的保健作用和功能成分及金银花保健饮品的开发现状,并对金银花保健饮品的研究与开发进行了展望.     

金银花不同提取物的油脂抗氧化效果研究

为了比较金银花水提物与醇提物对油脂抗氧化的性质,采用Schall烘箱法评价猪油的过氧化值(PV)变化,同时研究了不同提取物清除DPPH·自由基的效果。结果表明:金银花的2种粗提物均具有一定的抑制油脂过氧化的能力,且总体上醇提物的抗氧化能力优于水提物。金银花醇提物的抗氧化能力与BHT、TBHQ相当。其清除自由基的能力表明:金银花提取物对油脂体系的抗氧化可能是通过清除自由基,从而抑制油脂的氧化自由基链式反应。金银花具有良好的抗氧化能力,可以开发成天然抗氧化剂。     

Plant Phenolics Extraction from Flos Chrysanthemi: Response Surface Methodology Based Optimization and the Correlation Between Extracts and Free Radical Scavenging Activity

Huaiju is one of the most famous and widely used Flos Chrysanthemi (FC) for medicinal purposes in China. Although various investigations aimed at phenolics extraction from other FC have been reported, a thorough optimization of the phenolics extraction conditions from Huaiju has not been achieved. This work applied the widely used response surface methodology (RSM) to investigate the effects of 3 independent variables including ethanol concentration (%), extraction time (min), and solvent‐to‐material ratio (mL/g) on the ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) of phenolics from FC. The data suggested the optimal UAE condition was an ethanol concentration of 75.3% and extraction time of 43.5 min, whereas the ratio of solvent to material has no significant effect. When the free radical scavenging ability was used as an indicator for a successful extraction, a similar optimal extraction was achieved with an ethanol concentration of 72.8%, extraction time of 44.3 min, and the ratio of solvent to material was 29.5 mL/g. Furthermore, a moderate correlation between the antioxidant activity of TP extract and the content of extracted phenolic compounds was observed. Moreover, a well consistent of the experimental values under optimal conditions with those predicted values suggests RSM successfully optimized the UAE conditions for phenolics extraction from FC.

Practical Application

The work of the research investigated the plant phenolics in Flos Chrysanthemi and antioxidant capacities. These results of this study can support the development of antioxidant additive and relative food.     

Characterization of Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Flos Lonicerae

Antioxidants are emerging as prophylactic and therapeutic agents for various diseases. However, little is known about the antioxidant property of the extract from Flos Lonicerae, a medically useful traditional Chinese medicine herb. Here the antioxidant capacity of water, methanolic and 70% ethanolic extracts prepared from Flos Lonicerae to scavenge DPPH radical and reduce Fe³⁺ to Fe²⁺ is evaluated. Chlorogenic acid, a major component of Flos Lonicerae, is identified and further purified from 70% ethanolic extract with HPLC and its antioxidant capacity is also characterized. The content of total phenolic compounds and chlorogenic acid in Flos Lonicerae is determined. The present results demonstrate that all Flos Lonicerae extracts examined here exhibit antioxidant activity and chlorogenic acid is a major contributor to this activity, which implicates that the Flos Lonicerae extract may serve as potential source of natural antioxidants for treatment of some diseases.     

Purification of chlorogenic acid in Flos Lonicerae with system of polar ordered resins

A system of polar ordered resins was established for purification of chlorogenic acid in Flos Lonicerae. It was composed of three reversed phase resins, AB-8, DM-130 and NKA-9, representative for their gradually increased polarity and selectivity. A method of RP-HPLC was used for determination of chlorogenic acid. And the performance of adsorption and desorption for chlorogenic acid with the system of polar ordered resins was studied. Furthermore, the effects of concentration, pH and flow rate of the adsorbate on adsorption ability were researched. It is indicated that the optimum parameters for chlorogenic acid are as follows： pH 3.5 with a flow rate of 2.5 BV/h, the concentration of extract solution at 0.50, 0.40, 0.30 g/L respectively for the adsorptive operation twice, and 6.93, 8.66, 10.39 mol/L ethanol used as gradient eluants. The purity of resulted product of chlorogenic acid arrives 70.20% with yield of 89.79%. With simple procedures, low costs and high purity product, the method of system of polar ordered resins followed by sequential reversed phase separations can be used to refine the chlorogenic acid in the extraction of Flos Lonicerae.     

槐花黄色素的提取工艺

对槐花黄色素提取的工艺进行了研究，考察了提取温度、时间、物料质量浓度等影响因素对色素得率的影响，并通过单因素以及正交试验确定了最佳提取条件：提取时间1h，物料质量浓度0．1g／mL，在100℃下提取3次。     

Authentication of the 31 species of toxic and potent Chinese Materia Medica by light microscopy,part 3: Two species of T/PCMM from flowers and their common adulterants

Toxic and potent Chinese Materia Medica (T/PCMM) has become a hot and sensitive topic as more and more people around the world are interested in the safety of herbal medicines. T/PCMM is irreplaceable in treating some diseases; but it can easily cause serious problems if confused with other herbal medicines. Accurate identification is essential to ensure their safe use, but up to now, the literature on the authentication of T/PCMM is scant. Thus, we are undertaking a study of 31 T/PCMM originating from plants, animals, minerals, and secreta. Our previous study established microscopic observation as a simple, fast, accurate, and convenient method for identifying and authenticating animal and seed T/PCMM. This study focused on the authentication of flower T/PCMM as a part of the whole study. The flower T/PCMM studies were derived from two species, Datura metel L. (Flos Daturae) and Rhododendron molle G. Don (Flos Rhododendri Mollis). Other species easily confused with these two were also examined and characterized. Using the microscope camera, normal light and polarized light microscopy, we determined the macroscopic and microscopic features of the flowers; in addition, the oil immersion lens was used to study the pollen grain characteristics. The results demonstrated that flower T/PCMM can be identified and authenticated using a light microscope equipped with an oil immersion lens. This same equipment can be easily used to characterize other herbal flower medicines. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

山银花资源的功能特性与综合利用

山银花为药食同源中药材,具有抗氧化、免疫调节、抗炎和抗菌等多种药理保健功能。文章以山银花资源的应用历史、功效成分和药理活性等的研究进展为基础,分别对山银花及其副产物资源的综合利用现状进行总结,从药品、食品、日化及农业投入品等用途对山银花资源的高值化综合利用进行了深入探讨,并对山银花资源的综合利用及山银花产业的可持续发展进行了展望。