γ-射线辐照对芳纶纤维复合材料力学性能的影响

本文研究了γ-射线辐照处理对三维编织芳纶纤维增强铸型尼龙(简称K3D／MCPA)复合材料力学性能的影响。研究表明，经γ线处理的芳纶纤维，表面氧含量有所提高，纤维表面活性增大；纤维经表面处理后的弯曲强度、弯曲模量及剪切强度均比未处理的高，但冲击强度较低。     

Dynamic response of Kevlar®29/epoxy laminates under projectile impact-experimental investigation

This authors of this article investigated the dynamic response of woven Kevlar®29/epoxy laminates subjected to the impact loading. The cylindrical aluminum foam projectile and steel projectile were used to exert the impulse on the laminates. Deformation/failure modes, deflections, strain histories, and failure mechanisms were obtained and discussed. The results showed that with the high toughness of Kevlar fiber, the deformation modes of the laminates exhibited some characteristics similar to the metal panel, such as large global deformation. The failure mechanisms like matrix failure, fiber splitting, and fibrillation were observed. These micron failures led to the macroscopic delamination and fracture of the laminates.     

Low velocity impact of combination Kevlar/carbon fiber sandwich composites

Impact, compression after impact, and tensile stiffness properties of carbon fiber and Kevlar combination sandwich composites were investigated in this study. The different samples consisted of impact-side facesheets having different combinations of carbon fiber/Kevlar and carbon fiber/hybrid. The bottom facesheets remained entirely carbon fiber to maintain the high overall flexural stiffness of the sandwich composite. The focus of this research was to determine if any improvement in impact properties existed as a result of replacing the impact-side facesheet layers of carbon fiber with Kevlar or hybrid. Impact tests were conducted on different sample types to obtain information about absorbed energy and maximum impact force. Also, compression after impact tests were conducted to determine the reduction in compressive strength when comparing impacted to non-impacted samples. The elastic moduli of carbon fiber, Kevlar, and hybrid were determined from tensile testing. This data was used to characterize the reduction in stiffness from replacing carbon fiber layers with the Kevlar or hybrid layers. The experimental data in its entirety helps define the benefits and disadvantages of replacing carbon fiber layers with Kevlar or hybrid.     

Kevlar缝线表面处理对炭纤维/双马来酰亚胺树脂缝合复合材料界面性能的影响

为了改善Kevlar缝线缝合复合材料的耐湿热性能, 采用化学接枝烯丙基的方法对Kevlar缝合线进行表面改性处理。通过力学测试、 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、 光电子能谱分析(XPS)对表面改性的纤维进行表征。实验结果表明, 化学处理的Kevlar缝线表面变得粗糙, 缝线表面氧元素的含量提高23%, 在合适的处理条件下, 缝线的拉伸强度降低很小。同时通过测试干、 湿态下炭纤维/双马来酰亚胺树脂缝合复合材料层压板的层间剪切强度, 研究了化学表面处理的Kevlar缝线对缝合炭纤维/双马来酰亚胺树脂复合材料界面性能的影响。测试结果显示, 表面处理后Kevlar缝线缝合的复合材料的吸湿率降低约52%, 湿态层间剪切强度保持率提高15%。      

磷酸处理芳纶纤维的缠绕环氧树脂基体

在用磷酸(PA)溶液处理芳纶纤维的基础上, 系统研究了适用于制备高性能芳纶纤维增强复合材料的缠绕环氧树脂基体, 测试了复合材料的力学性能和热机械性能, 讨论了树脂基体对芳纶纤维增强复合材料界面性能的影响。结果表明: 经过磷酸溶液处理的芳纶纤维表面存在一定量的极性官能团, 与缩水甘油酯类环氧树脂有良好的界面相容性; 经过优化的树脂体系其芳纶纤维增强复合材料的NOL环(Naval Ordnance Laboratory Ring)纤维强度转化率达到95％, 层间剪切强度(ILSS)达到79MPa, 界面剪切强度(IFSS)达到76MPa, 具有较好的界面性能。      

芳纶纤维增强丁腈橡胶的摩擦性能

研究了芳纶纤维增强丁腈橡胶(NBR)复合材料的物理机械性能和摩擦性能,并用扫描电子显微镜分析了芳纶纤维增强NBR复合材料的磨损表面和磨屑形貌。结果表明,芳纶的加入提高了NBR的拉伸强度;随着芳纶用量的增大,复合材料的扯断伸长率降低;芳纶的加入降低了NBR的摩擦系数和磨损率;当芳纶用量为20份时,复合材料的综合性能最佳。加入芳纶对NBR摩擦磨损形式的改变是NBR摩擦性能提高的重要原因。     

3D打印连续芳纶纤维/聚乳酸波纹夹层结构复合材料的压缩性能研究

以连续芳纶纤维(Kevlar)为增强体,热塑性聚乳酸(PLA)为基体,采用熔融沉积成型(FDM)工艺,设计并制备了一体成型的Kevlar/PLA波纹夹层结构复合材料。研究了Kevlar/PLA波纹夹层结构复合材料在压缩载荷下的断裂模式,分析了结构参数、工艺参数对试样的压缩性能和结构密度的影响。结果表明,随着芯层波纹数量的增加,试样的压缩性能与结构密度均呈增大趋势;随着芯层波纹高度的增大,试样的压缩强度先增大后减小,结构密度不断减小;随着打印层高的增大,试样中的纤维体积含量不断减少,试样的压缩强度略有下降。     

带束层角度对轮胎印痕的影响

试验研究以锦纶帘线为胎体,以芳纶与锦纶的复合帘线为带束层的子午线轮胎,带束层角度对轮胎印痕的影响。试验结果表明：在同种条件下,随着轮胎带束层角度的变化,轮胎接地印痕、受力分布发生变化。     

PTFE/Kevlar纤维编织材料摩擦损伤演变规律研究

目的 通过对PTFE/Kevlar纤维编织材料进行不同循环次数的往复摩擦磨损试验,研究并揭示其摩擦损伤演变规律和损伤机理.方法 采用MXW-5型摩擦磨损试验机,同时保持一定的位移和频率,对材料分别进行2、5、10 N等3种载荷等级下往复运动的不同循环次数试验.采用体视显微镜(SM)对材料磨损表面在试验过程中产生的宏观损伤进行分析,利用3D光学显微镜(3D-OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线能谱仪(EDS)对损伤表面的微观形貌以及化学状态加以分析.结果 3种不同载荷条件下的样品,在达到1000次循环往复运动之前,摩擦因数增大0.05,1000～5000次增幅减缓为0.02,并逐渐趋于稳定.不同循环次数下,损伤表面形成了不同大小的PTFE转移膜,将表面C元素覆盖.3种载荷下,编织材料的磨损机制主要为疲劳磨损.结论 在载荷不变的条件下,随着循环次数的增加,前期编织材料磨痕表面部分区域会形成PTFE转移膜,对Kevlar纤维产生一定的保护作用,进而降低表面磨损程度.随着表面磨损程度不断加剧,磨痕表面形成的PTFE转移膜剥落,导致纤维重新暴露在表面,使磨损进一步加剧.同时,随着材料样品磨损不断严重,磨痕表面的氧化程度不断加深.     

破片侵彻陶瓷/芳纶复合装甲数值模拟

利用三维非线性动力有限元程序LS-DYNA,建立了破片侵彻陶瓷/芳纶复合材料装甲的有限元分析模型,描述了侵彻过程的物理和力学现象,得出了一些重要参量的变化规律,与破片侵彻相同面密度的均质装甲钢装甲进行了比较.陶瓷/芳纶复合装甲的抗侵彻能力要优于相同面密度的均质钢装甲.