Oxidation protection of NiCoCrAlY coatings on γ-TiAl

The effect of NiCoCrAlY overlay coatings on the oxidation resistance of γ-TiAl was studied at 900 ℃ in static air. To hinder the interdiffusion of the elements, the Al/Al2O3 layer was added between the coating and the alloy. The results show that the TiAl alloy exhibits poor oxidation resistance. NiCoCrAlY coating can not effectively protect the γ-TiAl substrate from high temperature oxidation because of the serious interdiffusion between the coating and the substrates. With Al/Al2O3 diffusion barrier, the NiCoCrAlY coating exhibits excellent oxidation protection on γ-TiAl alloy.     

Oxidation behaviour of the alloy IC-6 and protective coatings

In this work, NiCoCrAlY coatings were deposited on a new Ni-base alloy, IC-6. The oxidation kinetic curves of alloy IC-6, K17 and NiCoCrAlY coatings on alloy IC-6 at 900-1100 °C were obtained. The results indicated that the oxide scales consisted of α-Al₂O₃, NiAl₂O₄, NiO, as well as a small amount of NiMoO₄ and MoO₂. These scales occurred after alloy IC-6 exposure at 900 °C for 100 h. The weight loss occurred when alloy IC-6 were exposed at 1050 and 1100 °C due to the formation of volatile MoO₃. After the NiCoCrAlY coating was deposited, the scales mainly contained α-Al₂O₃, when the specimens were oxidized at 900 °C, and α-Al₂O₃and Cr₂O₃ at 1050 °C. The formation of α-Al₂O₃ and Cr₂O₃ scales on NiCoCrAlY coating was directly responsible for improving oxidation resistance of the alloy IC-6.     

Structural characteristics and high-temperature tribological behaviors of laser cladded NiCoCrAlY–B4C composite coatings on Ti6Al4V alloy

In order to improve the hardness and tribological performance of Ti6Al4V alloy, NiCoCrAlY–B₄C composite coatings with B₄C of 5%, 10% and 15% (mass fraction) were fabricated on its surface by laser cladding (LC). The morphologies, chemical compositions and phases of obtained coatings were analyzed using scanning electronic microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The effects of B₄C mass fraction on the coefficient of friction (COF) and wear rate of NiCoCrAlY–B₄C coatings were investigated using a ball-on-disc wear tester. The results show that the NiCoCrAlY–B₄C coatings with different B₄C mass fractions are mainly composed of NiTi, NiTi₂, α-Ti, CoO, AlB₂, TiC, TiB and TiB₂ phases. The COFs and wear rates of NiCoCrAlY–B₄C coatings decrease with the increase of B₄C content, which are contributed to the improvement of coating hardness by the B₄C addition. The wear mechanisms of NiCoCrAlY–B₄C coatings are changed from adhesive wear and oxidation wear to fatigue wear with the increase of B₄C content.     

NiCoCrAlY涂层和NiCr涂层的抗腐蚀性能

以镍基高温合金GH907为基体,通过低压等离子喷涂和超音速火焰喷涂技术制备了NiCoCrA-lY涂层和NiCr涂层,并对样品进行了真空热处理.对热处理前后的涂层进行常温中性盐雾腐蚀及电化学性能的研究表明:热处理前后NiCoCrAlY涂层的抗腐蚀性能均优于NiCr涂层,热处理后NiCoCrAlY涂层和NiCr涂层的腐蚀等级都有所提高,出现腐蚀的时间推迟.     

电子束熔凝NiCoCrAlY涂层的高温氧化行为分析

在GH140高温合金钢基体表面采用磁控溅射沉积NiCoCrAlY涂层,并用电子束进行熔凝处理。分析结果表明,电子束熔凝使NiCoCrAlY涂层与基体形成组分梯度变化的混合层,提高了涂层与基体的结合程度。涂层经1000℃和1100℃,10h的对比氧化试验,结果表明,在1000℃时,Cr扩散至表面,由于CrO3的挥发而迅速损耗,但Y的存在,在一定程度上减缓了Cr的损失速度。1100℃时起抗氧化作用的主要来自Al、Ti、Si、Mn等,Al的内氧化抑止了Al的外扩散。     

Hastelloy N合金表面激光熔覆NiCoCrAlY涂层在LiF-NaF-KF熔盐中的腐蚀行为研究

采用激光熔覆同步送粉技术在HastelloyN合金表面制备了NiCoCrAlY涂层,研究了HastelloyN基材和含NiCoCrAlY涂层的HastelloyN试样在900℃LiF-NaF-KF熔盐中的腐蚀行为。利用失重腐蚀法评估了试样的耐熔盐腐蚀能力,采用XRD和SEM表征了基材和涂层的物相组成、显微组织和腐蚀形貌,并结合EDS分析了微区成分。结果表明,NiCoCrAlY涂层试样的腐蚀速率仅为Hastelloy N基材的2/3。Hastelloy N基材表现为晶间腐蚀,其中Cr元素沿晶界发生选择性脱溶腐蚀,腐蚀前由γ-Ni和M_6C(M为Ni、Co、Cr等)等物相组成,腐蚀后新析出Co_9Mo_(21)Ni_(20)相。NiCoCrAlY涂层表现为均匀腐蚀,其中Al元素充当"消耗品"由涂层均匀向外扩散,形成的腐蚀产物可阻碍涂层中其它元素的扩散从而保护基材,腐蚀前主要由γ-Ni、Al_(0.983)Cr_(0.017)、AlNi_3等物相组成,腐蚀后只存在γ-Ni相。NiCoCrAlY涂层显著提高了基材的耐熔盐腐蚀性能。     

Low cycle fatigue behaviour of a plasma-sprayed coating material

Single crystal nickel-base superalloys employed in turbine blade applications are often used with a plasma-sprayed coating for oxidation and hot corrosion resistance. These coatings may also affect fatigue life of the superalloy substrate. As part of a larger programme to understand the fatigue behaviour coated single crystals, fully reversed, total-strain controlled fatigue tests were run on a ‘free standing’ NiCoCrAiY coating alloy, PWA 276, at 0.1 Hz. Fatigue tests were conducted at 650°C, where the NiCoCrAiY alloy has modest ductility, and at 1050°C, where it is extremely ductile, showing tensile elongation in excess of 100%. At the lower test temperature, deformation-induced disordering softened the NiCoCrAlY alloy, while at the higher test temperature cyclic hardening was observed which was linked to gradual coarsening of the two-phase microstructure. Fatigue life of the NiCoCrAlY alloy was significantly longer at the higher temperature. Further, the life of the NiCoCrAlY alloy exceeds that of coated, [001]-oriented PWA 1480 single crystals at 1050°C, but at 650°C the life of the coated crystal is greater than that of the NiCoCrAlY alloy on a total strain basis.     

Investigation of an as‐sprayed NiCoCrAlY overlay coating – microstructure and evolution of the coating

A low pressure plasma sprayed (LPPS) NiCoCrAlY aircraft turbine blade overlay coating was investigated in the as‐sprayed condition by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and analytical transmission electron microscopic (TEM) techniques. γ‐Ni, β‐NiAl and γ′‐Ni₃Al phases were identified by XRD showing predominant γ phase at the expense of β phase if compared to the fully processed state with γ and β at about equal portions. Besides grains of γ‐Ni and β‐NiAl, amorphous metallic grains and Cr‐rich oxides were found by TEM. Close to the surface to the atmosphere γ′‐Ni₃Al phase was localized in composite grains with an off‐plane oriented γ‐γ′ fibrous eutectic structure. They were neighbored by amorphous metallic grains. The evolution of these structures is discussed within the scope of crystal growth behavior. The dominant occurrence of face‐centered cubic at the expense of body‐centered phases observed in as‐sprayed coatings is attributed to their higher growth rates on quenching. Also benefiting from rapid growth the γ‐γ′ fibrous eutectic grains will form, hereby relying on essentially binary phase compositions of highly extended solubility ranges. Accumulation of alloy constituents like Cr and Ti by segregation to the growth front is considered to pave the way for the evolution of amorphous grains at the coating surface on top of γ‐γ′ grains. The potentials of the microstructures in service are addressed.     

NiCoCrAlY真空熔炼过程中Y损失行为的研究

采用真空感应熔炼的方法制备了NiCoCrAlY合金,对合金熔炼过程中Y损失率与温度的关系及其损失过程进行了研究。结果表明,熔炼过程中元素Y主要通过向周围环境挥发、与熔渣中有害元素反应和与坩埚反应三种方式产生损失。Y的损失随着温度的升高而逐渐增加,当温度达到1853K时,由于熔体与坩埚发生剧烈反应,导致Y的损失显著加剧。     

Structural characteristics and high-temperature oxidation behaviour of nano-HfO2-doped thermal barrier coatings

The uneven growth of thermally grown oxides (TGOs) in thermal barrier coating systems is an important cause of cracking failure at the coating interface in high-temperature environments. The doping of rare earth elements in the bonding layer can effectively inhibit the formation of spinel oxides in the TGO and improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the coating. However, a single rare earth element has a limited effect on inhibiting TGO failure. In this study, a NiCoCrAlYHf coating was prepared using a supersonic flame spraying (HVOF) technique. The effects of HfO₂ doping on the high-temperature oxidation behaviour of the coatings and diffusion behaviour of metallic elements in the coatings were investigated at 1100 °C. The results showed that the nano-sized HfO₂ filled the pores between the powder particles and improved the hardness of the coating. During the high-temperature oxidation process, the oxides formed by Hf and Y had a large size and low solubility, which effectively blocked the diffusion of Al. This slowed the generation of spinel oxides, effectively inhibited the growth of the TGO, it inhibits the initiation and propagation of cracks within the coating, reduces damage to the coating from tensile and compressive stresses at the interface, and improved the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the coating.