Electrochemical corrosion characteristics of ZrNi5−xCox alloys

The electrochemical corrosion behaviour of a series of ZrNi_5−xCo_x alloys with x=0-4 has been tested using potentiokinetic polarisation technique. The polarisation curves were measured in deaerated 0.5 M sulphate solutions with pH=0.2-7 and in strong alkaline solution of KOH (pH=15). It is shown that the presence of greater amounts of Co in the alloy (x?2) worsens the passivating properties of the alloy in acidified sulphate solutions. On the other hand, in strong alkaline solutions, both low- and high-cobalt alloys undergo stable passivation. The degree of Ni substitution by Co in the alloys does not generally affect the shape of cathodic polarisation curves.     

Characterizing corrosion behavior under atmospheric conditions using electrochemical techniques

AC and DC electrochemical experiments were performed as a function of humidity and contaminant concentration in an effort to identify the range of atmospheric environments where corrosion processes could be detected and possibly quantified. AC measurements exhibited two time constants at 25% relative humidity (RH), possibly indicating the ability to resolve both electrolyte resistance and interfacial impedance. Galvanic current measurements were sensitive to the presence of Cl_2(g) at 30% RH and electrochemical transients were detected at both 30% and 50% RH levels, also indicating sensitivity to interfacial processes. Higher humidity levels allowed better quantification due to decreasing electrolyte and interfacial impedances.     

Durability of a niobium thin film for bipolar plates in PEMFC

The durability of a niobium (Nb) thin film deposited on AISI 316L by magnetron sputtering was investigated in simulated polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) environments. The result of a potentiostatic test in a simulated corrosion environment showed that the current densities of the cathode and anode were 1.56 × 10⁻⁷ and -7.2 × 10⁻⁷ A/cm², respectively.Before and after the potentiostatic test, the value of the interfacial contact resistance (ICR) increased 40.1 mΩ cm² at 1.5 MPa. The cell performance observed with the Nb-bipolar plate (BP) was slightly decreased compared to the commercial graphite-BP over this test period. After a 300 h durability test, cell performance of the Nb-BP unit cell was slightly decreased by 5.4% at a current density of 400 mA/cm².     

外加压应力对Ti-35421合金钝化膜损伤修复影响的原位电化学研究

以Ti-35421(Ti-3Al-5Mo-4Cr-2Zr-1Fe)合金为研究对象,采用自制的钝化膜损伤修复原位电化学测试装置研究了模拟深海静水压力对Ti-35421合金经过Al₂O₃陶瓷刀划伤后钝化膜破裂损伤和自修复的原位电化学行为。Ti-35421合金在3.5%NaCl溶液中的钝化平台为-0.27～0.01 V。在-0.13 V钝化电压条件下极化并进行划痕实验,无压应力作用时破损钝化膜发生快速修复。压应力增大导致原子间结合力降低,金属溶解速度增加,再钝化减缓,在原位电化学上表现为电流上升,电流回复时间增长,自修复能力减弱。再钝化过程中的暂态阶段钝化膜生长符合线性高场模型。观察划痕形貌发现压应力下划痕槽中出现微裂纹,说明较高压应力损伤作用下在划痕槽近表面产生应力集中,对合金产生的伤害部分不可修复。钝化膜破损加剧和自修复能力减弱是残余应力与环境腐蚀共同作用的结果。     

Effects of pH and temperature on the deposition properties of stannate chemical conversion coatings formed by the potentiostatic technique on AZ91 D magnesium alloy

The effects of pH and temperature of a stannate bath on the quality of stannate chemical conversion coatings formed on AZ91 D magnesium alloy by using the potentiostatic polarization technique at E = −1.1 V were investigated in order to improve uniformity and corrosion protection performance of the coating films. It was found that the uniformity and corrosion resistance of coating films deposited by potentiostatic polarization were closely associated with pH and temperature of the coating bath. The pH and temperature to obtain the best coating film were investigated as a function of corrosion protection performance evaluated by curves of potentiodynamic anodic polarization conducted in borate buffer solution. Scanning electron microscope observation and electrochemical corrosion tests of the stannate-coated samples confirmed significant improvement in uniformity and corrosion resistivity of coating films deposited by the potentiostatic technique by modifying the pH and temperature of the coating bath. It was also found that uniformity and corrosion resistivity of the coating films deposited by the potentiostatic technique were considerably improved compared to those of coatings deposited by the simple immersion method at the best conditions of pH and temperature of the coating bath.     

磁场作用下铁在盐酸和氯化钠溶液中自腐蚀状态的变化

采用自腐蚀电位测量及恒电位极化法研究了磁场对铁在酸性与中性氯化的溶液中自腐蚀状态的作用。外加磁场使自腐蚀电位正移，撤去磁场使自腐蚀电位负移，没有磁场时在自腐蚀电位下极化然后外加磁场会导致磁致阴极电流；有磁场时自腐蚀电位下极化然后撤去磁场会导致磁致阳极电流。酸性溶液体系的磁致阴极电流值明显大于中性溶液体系，表现出磁场主要通过作用于析氢反应而影响自腐蚀状态。     

Effects of copper addition on the formation of inclusions and the resistance to pitting corrosion of high performance duplex stainless steels

To elucidate the effects of copper addition on the formation of inclusions and the resistance to pitting corrosion of alloys, potentiodynamic and potentiostatic polarization tests, a SEM-EDS analysis of inclusions, and thermodynamic calculations of the formation of inclusions were conducted. The addition of copper to the base alloy increased the number and area of numerous (Mn, Cr, (Al), (Fe)) oxides and oxy-sulfides due to an increase in the activity of chromium and resulted in decreased pitting resistance. The thermodynamic prediction of the formation of inclusions was in good agreement with the experimental results.     

Kinetics of oxygen reduction at composite electrodes with controlled three-phase boundaries by patterning YSZ column

The oxygen reduction mechanism was investigated at the porous LSM-patterned YSZ composite electrode by employing the ac-impedance spectroscopy and the potentiostatic current transient (PCT) technique. For this purpose, the dense YSZ pellet was patterned by a laser beam, and was then coated with the LSM slurry. The length of three-phase boundaries (TPBs) per unit area l_TPB was effectively controlled by varying the width of the YSZ column. From analyses of the ac-impedance spectra and the cathodic PCTs obtained from the electrodes based upon the modified transmission line model (TLM), it was first experimentally confirmed that the effective migration length l_m decreased with increasing l_TPB under the mixed migration and charge-transfer control. Secondly, as the value of l_TPB increases, the charge-transfer resistance R_ct is decreased to a more extent but the ion migration resistance R_i is reduced to a less extent. Finally, from a comparison of the cathodic PCTs measured on the porous LSM-YSZ composite electrode to those measured on the porous LSM-patterned YSZ composite electrode, the oxygen reduction kinetics at that porous composite electrode was discussed in terms of the steady-state current density i_st and the time to reach the steady-state current density t_st.     

Influence of pH on the electrochemical behaviour of a duplex stainless steel in highly concentrated LiBr solutions

The objective is to study the influence of pH on the corrosion and passive behaviour of duplex stainless steels (DSS) using potentiodynamic measurements, potentiostatic tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).DSS are spontaneously passive in heavy brine LiBr solutions. Under potentiostatic conditions at applied anodic potentials within the passive domain an equivalent circuit with two time constants is the most suitable model to describe the corrosion mechanism in the interface electrolyte/passive film/metal. pH modifies the electrochemical properties of the passivity of the alloy in a 992 g/L LiBr solution reducing its resistance with the applied potential.     

Fabricated super-hydrophobic film with potentiostatic electrolysis method on copper for corrosion protection

A novel one-step potentiostatic electrolysis method was proposed to fabricate super-hydrophobic film on copper surface. The resulted film was characterized by contact angle tests, Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and electrochemical measurements. It could be inferred that the super-hydrophobic property resulted from the flower-like structure of copper tetradecanoate film. In the presence of super-hydrophobic film, the anodic and cathodic polarization current densities are reduced for more than five and four orders of magnitude, respectively. The air trapped in the film is the essential contributor of the anticorrosion property of film for its insulation, the copper tetradecanoate film itself acts as a “frame” to trap air as well as a coating with inhibition effect. The super-hydrophobic film presents excellent inhibition effect to the copper corrosion and stability in water containing Cl⁻.