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1.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(65):28152-28164
The combustion characteristics of ammonia/methanol mixtures were investigated numerically in this study. Methanol has a dramatic promotive effect on the laminar burning velocity (LBV) of ammonia. Three mechanisms from literature and another four self-developed mechanisms constructed in this study were evaluated using the measured laminar burning velocities of ammonia/methanol mixtures from Wang et al. (Combust.Flame. 2021). Generally, none of the selected mechanisms can precisely predict the measured laminar burning velocities at all conditions. Aiming to develop a simplified and reliable mechanism for ammonia/methanol mixtures, the constructed mechanism utilized NUI Galway mechanism (Combust.Flame. 2016) as methanol sub-mechanism and the Otomo mechanism (Int. J. Hydrogen. Energy. 2018) as ammonia sub-mechanism was optimized and reduced. The reduced mechanism entitled ‘DNO-NH3’, can accurately reproduce the measured laminar burning velocities of ammonia/methanol mixtures under all conditions. A reaction path analysis of the ammonia/methanol mixtures based on the DNO-NH3 mechanism shows that methanol is not directly involved in ammonia oxidation, instead, the produced methyl radicals from methanol oxidization contribute to the dehydrogenation of ammonia. Besides, NOx emission analysis demonstrates that 60% methanol addition results in the highest NOx emissions. The most important reactions dominating the NOx consumption and production are identified in this study. 相似文献
2.
乙烯齐聚催化剂研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
乙烯齐聚是合成直链低碳α-烯烃最先进的方法,直链低碳α-烯烃可用于生产低密度聚乙烯和高密度聚乙烯等多种精细化学品。本文综述了乙烯齐聚催化体系的研究进展,重点介绍了镍、锆、钛催化剂的组成以及反应时间、反应温度、溶剂、助催化剂等因素对乙烯齐聚活性和选择性的影响,并讨论了典型镍的催化机理。 相似文献
3.
采用晶种技术,能有效地改善熟料的煅烧过程和熟料的质量。晶种和复合矿化剂的作用机理不同,在某些方面具有互补性。 相似文献
4.
5.
多元羧酸防皱机理的探讨 总被引:15,自引:2,他引:13
多元羧酸的防皱机理是近期织物防皱整理研究讨论的热点。其中,催化剂在体系中所起的作用现有多种说法,如催化成酐,催化成酯,以及既催化成酐又催化成酯和其他一些观点。本文就多元羧酸的防皱机理作一分析和归纳,并提出一些看法。 相似文献
6.
A framework of virtual prototyping environment for the design and analysis of mechanical mechanism with clearance 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Mechanical mechanisms with clearance abound in technological fields such as robotics, machine and steam turbine industry. The dynamic performance of these mechanisms in working condition can be achieved provided that the effects of the different on the mechanisms (such as mechanism dynamics, technological effects and thermal behaviour) are thoroughly understood. Virtual prototyping provides an integration of multi-domain dynamic simulation for the design and analysis process. In the current paper, a framework of virtual prototyping environment for the design and analysis of mechanical mechanism with clearance is presented. A case study with such a simulation strategy is studied for the optimum design and analysis of the technological parameter. 相似文献
7.
Aqueous solutions of five selected non-ionic surfactants: Triton (i-octylphenolethoxylates), Tergitol (2,6,8-trimethyl-4-nonanoloxethylates), Symperonic (n-nonylphenol-oxethylates) and Brij (fatty alcohol ethoxylates) were investigated in this study. Using the bioluminescent bacteria Vibrio fischeri the toxicity of the surfactants solutions were determined. An attempt was made to relate rather low biodegradability of nonionic surfactant solutions measured by the BOD5/COD ratio (ranging from 1 to 17%) to their toxicity. The ozonation process was carried out in a 1.5 dm3 stirred cell reactor equipped with two ozone detectors. The following parameters were analyzed: pH, COD, BOD5, DOC, TOC, polarography as well as UV spectrum. The positive effect of ozonation, represented by decay of UV absorption, was visible in almost complete destruction of the surfactants, with exception of Triton X-705 (only 65% degradation after absorption of 2000 mgO3/dm3). The most striking results were obtained in toxicity tests for ozonated solutions of the non-ionic surfactants – an increase of the bacterial growth inhibition (1.5 to 4 times increase in toxicity due to ozonation). The obtained results were discussed taking into account the literature and our own experimental data on mechanisms of ozonation and biodegradation of non-ionic surfactants of the Triton-type and similar chemical structures. 相似文献
8.
The contribution of an oil phase to the agglomeration mechanisms of food powders was evaluated. Maltodextrin (DE 10), palm oil stearin and two palm oil oleins (up to 25% dry mass) were used as food models. Granulation runs were carried out in a pilot plant steam jet agglomerator. The powders containing oleins were more cohesive than those with stearin and the presence of oil changed the agglomeration mechanisms. The size increase mechanism of pure maltodextrin powder was controlled by surface plasticization and agglomerates with suitable instant properties were obtained. Small amount of oil degenerated drastically the rate of dispersion in water of the powders and their agglomerates but the average size and the mechanical resistance of the agglomerates increased when the oil content of the powders increased. SEM micrographs of agglomerates indicated that higher lipid content in the powders produced compact granules, favoring sinkability but hindering their disintegration. Agglomeration enhanced considerably the flowability of the particles containing oil. The dispersion behavior of the powders with higher lipid content could be correlated with the Hausner Number. A pre-agglomeration step favored the blend of the more cohesive powders producing larger and more resistant agglomerates. 相似文献
9.
Setting baseline emissions is one of the principal tasks involved in awarding credits for greenhouse gas emission (GHG) mitigation projects under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). An emission baseline has to be project-specific in order to be accurate. However, project-specific baseline calculations are subject to high transaction costs, which disadvantage small-scale projects. For this reason, the CDM-Executive Board (CDM-EB) has approved simplified baseline methodologies for selected small-scale CDM project categories. While the simplified methods help reduce the transaction cost, they may also result in inaccuracies in the estimation of emission reductions from CDM projects. The purpose of this paper is to present a rigorous economic scheduling method for calculating the GHG emission reduction in a hypothetical competitive electricity industry due to the operation of a renewable energy-based power plant under CDM and compare the GHG emission reduction derived from the rigorous method with that obtained from the use of a simplified (i.e., standardized) method approved by the CDM-EB. A key finding of the paper is that depending upon the level of power demand, prices of electricity and input fuels, the simplified method can lead to either significant overestimation or substantial underestimation of emission reduction due to the operation of renewable energy-based power projects in a competitive electricity industry. 相似文献
10.
根据滑坡发生的初始条件、滑坡成因及方式表象,对常见的蠕变倾覆滑坡、卸荷滑坡、震动液化平推滑坡、潜蚀塌陷滑坡、溶蚀下陷滑坡、孔隙水压浮动滑坡和人工切蚀或冲(浪)蚀—加载滑坡等机理进行了分析. 相似文献