近代民间服装的开衩形制与结构研究——以江南大学民间服饰传习馆相关馆藏为例

以江南大学民间传习馆中的近代民间服装作为研究对象,重点选取民间服装中的开衩进行研究,分析其形制、结构与装饰工艺。通过对开衩的位置、长短、缘边装饰的形制研究,以及直摆开衩和圆摆开衩上的区别、开衩的结构与工艺等方面的研究,分析结果表明,近代民间服装多在下摆两侧缝处开衩,各个地区袄开衩高度较为近似,旗袍开衩高度反差较大,开衩缘边装饰也经历了由繁变简的过程。以此来总结归纳近代民间服装开衩的形制特点和内在结构。     

Scanning Depth of Route Panorama Based on Stationary Blur

This work achieves an efficient acquisition of scenes and their depths along long streets. A camera is mounted on a vehicle moving along a straight or a mildly curved path and a sampling line properly set in the camera frame scans the 1D images over scenes continuously to form a 2D route panorama. This paper proposes a method to estimate the depth from the camera path by analyzing a phenomenon called stationary blur in the route panorama. This temporal blur is a perspective effect in parallel projection yielded from the sampling slit with a physical width. We analyze the behavior of the stationary blur with respect to the scene depth, vehicle path, and camera properties. Based on that, we develop an adaptive filter to evaluate the degree of the blur for depth estimation, which avoids error-prone feature matching or tracking in capturing complex street scenes and facilitates real time sensing. The method also uses much less data than the structure from motion approach so that it can extend the sensing area significantly. The resulting route panorama with depth information is useful for urban visualization, monitoring, navigation, and modeling.     

非接触激光圆度仪的研制

本文介绍一种非接触式检测大型回转体件圆度误差的激光圆度仪工作原理及总体构成、并通过实验予以验证。该仪器采用激光狭缝扫描原理和光电传感技术, 通过电子学单片机技术进行误差分离及数据处理, 从而实现圆度误差测量     

吹氩期间狭缝数量和尺寸对透气砖热梯度应力的影响

为提高透气砖的使用寿命,对其因吹氩而产生的热梯度应力场进行了模拟分析,以确定狭缝的合理尺寸及数量.首先根据研究目的和透气砖工作特点,在适当简化其结构和边界条件的基础上,建立了它的二维平面应变有限元模型.然后在保持透气砖尺寸和狭缝分布形式一定的前提下,研究了狭缝尺寸和数量变化对透气砖热梯度应力场的影响.研究结果表明:(1)热梯度应力仅在狭缝附近有剧烈变化,且狭缝尺寸及数量变化对最大拉应力影响不大;(2)狭缝越长,透气砖的整体热应力越大;(3)狭缝宽度变化对透气砖整体热应力分布影响不大;(4)对于本次分析来讲,狭缝最佳条数为20条.     

狭缝节流空气轴承-转子系统稳定性分析

为研究狭缝节流空气静压轴承-转子系统在阶跃载荷作用下的稳定性,结合流体力学和转子动力学方程,利用动网格技术,充分考虑转子在流场作用下的非线性运动,建立轴承-转子动态耦合计算模型。利用流固耦合方法得到系统在瞬态和稳态下的轴心轨迹和流场分布。通过分析计算得到载荷作用下系统的轴心轨迹和轴承内部流场分布云图,并引入时域参数对系统的稳定性进行分析。通过改变空气轴承结构参数,研究特定转速下不同轴承参数对系统瞬态响应阶段快速性和稳定性的影响规律。结果表明：通过控制轴承的狭缝间距、深度和宽度等参数,能够改善系统的动态稳定性。     

热成象检测系统MTF校准

热成像系统检测仪器的定标工作直接影响着热像仪MTF数据的可信度。本文描述从英国Sira公司引进的微机控制红外和可见光系统MTF检测仪器的FTF校准工作,介绍了测量原理、校正程序,给出了实测数据及仪器误差值,最后对校正结果进行了讨论。     

Flow birefringence of poly(n-hexyl isocyanate) solutions

A correction for optical quantities measured by a slit rheometer is proposed in order to obtain the corresponding optical properties at wall. This correction together with the Rabinowitch correction enables studies of the relation between the optical and the mechanical properties. A simple optical flow cell of a slit geometry was designed for the simultaneous measurements of the mechanical and the optical properties of flowing birefringent materials. The setup and the correction were applied to investigate the flow birefringence of the isotropic solutions of a liquid crystalline polymer, poly(n-hexyl isocyanate). The apparent birefringence defined as the refractive index difference between the ordinary light and the extraordinary light was found to increase with the increasing shear rates and was higher for solutions of high concentrations at a given shear rate. The stress optical law was checked. The ratio of the apparent birefringence to the shear stress was found to be independent of the shear rate at concentration of 10 wt%. For solutions of 15 and 20 wt%, the ratios increase with the shear rate when the shear rate is small, and they reach a maximum then decrease with increasing shear rate. The optical-stress behavior of PHIC solutions qualitatively follows the theoretical prediction of the Doi theory.     

Wire electrochemical discharge machining (WECDM) of quartz glass with titrated electrolyte flow

Electrochemical discharge machining (ECDM) is a promising technique with great potential for application to machining non-conductive brittle materials. In this study, wire electrochemical discharge machining (WECDM) was applied to processing quartz glass with electrolyte supplied in titrated flow. During WECDM, under surface tension and gravity, the electrolyte flows down in droplets, over the graphite auxiliary electrode and brass wire, producing oxygen and hydrogen bubbles, respectively. The fluid inside the droplet forms eddies on the two sides of the quartz, removing chips and electrolysis resultants. Rapid replenishment of electrolyte to constant concentration can ensure even distribution of current density and a stable insulation gas film can thus be formed. Experimental results show that quartz glass processed by WECDM with titrated electrolyte flow yielded long straight slits of small mean width. In addition, with the electrolyte supplied in droplets, less electrolyte is consumed in the process. The proposed droplet titration approach to WECDM of quartz glass incurs less cost and pollution, making it both cost effective and environmental friendly.     

一维光栅合成似狭缝彩虹全息术

本文提出了平移光栅法实现合成似狭缝彩虹全息术。在二维透明片前放置一光栅。在曝光期间，平移光栅，这将在透镜扣焦面上产生合成似狭缝。当光栅平移量是光栅周期的整数倍时，这将可能忽略除零级以外的其余和级物频谱从而实现合成似狭缝彩虹全息术。     

Experimental investigation on the turbulence augmentation of a gun-type gas burner by slits and swirl vanes

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of slits and swirl vanes on the turbulence augmentation in the flow fields of a gun-type gas burner using an X-type hot-wire probe. The gun-type gas burner adopted in this study is composed of eight slits and swirl vanes located on the surface of an inclined baffle plate. Experiment was carried out at a flow rate of 450 //min in burner model installed in the test section of subsonic wind tunnel. Swirl vanes play a role diffusing main flow more remarkably toward the radial direction than axial one, but slits show a reverse feature. Consequently, both slits and swirl vanes remarkably increase turbulence intensity in the whole range of a gun-type gas burner with a cone-type baffle plate.