全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2824篇 |
免费 | 135篇 |
国内免费 | 164篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 32篇 |
综合类 | 121篇 |
化学工业 | 579篇 |
金属工艺 | 537篇 |
机械仪表 | 338篇 |
建筑科学 | 32篇 |
矿业工程 | 63篇 |
能源动力 | 66篇 |
轻工业 | 41篇 |
水利工程 | 2篇 |
石油天然气 | 40篇 |
武器工业 | 6篇 |
无线电 | 435篇 |
一般工业技术 | 692篇 |
冶金工业 | 71篇 |
原子能技术 | 45篇 |
自动化技术 | 23篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 29篇 |
2022年 | 30篇 |
2021年 | 50篇 |
2020年 | 52篇 |
2019年 | 57篇 |
2018年 | 73篇 |
2017年 | 76篇 |
2016年 | 82篇 |
2015年 | 66篇 |
2014年 | 138篇 |
2013年 | 237篇 |
2012年 | 168篇 |
2011年 | 267篇 |
2010年 | 173篇 |
2009年 | 181篇 |
2008年 | 203篇 |
2007年 | 168篇 |
2006年 | 155篇 |
2005年 | 100篇 |
2004年 | 95篇 |
2003年 | 95篇 |
2002年 | 85篇 |
2001年 | 72篇 |
2000年 | 54篇 |
1999年 | 65篇 |
1998年 | 44篇 |
1997年 | 41篇 |
1996年 | 37篇 |
1995年 | 31篇 |
1994年 | 27篇 |
1993年 | 33篇 |
1992年 | 26篇 |
1991年 | 27篇 |
1990年 | 18篇 |
1989年 | 14篇 |
1988年 | 15篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3123条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
We used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to observe the oral organelle, cytopharynx, and subpellicular structure of a Dileptus sp. The main results were as follows: (a) the cytostome was located on the ventral surface of the base of the beak, surrounded by a periportal matrix that integrated 135 microtube bundles. When these microtube bundles contract, radially arranged into a disk, the cytostome was closed. When these microtube bundles were stretch, they fell into the cytostome and opens. The diameter of the cytostome was about 16 μm regardless of its closure or opening, indicating that the contraction or elongation of these microtube bundles did not change the size of the cytostome, which was only related to whether it blocked the cytostome, thus determining the opening and closing of the cytostome. There were many microtube bundles on two sides of the feeding trough, which could widen or narrow the feeding trough and facilitate beak feeding. (b) The cytopharynx was basket‐like without a bottom with a diameter of about 6 μm and was woven from two kind fibers about 0.08 and 0.19 μm. (c) There were two types of extrusomes under the pellicle. Using transmission electron microscopy,the Type I extrusomes showed narrow and long egg shape, its cross section was circular which is composed by various electronic density of concentric. Using the scanning electron microscope, they were two slightly thin clavate, the length was about 5 μm, the diameter of the middle section was about 0.75 μm, and the diameter of the two ends was about 0.32 μm, they were distributed abundantly between the microtubule fasciculi which were located on both sides of the gap on the feeding groove. Using transmission electron microscopy, the Type II extrusomes showed egg shape. Using the scanning electron microscopy, they were about 1.6 × 0.8 μm in size, they were distributed abundantly under the body pellicle while rarely the proboscis. In addition, many different of developmental stages two types of extrusomes could be also seen in the cytoplasm. (d) There were very well‐developed fibrous systems under the pellicle that were woven from fibers about 0.14 μm in diameter that attached to the pellicle and bound some organelles in the cytoplasm (e.g., mitochondria, extrusomes) and other structures to the cytoplasm and maintained cell morphology. The results of this study not only supplement and enrich the morphological contents of the Dileptus sp., but also provide the basis for the study of the taxonomy of the Dileptus sp. It also provides a new method for researchers to explore the morphology and structure of ciliate cells under the cortex by SEM. 相似文献
2.
The aim of this article is to synthesis tungsten oxide (WO3) nanoparticle along with Manganese (3 wt% and 10 wt%) by Microwave irradiation method. The physical properties of the synthesized Manganese doped Tungsten oxide materials were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), UV-Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy, SEM-EDAX and Photoluminescence studies. The predominant peaks obtained in X-ray diffraction pattern reveal the crystalline nature of the nanoparticles and the structure belongs to Monoclinic for pure and Mn doped WO3. FTIR analysis shows the presence of Tungsten and oxygen in the synthesis material and verified with EDAX. TEM analysis shows both pristine and Mn doped WO3 nanopaticles. They are having spherical shaped morphology with average particle size from 35 to 40 nm. UV-DRS revealed that the bandgap energy for pure and Manganese doped WO3 are discussed in this article. The Scanning Electron Microscope analysis shows the plate like morphology for pure WO3 and the morphology were decreased by doping Manganese. The defects and oxygen deficiencies were analysed by photoluminescence spectroscopy. 相似文献
3.
Undoped and fluorine doped ZnO thin films were deposited onto glass substrates using successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) technique and then annealed at 350 °C in vacuum ambience. The F doping level was varied from 0 to 15 at% in steps of 5 at%. The XRD analysis showed that all the films are polycrystalline with hexagonal wurtzite structure and preferentially oriented along the (002) plane. Crystallite sizes were found to increase when 5 at% of F is doped and then decreased with further doping. It was seen from the SEM images that the doping causes remarkable changes in the surface morphology and the annealing treatment results in well-defined grains with an improvement in the grain size irrespective of doping level. All the films exhibit good transparency (>70%) after vacuum annealing. Electrical resistivity of the film was found to be minimum (1.32×10−3 Ω cm) when the fluorine doping level was 5 at%. 相似文献
4.
Fracture of single crystal nanolaminated thin films has been investigated through in situ straining of cross-sectional samples of Cu/Ni nanolaminates grown on Cu (001) single crystal substrates. The earlest stages of deformation exhibits a confined layer slip mechanism. With continued straining, unstable fracture occurs creating a mixed-mode crack that propagates across the nanolaminate, roughly perpendicular to the interfaces. Eventually, stable crack growth with intense plastic deformation ahead of the crack tip occurs over many bilayers in the direction of crack growth. Simultaneously, plasticity was seen to spread only 1 or 2 bilayer distances normal to the crack, creating an extremely localized plastic zone. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) examination after the test did not reveal the presence of dislocations in the crack wake, except where severe crack deflection was observed. By comparison, the plastic zone size in the substrate was greater by several of orders of magnitude. 相似文献
5.
Copper films with (1 1 1) texture are of crucial importance in integrated circuit interconnects. We have deposited strongly (1 1 1)-textured thin films of copper by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using [2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptadionato] Cu(II), Cu(thd)2, as the precursor. The dependence of the microstructure of the films on ALD conditions, such as the number of ALD cycles and the deposition temperature was studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy. Analysis of (1 1 1)-textured films shows the presence of twin planes in the copper grains throughout the films. SEM shows a labyrinthine structure of highly connected, large grains developing as film thickness increases. This leads to low resistivity and suggests high resistance to electromigration. 相似文献
6.
Hyun-Goo Kim Wha-Nam Myung K. Sumiyama K. Suzuki 《Journal of Alloys and Compounds》2002,340(1-2):270-274
We report upon the chemical leaching and magnetic properties of nanoscale crystalline Al0.6(Co25Cu75)0.4 alloy powders produced by rod milling. X-Ray diffractometry (XRD), transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, vibrating sample magnetometry, and superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry were used to characterize the as-milled and leached specimens. After 400 h of milling, only the b.c.c. phase of the intermetallic compound γ-Al3.892Cu6.10808 was detected by XRD. After annealing the leached specimen at 600 °C for 1 h, the nanoscale crystalline phase was transformed into the f.c.c. Cu phase, and this was accompanied by a change in the magnetic properties. The peaks of the magnetization shifted towards lower temperature with increasing external field. The temperature behavior at Tf (45 K) for direct current (d.c.) magnetic susceptibility measurements was quite different for field cooling and zero-field cooling. After cooling the leached specimen from 800 °C, magnetization increased gradually. 相似文献
7.
Lydia Rivaud 《Microscopy research and technique》1985,2(6):577-580
Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM) is an imaging technique particularly suited to the study of layered structures. For integrated electronic devices it has become a common practice to use XTEM to assess the shape and crystallinity of component layers as well as defect structures introduced by processing. A procedure for preparing samples to be viewed by XTEM is described. 相似文献
8.
A SAXS method for the quantitative assessment of the morphology of polymer layered silicate nanocomposites is proposed. Fitting the SAXS patterns, the number of clay layers, the periodicity of the layers in the tactoids, the thickness of the regions interposed between the clay platelets and their distributions can be measured. A good agreement with TEM data was obtained, avoiding the inconsistencies with microscopical observations often reported in the literature. 相似文献
9.
采用透射电子显微镜对不同压下量和再结晶初期的IF钢样品进行了研究.结果表明:无论是在较小形变量下还是在较大形变量下,形变不均匀性是普遍存在的;冷变形程度不同,织构组分不同,TEM形貌也不同;在再结晶的最初期,冷轧的形变组织演变为近乎等轴的亚晶,优先形成{111}〈uvw〉取向的晶核,晶核逐渐吞并周围的形变基体而长大,最终形成再结晶γ-纤维织构. 相似文献
10.