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排序方式: 共有1277条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Do T. Hue Rebel Skirving Tong Chen John L. Williams Cynthia D.K. Bottema Kiro Petrovski 《Journal of dairy science》2021,104(7):8164-8176
Colostrum is essential for good neonate health; however, it is not known whether different calves absorb the nutrients from colostrum equally well. In this study, the absorption of protein, IgG, and γ-glutamyl transferase was compared in newborn dairy bull calves for 1 wk after feeding colostrum from different sources. Thirty-five Holstein-Friesian bull calves were randomly allocated into 3 groups and fed colostrum within 4 h after birth. Group A calves (n = 12) were bottle fed colostrum from their own dam for 3 d. Colostrum from these group A cows was also used as foster cow colostrum for the group B calves (n = 12), such that each group A and B calf pair received identical colostrum from each milking of the respective group A dam (10% of birth weight per day). The group C calves (n = 11) were fed 1 bottle (2 L) of pooled colostrum and transition milk (referred to as pooled colostrum), as was the standard practice on the dairy farm. The pooled colostrum was collected from the other dairy cows on the farm 0 to 4 d postpartum and stored at 4°C for less than 12 h. Blood was sampled from calves before the first feeding and at 1, 2, 3, and 7 d after birth. Levels of total solids, total protein, and IgG were higher in the dam colostrum than in the pooled colostrum. At birth, there were no differences between the calf groups for any measurements, and all calves had very low IgG levels. After receiving colostrum, the glucose, plasma γ-glutamyl transferase, serum total protein, and IgG concentrations increased significantly in all calves. There were no differences in any blood measurements at any time point between the pairs of group A and group B calves that received colostrum from the same cow except for the IgG concentration 2 d after birth. However, the group A calves had a higher total serum protein level and IgG concentration than the group C calves for all the time points after the first feeding. The group B calves had a higher IgG concentration than the group C calves on d 1, 2, and 7 after birth. Compared with groups A and B, there was no difference in the proportion of calves in group C that failed to have passive immunity transferred adequately based on the IgG threshold (<10 g/L). Thus, the calves receiving identical colostrum from the same cow had the same levels of IgG, and even the pooled colostrum provided sufficient transfer of IgG as the calves were fed within 4 h after birth. 相似文献
2.
Robert Groth Luke T. Cravigan Sadegh Niazi Zoran Ristovski Graham R. Johnson 《Journal of the Royal Society Interface》2021,18(178)
The airborne dynamics of respiratory droplets, and the transmission routes of pathogens embedded within them, are governed primarily by the diameter of the particles. These particles are composed of the fluid which lines the respiratory tract, and is primarily mucins and salts, which will interact with the atmosphere and evaporate to reach an equilibrium diameter. Measuring organic volume fraction (OVF) of cough aerosol has proved challenging due to large variability and low material volume produced after coughing. Here, the diametric hygroscopic growth factors (GF) of the cough aerosol produced by healthy participants were measured in situ using a rotating aerosol suspension chamber and a humidification tandem differential mobility analyser. Using hygroscopicity models, it was estimated that the average OVF in the evaporated cough aerosol was 0.88 ± 0.07 and the average GF at 90% relative humidity (RH) was 1.31 ± 0.03. To reach equilibrium in dry air the droplets will reduce in diameter by a factor of approximately 2.8 with an evaporation factor of 0.36 ± 0.05. Hysteresis was observed in cough aerosol at RH = ∼35% and RH = ∼65% for efflorescence and deliquescence, respectively, and may depend on the OVF. The same behaviour and GF were observed in nebulized bovine bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. 相似文献
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目的制备新生牛肝活性肽并评价其安全性。方法采用膜法分离制备新生牛肝活性肽。将3批制品于37~40℃,75%相对湿度条件下存放3个月,以多肽含量为指标观察其稳定性,并进行急性毒性试验、小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验、Ames试验、小鼠精子畸形试验和大鼠喂养试验。结果制备的3批新生牛肝活性肽存放3个月后,多肽含量无明显下降,质量稳定。小鼠和大鼠经口灌人大于20.0g/kg体重的新生牛肝活性肽,均无急性毒性。3种致突变试验均未显示出致突变性,大鼠喂养试验各项指标均未见明显毒性。结论新生牛肝活性肽未表现出明显毒性。 相似文献
5.
牛初乳中提取乳铁蛋白工艺的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
从牛初乳中分离提取乳铁蛋白,建立快速分离纯化乳铁蛋白的工艺.选择弱酸性阳离子交换剂CM SEPHAROSE FAST FLOW装柱,脱脂牛初乳在4 ℃下进行动态吸附上柱后进行阶跃洗脱.通过对洗脱条件的比较优化,确定了分离提取乳铁蛋白的最佳工艺条件为:牛初乳料液pH 6.6,上柱速度300 mL/h,阶跃洗脱剂的体积分数分别为1.5%和5.0%的NaCl,洗脱体积流速200 mL/h.乳铁蛋白洗脱液经过超滤和冷冻干燥,得到冻干粉纯度可达98.98%,得率为29.0%. 相似文献
6.
蛋白质在超滤过程中的膜污染和膜清洗 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
本文选用四种不同的膜清洗剂对牛血清蛋白溶液超滤后污染的三种超滤膜进行研究,结果表明:在蛋白质的等电点取得在不同PH值下蛋白质对膜污染的最佳清洗效果,清洗效率与蛋白质的所荷电荷有关。采用适宜的清洗过程将会延长膜使用寿命和增强超滤膜性能。 相似文献
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9.
Citrate-stabilized CdSe/CdS quantum dots as fluorescence probe for protein determination 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
A rapid, ultrasensitive and convenient fluorescence measurement technology based on the enhancement of the fluorescence intensity
resulting from the interaction of functionalized CdSe/CdS quantum dots (QDs) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was proposed.
The citrate-stabilized CdSe/CdS (QDs) were synthesized by using Se powder and Na2S as precursors instead of any pyrophoric organometallic precursors. The modified CdSe/CdS QDs are brighter and more stable
against photobleaching in comparison with organic fluorophores. At pH 7.0, the fluorescence signal of CdSe/CdS is enhanced
by increasing the concentration of BSA in the range of 0.1–10 μg/mL, and the low detection limit is 0.06 μg/mL. A linear relationship
between the enhanced fluorescence peak intensity (ΔF) and BSA concentration (c) is established using equation ΔF=50.7c+16.4 (R=0.996 36). Results of determination for BSA in three synthetic samples are identical with the true values, and the recovery
(98.9%–102.4%) and relative standard deviation (RSD, 1.8%–2.5%) are satisfactory. 相似文献
10.
荧光法研究3种黄酮化合物与牛血清白蛋白的结合作用 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
运用荧光光谱法研究了生理酸度条件下(pH=7.4)3种黄酮化合物白杨素、芹菜素和桑色素与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的结合作用。结果表明,3种黄酮化合物均能与BSA形成基态复合物导致BSA内源荧光猝灭,猝灭机理为静态猝灭。结合常数K(芹菜素)〉K(白杨素)〉K(桑色素),结合位点数近似等于1,白杨素与BSA之间以疏水作用为主,而芹菜素、桑色素与BSA之间的作用力主要是氢键和范德华力。黄酮分子结构中羟基位置及个数影响其与BSA间的结合作用,C4'-OH对结合有促进作用,而C3-OH的取代则导致作用力减弱。由Frster非辐射能量转移理论,计算出3种黄酮化合物在蛋白质中的结合位置与212位色氨酸残基间的距离分别为2.44 nm(白杨素)、3.34 nm(芹菜素)和3.31 nm(桑色素)。 相似文献