软X射线对血液有形成分表面电荷的影响——2、淋巴细胞和血小板膜电荷的变化

软X射线不仅能引起红细胞表面电荷的变化,同时也能导致淋巴细胞和血小板表面电荷下降,表现为照射后它们的电泳率下降。低剂量范围内,这种电荷的变化是暂时性的,照后4小时降到最低点,24小时后恢复到对照的水平。细胞电泳率的下降与辐射剂量相关。淋巴细胞是一个复杂的细胞群,正常状态下,按细胞在电场中泳动速度的快慢,可分为两个组分:快峰为T细胞,慢峰为B细胞。软X射线照射以后,T和B细胞的电泳率皆减慢,频数分布峰值下降,离散度加大。血小板成分单一,电泳率较一致。 从照射浓集的血小板再加回自身血浆中电泳率的下降较照射血浆再加到血小板中的电泳率下降大得多;受照射的血小板在磷酸缓冲液中电泳率下降较在血浆悬液中严重得多;2000 rad照后,悬浮于血浆中的血小板电泳率能恢复,而悬浮于磷酸缓冲液中则不能恢复,三个方面来看,血浆中可能存在抗辐射因子。超氧化物岐化酶能有效地预防血小板电泳率的下降,从而可阻止血小板的凝聚。     

有机颜料与无机颜料电子墨水稳定性研究

电泳显示型电子纸的主要性能由电子墨水的性能决定,电子墨水的稳定性又是影响图像显示的重要参数。本研究选择该领域比较成熟的有机颜料电子墨水和无机颜料电子墨水配方,通过放置观察,乳液稳定性测试,密度计测试电泳图像密度等方法,对2类电子墨水的稳定性做了对比,结果显示有机颜料电子墨水稳定性要优于无机颜料电子墨水。     

溶液中钙离子对玻璃颗粒电泳沉积的影响

研究了玻璃颗粒在乙醇溶液中对Ca^2 的选择吸附，反转了玻璃颗粒在乙醇中的荷电性质，使玻璃颗粒能够在乙醇中与羟基磷灰石发生共沉积。讨论了不同离子浓度下电泳沉积的沉积量与沉积电流的变化情况，并以此对Ca^2 在电泳沉积中的作用进行了分析。实验结果证实：悬浮液中Ca^2 或吸附到玻璃颗粒上，改变其荷电性质；或留在溶液中，作为电泳沉积过程中电流的主要承载者。离子浓度对电泳沉积的效果有重要的影响，离子浓度太低或太高都易使涂层出现缺陷。分析了不同沉积条件下电泳沉积所得涂层的各种缺陷及其成因。     

A novel preparation method for NiCo2O4 electrodes stacked with hexagonal nanosheets for water electrolysis

In this paper, we describe the preparation of a porous nanosheet-stacked NiCo₂O₄ composite electrode using a novel electrophoretic deposition (EPD) calcination method. The effects of the deposition time and voltage, and of the calcination temperature have been investigated. The microstructure of the deposited films in the electrodes before and after calcination has also been investigated. The electrocatalytic properties of the electrodes have been investigated using cyclic voltammetry and polarization curves. The electrode films produced using this new technique have a porous structure composed of stacked hexagonal NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets. The resulting electrodes exhibit good electrocatalytic properties for water electrolysis.     

电泳-电沉积法制备Ni-Fe2O3复合镀层 及其氧化性能研究

先采用电泳沉积工艺在Ni基体上均匀沉积Fe2O3膜,然后采用电镀技术在Fe2O3膜中沉积金属Ni,得到含Fe2O3质量分数较高的Ni-Fe2O3复合镀层。分析了沉积电压对电泳沉积Fe2O3膜厚度的影响,研究了镀层的高温氧化性能,并对其氧化机理进行了探讨。使用傅里叶红外光谱、扫描电镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪对镀层的截面形貌、成分等进行了研究。结果表明:通过改变阴阳两极之间的电场强度或调整两极之间的距离,电泳沉积Fe2O3的厚度会发生很大的变化;经过一定温度热处理后,电泳沉积层中的有机物去除干净;使用电泳-电沉积法制备的Ni-Fe2O3镀层与基体之间的结合界面紧密、完整;复合沉积层在1 000℃高温条件下氧化后可以得到镍铁尖晶石结构的物质。     

Improving delamination resistance of carbon fiber reinforced polymeric composite by interface engineering using carbonaceous nanofillers through electrophoretic deposition: An assessment at different in-service temperatures

In this article, modification of carbon fiber surface by carbon based nanofillers (multi-walled carbon nanotubes [CNT], carbon nanofibers, and multi-layered graphene) has been achieved by electrophoretic deposition technique to improve its interfacial bonding with epoxy matrix, with a target to improve the mechanical performance of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites. Flexural and short beam shear properties of the composites were studied at extreme temperature conditions; in-situ cryo, room and elevated temperature (−196, 30, and 120°C respectively). Laminate reinforced with CNT grafted carbon fibers exhibited highest delamination resistance with maximum improvement in flexural strength as well as in inter-laminar shear strength (ILSS) among all the carbon fiber reinforced epoxy (CE) composites at all in-situ temperatures. CNT modified CE composite showed increment of 9% in flexural strength and 17.43% in ILSS when compared to that of unmodified CE composite at room temperature (30°C). Thermomechanical properties were investigated using dynamic mechanical analysis. Fractography was also carried out to study different modes of failure of the composites.     

聚丙烯酰胺／蒙脱土仿贝壳纳米复合材料的制备

研究了电泳沉积制备聚丙烯酰胺／蒙脱土纳米层状复合材料的过程中悬浮液的性能、电泳沉积的参数对材料的制备以及结构的影响。通过改变有机／无机的相对浓度、调节电压和沉积时间，制备出均匀的薄膜。结果表明，随着单体浓度的增加，溶液的zeta电位和电导率降低，溶液变得不稳定。XRD和FTIR表明，单体插层进入蒙脱土的层间后，经过紫外照射而聚合，随着单体浓度的改变，蒙脱土的层间结构发生了变化。通过SEM，可以观察到材料呈现天然贝壳的层状结构。     

Simulation and analysis of edge ghosting for microcapsule e-paper based on particle dynamics and light scattering model

Electronic paper (e-paper) is a reflective display technology with unique advantages, such as bistability, low-power consumption, and high ambient contrast ratio. These features make e-paper a promising candidate for future Internet of Things applications. Among different technologies of e-paper, electrophoretic display (EPD) is the most successful one for commercialization. However, the edge ghosting (also known as the fringing effect) still limits the performance of EPD. Herein, we established a model of particle dynamics of electrophoresis, simulated the edge ghosting of microcapsule EPD, analyzed the edge ghosting effect, and revealed the relationship between thicknesses, dielectric constants of the back binder layer, and the edge ghosting. Two EPD panels with different thicknesses of back binder layer were demonstrated, which verifies the accuracy of this simulation model. With the proposed model, many device mechanisms and product issues can be analyzed and illustrated, which is supposed to guide the researchers in optimizing the device structure design of EPD.     

金属表面环氧漆漆膜拉伸剪切强度的测定

借鉴国标胶粘剂拉伸剪切强度测定方法测定了阳极、阴极环氧电泳漆与环氧涂料在底材为铝合金及钢材上漆膜的拉伸剪切强度，在铝件及钢铁件表面上阳极电泳漆漆膜的拉伸剪切强度为11．60MPa及17．91MPa，阴极电泳漆漆膜分别为17．60MPa及23．20MPa，喷涂环氧漆膜为7．93MPa 及13．40MPa，并介绍了测定试验中的实际操作经验和技术细节。     

FHA涂层的制备及生物活性

采用沉淀法制备了F掺杂HA的FHA(Ca_(10)(PO_4)_6(OH)F)粉末,并通过电泳沉积在钛合金(Ti6Al4V)表面制备了FHA涂层。通过X射线衍射(XRD),扫描电镜(SEM),能谱仪(EDS)研究了基体预处理方式对涂层形貌和结合力的影响,并且研究了涂层的生物活性。结果表明:酸处理后涂层表面有微裂纹存在,酸处理+碱处理后的涂层表面无裂纹并具有更高的结合强度;FHA涂层浸泡后表面形成缺钙类骨磷灰石,成花瓣状生长,长度为几百纳米,具有优良的生物活性。