《公差配合与测量技术》课程的教学感悟

主要阐述在教授《公差配合与测量技术》的理论部分时以够用为度,适用为限,应把重点放在加强实验课,重视测量技术,培养学生动手能力上。     

论“这样就可以”的绿色包装设计观 ——以日本食品类包装为例

“这样就可以”代表着克制欲望适应自然的客体满足主体需求的态度,是一种以减少对自然资源的使用来保证人类社会可持续发展的绿色设计观.“这样就可以”用材理性克制,强化图文表现力,避免奢华繁复的装饰,在满足包装功能的前提下,尽可能缩小包装体积,并合理利用内部空间.以“这样就可以”的绿色包装设计观引导社会理性价值观,提高民众的审美基础,强化大众的生态观念,以建构和谐语境下的绿色包装.     

大规模风电接入后的系统调峰充裕性评估

风电大规模开发后能否并网发电,主要取决于电力系统是否有充裕的调峰容量。如果调峰容量不足,风电则不能并网发电,因此考察电力系统调峰充裕性意义重大。定义了调峰需求持续曲线,基于非序贯蒙特卡罗模拟方法提出了调峰不足概率和调峰不足期望指标。所提指标考虑了机组强迫停运率和风电随机波动对系统调峰充裕性的影响,有效地反映了系统的调峰容量需求,有助于确定合适的风电接入规模。利用所提方法对IEEE—RTS系统进行了调峰充裕性评估,验证了所提方法的可行性与有效性。     

Responsive regulation of treatment duration in routine practice in United Kingdom primary care settings: Replication in a larger sample.

Replicating a previous study (M. Barkham et al., 2006), the authors examined rates of improvement in psychotherapy in United Kingdom primary care settings as a function of the number of sessions attended. Included in the study were adult clients who returned valid assessments at the beginning and the end of their treatment, had planned endings, began treatment above the clinical cutoff score, and were seen for 20 or fewer sessions (N = 9,703; 72.4% female; 87.7% Caucasian; average age = 40.9 years). Clients' average assessment scores improved substantially across treatment, with a pretreatment-posttreatment effect size of 1.96; 62.0% achieved reliable and clinically significant improvement (RCSI). Clients' mean pretreatment-posttreatment change was approximately constant regardless of treatment duration (in the range of 0 to 20 sessions); the RCSI rate decreased slightly with treatment duration, as fewer clients fell below the cutoff at longer durations. Results were interpreted as suggesting that therapists and clients tend to make appropriately responsive decisions about treatment duration. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

含随机风电的大规模多目标机组组合问题的向量序优化方法

向量序优化是一种新的解决多目标、超大计算量、复杂优化问题的有效方法。文中以煤耗量、购电费用、SO2排放量为优化目标,首次引入向量序优化理论求解含大规模随机风电的多目标机组组合问题。以含大型风电场及水、火、核、气、生物质能等复杂电源的某省级电力系统为例,将所提算法的优化结果与基于GAMS-BARON求解器的混合整数非线性规划法(mixed integer nonlinear programming,MINLP)进行对比分析,结果表明所提算法的求解速度大大优于传统的MINLP且优化结果偏差很小,验证了采用向量序优化方法求解含随机风电的大规模多目标机组组合问题的有效性。     

资源利用率最优的应用层组播树构建算法

应用层组播（ALM）树的构建是一个NPC问题，目前已经提出几种启发式组播树构建算法，各种启发式算法因为考虑因素的制约都存在一定的局限性．本文根据当前网路链路状态，通过计算比较选择父节点构建组播树，提出了在满足最大网络连接带宽、度约束、足够可用性时间的前提下使组播树的资源利用率最优的算法．通过仿真实验对此算法的数学模型进行验证，根据组播树的数据吞吐量分析，与通常组播树构建算法相比，基于此算法构建的组播树更加合理稳定．     

An ordinal optimization based method for power distribution system control

This work presents an Ordinal Optimization Theory based method for power distribution system control. The solution procedure bases on an evolutionary search scheme. The method aims at minimizing the total power losses on network feeders while keeping the node voltages at near rated values against changing loading conditions. By relaxing the definition of optimality and softening the goal of optimization, ordinal optimization makes the problem easier as well as the solution process faster. A solution can be defined as good enough in performance value if it is one of the best m-percent solutions on the search space with probability P%. A solution can be defined as good enough also if its performance value approximates to the optimal value to a pre-defined extent. This work estimates the performance value, the total power loss, of the optimum state of power distribution network at a given loading condition. Then, with the two relaxed definitions for optimality, it finds the optimal settings of on-load tap changers and capacitors in a 24-h time frame. Results verify our method is proper for on-line and off-line operation.     

序优化理论在大规模机组组合求解中的应用

序优化理论以满足工程实际需要为目的,能够简化优化问题复杂程度,节省大量计算时间,保证以足够高的概率求得足够好的解.文中将煤耗费用、机组启动成本、购电费用、SO_2排放费用作为目标函数,考虑了带时间耦合关系的系统运行约束、机组特性约束、一次能源约束,建立了考虑火电、水电、核电、生物质、燃气多种类型电源的96时段机组组合动态优化模型,并引入序优化理论予以求解.最后,分别对10~100机24时段标准火电测试系统和128机96时段某省级实际电力系统进行算例仿真,并与其他优化算法的求解结果进行了详细的对比分析,进一步验证了采用序优化理论解决电力系统大规模机组组合问题的可行性和实用性.     

A relation between certain transfer functions and their application to the identifiability of linear models

In this paper it is shown that when a linear system has several inputs and outputs, certain transfer functions may be interdependent. An easily applied sufficient condition is stated : hi particular, it shows which transfer functions are thus interdependent. A consequence important in the study of the identifiability of linear models is derived.