Transverse magnetoresistance peculiarities of thermoelectric Lu-doped Bi2Te3 compound due to strong electrical disorder

The n-type thermoelectric Bi_1.9Lu_0.1Te₃ was prepared by microwave-solvothermal method and spark plasma sintering. The magnetic field and temperature dependences of transverse magnetoresistance measured within temperature 2–200 K interval allow finding the peculiarities characteristic for strongly disordered and inhomogeneous semiconductors. The first peculiarity is due to appearance of linear-in-magnetic field contribution to the total magnetoresistance reflected in a crossover from quadratic magnetoresistance at low magnetic fields to linear magnetoresistance at high magnetic fields. The linear magnetoresistance can result from the Hall resistance picked up from macroscopically distorted current paths due to local variations in stoichiometry of the compound studied. The second peculiarity is that both linear magnetoresistance magnitude and crossover field are functions of carrier mobility which is in agreement with the Parish and Littlewood model developed for disordered and inhomogeneous semiconductors. An increase in the mobility due to a decrease in temperature is accompanied by an increase in the magnetoresistance magnitude and a decrease in the crossover field. Finally, the third peculiarity is related to the remarkable deviation of the total magnetoresistance measured at various temperatures from the Kohler's rule. Presence of strong inhomogeneity and disorder in the Bi_1.9Lu_0.1Te₃ structure concluded from the magnetoresistance peculiarities can be responsible for the remarkable reduction in the total thermal conductivity of this compound.     

Spin Dependent Hopping in Ti Doped La0.67 Ca0.33 MnO3

A systematic investigation of the magnetic and transport properties of Ti doped La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 was reported. The Ti substitution for Mn ions results in a reduction in ferromagnetism and conductivity. The metal-insulator transition temperature is close to Curie temperature which decreases from 274 to 82 K as x increases from 0 to 0.17. The most important effect of Ti doping is to introduce spin clusters in the samples due to the distortion of local lattice and the inhomogeneous magnetic structure induced primarily by the random distribution of Mn ions. A maximum magnetoresistance ratio as large as 90% in 1 T at 122 K was obtained for the sample with x =0. 055, which is four times larger than that obtained for LCMO sample at 272 K. There is a remarkable field-history dependent MR in the cooling process for the doped samples while such phenomenon disappears in the warming run. The resistivity follows well the variable range hopping behavior in paramagnetic state. Both the size effect and spin dependent hopping of carriers between the spin clusters should be considered in this system.     

Lattice Effects and Irreversible Magnetoresistance in Gd Doped La—Ca—Mn—O

The Gd substituting effects for La in La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 has been studied .With increasing the substituting amount of Gd,the phase transition temperature of metal-isolator for the samples decreases,the corresponding peak resistivity increases,the Curie temperature decreases monotonically.The substitution of La-Ca-Mn-O with 11% Gd for La improved the magnetoresistance ratio by an order of magnitude.The effects of substituting Gd can be explained in terms of the lattice effects.An irreversible MR behaviour was observed in Gd-substituting compounds.This effect became marked when the substituting amount of Gd was greater than 7%.A maximum irreversible increment of MR ratio as large as 91% was obtained when Gd substituting amount was 11%.     

Pulse-Width Dependence in Current-Driven Magnetization Reversal Using GaMnAs-Based Double-Barrier Magnetic Tunnel Junction

We have investigated the current pulse width dependence on current-driven magnetization reversal in double-barrier structures using GaMnAs-based magnetic tunneling junctions (MTJ) in order to clarify the origin of low threshold current density for current-driven magnetization reversal. Comparing with the case of single-barrier MTJ, the pulse-width dependence reveals that threshold current density is reduced by double-barrier MTJ. We confirmed that the threshold current density in the order of 10⁴ A/cm² is estimated considering the effect of current pulse width.     

影响巨磁电阻钙钛矿锰氧化合物居里温度的结构分析

测定了La1-xAx(MnB）O3型巨磁电阻钙钛矿化合物在不同组成时的居里温度，利用A位离子对晶格能的贡献和B位离子极化力的变化分别对A和B位离子掺杂及A，B位离子组成同时变化时钙钛矿的居里温度进行了分析，结果与实验一致。     

巨磁电阻材料的研究与应用

介绍了一种新型的磁性功能材料－巨磁电阻材料，综述了其研究进展情况。并就它在巨磁电阻传感器、高密度磁记录读出磁头、巨磁电阻随机存储器以及自旋晶体管等磁电子元器件上的进行了论述。     

八宿巨型滑坡的发现及其意义（特约稿）

巨型滑坡全球不常见,但是破坏性极强,其识别对于加深区域构造背景的认识,防灾减灾和工程建设均有指导意义。基于遥感解译、无人机地形测绘和现场调查,报道了新发现的八宿巨型滑坡及其残留堆积体特征,初步分析了成因机制与演变过程,估算了滑坡方量。主要结论如下：（1）八宿滑坡发育于怒江缝合带的夏里-八宿裂谷带内,岩性以古生界加玉桥岩群大理岩组和侏罗系马里组变质砂泥岩为主,上部岩层产状为陡倾顺坡向,下部岩层产状为陡倾逆坡向,岸坡结构总体上为上硬下软;（2）滑坡区横跨冷曲的左右两岸,长约7200m,宽约4800m,面积约22.5km2,估算方量约35×108m3,目前残余方量约14×108m3,是国内已经确认的方量最大的滑坡;（3）滑坡极可能属于历史地震诱发的高速堵江滑坡,堰塞坝高度约185m,堆积体碎裂化严重,且在冷曲右岸爬升超过600m。滑坡形成后,堆积区历经了堰塞坝溃决、多拉寺次级滑坡、泥石流堆积与冲刷、表面流水冲刷等改造过程,但是滑坡地貌特征整体保存良好。由于滑坡和泥石流堵江,冷曲在滑坡区先后两次改道;（4）从滑坡与冷曲的演变过程来看,推测滑坡的发生时间应在晚更新世。即八宿滑坡为古滑坡;（5）八宿巨型滑坡的发现说明迄今为止我们对青藏高原地质环境的认知仍然十分有限。川藏铁路等工程建设应加强基础地质与工程地质研究,以及地质灾害风险论证,确保施工与运行期安全。     

Magneto-sensitive nickel nanowires fabricated by electrodeposition into multi- and single-ion track templates

Polycarbonate templates of (30±1) μm thickness containing cylindrical etched-track nanochannels of (500±50) nm diameter were used for electrodeposition of Ni nanowires. Using 10⁴ channels per cm², the most favourable deposition potential of  − 1.0 V was determined in a potentiostatic mode by varying the deposition potential with respect to an Ag/AgCl reference electrode over a range between  − 0.1 V and  − 1.5 V. The deposition efficiency at  − 1.0 V was estimated around 10%. The resulting single wires had a resistance around 200 Ω and showed an anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) effect of 1%, applicable to directionally sensitive magnetic field sensors.     

钙钛矿锰氧化物(La_(1-x)Nd_x)_(0.5)Ca_(0.5)MnO_3(0≤x≤1)的结构,磁性和电输运性质

系统研究了(La1-xNdx)0.5Ca0.5MnO3(x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0)系列样品的结构、磁性质和电输运性质。研究表明,所有样品的结构都为钙钛矿正交结构(空间群Pbnm),随着掺杂浓度x的增大,样品的晶格参数a,b,c和晶胞体积V都呈减小的趋势;磁性质的研究表明所有样品在低温下均出现电荷有序态,且电荷有序转变温度随着Nd3+的掺杂浓度x的增加而升高;除了Nd0.5Ca0.5MnO3(x=1.0)外,其它样品均出现顺磁-铁磁转变,其转变温度(即居里温度)随着Nd3+的掺杂浓度x的增加而降低;(0.2≤x≤0.8)样品的铁磁态均出现在电荷有序温度以下,表现出再入型(reentrant)铁磁态性质;电输运性质的研究表明,所有样品的电阻率随温度的升高而下降,表现为绝缘体性质。     

Electrical resistivity and magnetoresistance of carbon/graphite fibers intercalated with nitric acid and arsenic pentafluoride

A series of high performance, experimental carbon/graphite fibers was intercalated and examined with respect to their metallic conductivity behavior by resistivity and magnetoresistance versus temperature measurements. One fiber was a polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-type precursor and three were pitch base precursors. All four types showed substantially similar behavior in the pristine state with respect to room temperature resistivity and the sign and magnitude of the temperature coefficient of resistivity. After intercalation with either nitric acid or nitric acid followed by AsF₅, the PAN-based fibers displayed a resistivity versus temperature behavior qualitatively similar to their pristine counterparts but displaced to lower resistivity. On the other hand, the pitch fibers with the same intercalation treatment exhibited metallic behavior (a positive temperature coefficient of electrical resistivity and a small magnetoresistance). These manifestations of metallic behavior are usually indicative of some three dimensional graphite structure in the carbon fibers.