Can hydrogen be the sustainable fuel for mobility in India in the global context?

This article provides a critical assessment of H₂ from the standpoint of more widespread use as a sustainable fuel for Indian mobility applications in the global context. The potential techno-economic advantages of utilizing H₂ for automobiles rather than battery electric vehicles or conventional internal combustion engine vehicles are emphasized. The present assessment demonstrates that H₂ production, storage, and distribution costs are the primary challenges, and a significant improvement is still necessary for H₂ to compete either against the internal combustion engine vehicle or the battery electric vehicle to win the race, arguably. The secondary challenges have also been demonstrated, which include the cost of the fuel cell stack and the modifications associated with internal combustion engine vehicles, as well as regulatory and safety concerns, which impede the widespread usage of H₂. It is critical that policy-making for sustainable mobility in India is possible with the aid of a National H₂ Energy Road-Map. This in turn can achieve a cost target of $0.5/kg for H₂.     

Shared human–robot path following control of an unmanned ground vehicle

This paper considers the shared path following control of an unmanned ground vehicle by a single person. A passive measure of human intent is used to blend the human and machine inputs in a mixed initiative approach. The blending law is combined with saturated super-twisting sliding mode speed and heading controllers, so that exogenous disturbances can be counteracted via equivalent control. It is proven that when the proposed blending law is used, the combined control signals from both the human and automatic controller respect the actuator magnitude constraints of the machine. To demonstrate the approach, shared control experiments are performed using an unmanned ground vehicle, which follows a lawn mower pattern shaped path.     

A terrain risk assessment method for military surveillance applications for mobile assets

This study proposes an analytical and flexible terrain risk assessment method for military surveillance applications for mobile assets. Considering the risk as the degree of possibility of insurgent presence, the assessment method offers an efficient evaluation of risk in the surrounding terrain for military combat operating posts or observation posts. The method is designed for unmanned aerial vehicles as the surveillance assets of choice to improve the effectiveness of their use. Starting with the area map and geographical data, the target terrain is first digitized for space representation. Then the data of nine geographical parameters are used to formulate five contributing risk factors. These factors are incorporated in an analytical framework to generate a composite map with risk scores that reveal the potential high-risk spots in the terrain. The proposed method is also applied to a real-life case study of COP Kahler in Afghanistan, which was a target for insurgent attacks in 2008. The results confirm that when evaluated with the developed method, the region that the insurgents used to approach COP Kahler has high concentration of high-risk cells.     

Assessing the cost-effectiveness of electric vehicles in European countries using integrated modeling

Electric vehicles (EVs) are considered alternatives to internal combustion engines due to their energy efficiency and contribution to CO₂ mitigation. The adoption of EVs depends on consumer preferences, including cost, social status and driving habits, although it is agreed that current and expected costs play a major role. We use a partial equilibrium model that minimizes total energy system costs to assess whether EVs can be a cost-effective option for the consumers of each EU27 member state up to 2050, focusing on the impact of different vehicle investment costs and CO₂ mitigation targets. We found that for an EU-wide greenhouse gas emission reduction cap of 40% and 70% by 2050 vis-à-vis 1990 emissions, battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are cost-effective in the EU only by 2030 and only if their costs are 30% lower than currently expected. At the EU level, vehicle costs and the capability to deliver both short- and long-distance mobility are the main drivers of BEV deployment. Other drivers include each state’s national mobility patterns and the cost-effectiveness of alternative mitigation options, both in the transport sector, such as plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) or biofuels, and in other sectors, such as renewable electricity.     

接轨站设置位置和布置图型的影响因素及其分类

通过对接轨站设置位置和布置图型主要影响因素的分析。按照能够充分反映接轨站作业特点的交接方式。对接轨站所采用的布置图型进行了归纳和分类。     

广州清洁燃料汽车发展方向

选择好合适的汽车替代燃料，科学确定一个地区清洁燃料汽车的发展方向，是减少机动车有害尾气排放、控制城市大气环境污染重大而紧迫的课题。国内外汽车清洁燃料的发展规律表明，天然气特别是液化天然气，是汽车替代燃料的最佳选择与发展方向。为此，探讨了随着天然气工业的加快发展，作为广州这样一座已经发展液化石油气汽车并已形成有一定规模的城市，如何适应新形势的需求，科学决策，选择符合国家能源发展政策并适应当地具体实际的汽车清洁燃料路线，寻求顺利实施液化石油气与天然气两种清洁燃料平稳过渡的具体措施。最后提出以下建议：加速LNG加气站和液化天然气汽车（LNGV）相关技术规范的制定；加快实现LNG关键设备，如LNG泵、LNG售气机、车用LNG储罐的国产化步伐，以降低LNGV和加气站的成本；鉴于LNGV改装技术的现状，不提倡对在用车进行改装，而应加大力度，逐步推广单燃料LNG汽车。     

毗邻铁路大动脉排架式厂房拆除爆破

文章介绍了运煤车间爆破拆除工程的设计、施工经过及防后座的措施，对于复杂爆破环境的建筑物拆除有一定参考意义。     

浅谈延迟焦化装置露天栈桥的设计

根据延迟焦化装置露天栈桥的工程设计实践,围绕一炉两塔(一个加热炉两个焦炭塔)的焦化装置,分析了露天栈桥设计中的要点及难点,对其在平面布置、基础安排和吊车梁选型等设计方面做一些介绍和论述。     

300km/h高速铁路PC槽型梁动力试验研究

介绍北方交通大学与比利时鲁汶大学、布鲁塞尔自由大学、比利时铁路公司合作,在巴黎至布鲁塞尔之间高速铁路线上的Antoing大桥进行的二次高速铁路桥梁动力试验。试验桥梁由跨度50m的多跨预应力混凝土简支槽型梁构成,试验中列车速度达265-310km/h。通过现场试验和实验结果分析,得到了桥梁的频率、振型、阻尼等自振特性,以及桥梁在高速列车作用下的动挠度、梁和桥墩的横向和竖向加速度、橡胶支座的相对位移、梁体的动应变等动力响应特性。试验经验和测试结果对于充实高速铁路桥梁动力分析理论、改进数值分析模型、验证计算结果、提高高速铁路桥梁的动力设计水平、保证行车安全,具有重要的意义。     

铁路冷藏运输运价分析

本文对各种运输方式易腐货物的运价进行了比较分析,对铁路冷藏运输的现行运价和保本运价进行了讨论,提出了铁路冷藏运输运价改革的若干建议,可供铁路进行冷藏运输改革参考。