Microstructural and electrical changes in Ca0.9R0.1CeNbMoO8 (R = Y,Sm, Nd,La) ceramics induced by rare-earth ion doping

Rare-earth ions doped Ca_0.9R_0.1CeNbMoO₈ (R = Y, Sm, Nd, La) ceramics have been successfully prepared by solid-state method, and their modifications to the microstructure and electrical properties are also investigated. The rare-earth ions doped ceramics exhibit the scheelite structure. With the increase in the radius of rare-earth ions, the lattice distortion and bond interaction will be enhanced, and the consistency of grain size will be reduced. The ceramics exhibit negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor characteristics in the temperature range of 473 K-1273 K, and the activation energy decreases with the increase of the radius of rare-earth ions. Rare-earth ions doping can increase the content of Ce³⁺ ions and promote the conductivity of ceramics. Except for Sm³⁺-doped ceramics, the high-temperature aging rate of other ceramics is less than 2%. The existence of some metastable Sm²⁺ ions in Sm³⁺-doped ceramics not only increases the activation energy, but also reduces the high-temperature stability of the ceramics.     

Structural properties of inorganic materials: tungsten bronze SBN ceramics

Rare-earth doped strontium barium niobates were synthesized using usual ceramic technique. The dopants are La, Ce, Gd, Sm and Nd. The materials were characterized by XRD and density measurements. The grain sizes were determined from SEM analysis. Lattice parameters changed uniformly with rare-earth dopants in unfilled structures. Density measurements and SEM analysis confirmed only minute changes in the densities of the ceramics.     

新型长余辉稀土发光材料发光特性探讨

本文对新型长余辉稀土发光材料在不同照度 ,不同激发时间等多种条件下的发光特性进行了检测 ,并对检测结果进行了分析讨论。     

钙—铈氟碳酸盐矿物中BmSn型新多型的发现及其微结构研究

利用Philips CM-12分析型透射电镜对四川昌北大型稀土矿床中钙铈氟碳酸盐矿物进行了研究。除证实氟碳钙铈矿(BS)存在3R和6R2种多型外,首次发现和研究了氟碳钙铈矿(BS)存在4H、12H、18R、24R、30R和36R6种新多型;伦琴矿(BS_2)1种6R新多型和B_2S新规则混层矿物2H、12R和24R3种中新多型。电子衍射和晶格象分析表明:该类矿物中众多新多型的产生,主要是由于矿物结构单元层沿(?)轴有序堆垛和[CO_3]的定向周期性变化所致。     

Structure and Magnetic Properties of LaCo_(13-X)M_X Intermetallic Compounds

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氟碳铈矿／直氟碳钙铈矿混层结构中新规则混层矿物的超微结构研究

用电子衍射和晶格像技术研究了钙稀土氟碳酸盐矿物中的氟碳铈矿（Ｂ）／直氟碳钙铈矿（Ｓ）混层结构，发现并确定了Ｂ＿４Ｓ＿４、Ｂ＿８Ｓ＿６、Ｂ＿１Ｓ＿６、Ｂ＿７Ｓ＿４和Ｂ＿２Ｓ＿１５种新规则混层矿物的对称性、晶胞参数及理论晶体化学式。根据所获得的高分辨晶格像真实而直观地揭示出该类Ｂ＿ｍＳ＿ｎ（ｍ＞ｎ）型新规则混层矿物的长周期有序堆垛结构特征及变化规律。     

Synthesis of nano particle of inorganic oxides by polymer matrix

Ultrafine (⩽ 150 nm) powders of spinels [MFe₂O₄ where M = Ni(II), Co(II) and Zn(II)]; rare-earth orthoferrites [RFeO₃ where R = Sm, Nd and Gd], and rare-earth garnets [R₃Fe₃O₁₂ where R = Sm, Nd and Gd] with good purity and chemical homogeneity were prepared through two new versatile chemical routes. The first route involved the coprecipitation of the desired metal nitrates from their aqueous solution, in presence of a water soluble polymer-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), by triethyl ammonium carbonate solution. The other process involved complete evaporation of a mixture of optimum amounts of PVA and the desired aqueous metal nitrate solutions, with and without the addition of optimum amounts of urea when the mixture was evaporated to a pasty mass. In addition, detailed study on the reported potassium ferricyanide route was also carried out for the production of the rare-earth orthoferrite powders. The various precursor as well as the heat-treated mixed-oxide powders, prepared through each of the routes, were compared by the physical characterization studies involving thermal gravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and room temperature magnetic measurements.     

Photoacoustic Thermal Characterization of Porous Rare-Earth Phosphate Ceramics

The laser induced non-destructive photoacoustic technique has been employed to measure the thermal diffusivity of lanthanum phosphate ceramics prepared by the sol–gel route. The thermal diffusivity value was evaluated by knowing the transition frequency between the thermally thin to thermally thick region from the log–log plot of photoacoustic amplitude versus chopping frequency. Analysis of the data was carried out on the basis of the one-dimensional model of Rosencwaig and Gersho. The present investigation reveals that the sintering temperature has great influence on the propagation of heat carriers and hence on the thermal diffusivity value. The results were interpreted in terms of variations in porosity with sintering temperature as well as with changes in grain size.     

快速低温固体S—C—N三元共渗工艺研究

以木炭、尿素和硫化铁为渗剂,用稀土化合物CeCl_3作催渗剂,于570℃进行固体S-C-N三元共渗。试验结果表明,在相同时间内加催渗剂的渗层深度比不加催渗剂的有大幅度提高,且硬度及耐磨性亦有较大提高,硬度梯度较平缓。离子探针分析表明,稀土元素Ce亦被渗入钢的表面,它不仅起到活化渗剂的作用,同时在提高钢的性能方面还起到微合金化的作用。