环氧树脂及其增强材料回顾

本文回顾了PCB制造常用的环氧树脂及其增强材料的性能和用途。同时,还介绍了代用树脂材料和代用增强材料的最新进展,如改性环氧树脂、无卤树脂、Thermount、PTFE、氰酸酯等,并就其性能进行了探讨。     

Microstructure characterization of reinforcements in in-situ synthesized composites of Al-Zr-O system

A novel in-situ reaction system Al-Zr-O was developed. In-situ Al3Zr and Al2O3 particulates reinforced aluminum matrix composites were fabricated by the direct melt reaction technique in the Al-Zr-O system. Microstructures of the composites and crystal morphology of in-situ formed Al3Zr and Al2O3 particulates were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Results indicate that in-situ formed Al3 Zr and Al2O3 particles are finer and well distributed in aluminum matrix. Al3Zr particulates with a tetragonal structure are mainly in the shape of polyhedron. A few of them are in the form of rectangle. The length/width ratio of the rectangular Al3Zr is less than 2.0 and the maximum size is 2μm. In addition, a certain number of Al2O3 submicro particles with a hexagonal structure are also generated in this system. Furthermore, it is found that Al3Zr crystal grows by the mechanism of twinning. The twin plane is (114). The twinning direction is [221]. The tensile tests show that the composites synthesized in the Al-Zr-O system exhibits high strength and ductility. There are a lot of ripples with fine particles on the fracture. The principal strengthening mechanisms for (Al3Zr Al2O3 )p/Al composites may include Orowan strengthening, grain-refining strengthening, solid-solution strengthening and dislocation strengthening.     

内伸式接管补强结构应力分布特点

针对圆柱形压力容器内伸式接管补强结构，以DXF格式件为中介，用数学计算自动生成有限元计算模型的方法，进行了三维线弹性有限元应力分析，得到了内压圆柱壳内伸式接管补强结构的应力分布规律。结果表明，接管与简体相贯线最低处简体的内、外壁上的两点是内伸式接管补强结构的危险点，内伸长度的大小不影响内伸式接管补强结构的应力分布规律。分析结果为进行内伸式接管补强结构的设计提供了依据。     

Ram‐air kite airfoil and reinforcements optimization for airborne wind energy applications

We present a multidisciplinary design optimization method for the profile and structural reinforcement layout of a ram‐air kite rib. The aim is to minimize the structural elastic energy and to maximize the traction power of a ram‐air kite used for airborne wind energy generation. Because of the large deformations occurring during flight, a fluid‐structure interaction (FSI) routine is included in the optimization, which determines the actual deformed rib geometry and its corresponding aerodynamic characteristics. A qualitative comparison between FSI inclusion and exclusion in the optimization is given. Discrepancies in airfoil profile and structural layout are observed.     

Nonlinear formulation based on FEM,Mazars damage criterion and Fick’s law applied to failure assessment of reinforced concrete structures subjected to chloride ingress and reinforcements corrosion

Structural durability is an important design criterion, which must be assessed for every type of structure. In this regard, especial attention must be addressed to the durability of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. When RC structures are located in aggressive environments, its durability is strongly reduced by physical/chemical/mechanical processes that trigger the corrosion of reinforcements. Among these processes, the diffusion of chlorides is recognized as one of major responsible of corrosion phenomenon start. To accurate modelling the corrosion of reinforcements and to assess the durability of RC structures, a mechanical model that accounts realistically for both concrete and steel mechanical behaviour must be considered. In this context, this study presents a numerical nonlinear formulation based on the finite element method applied to structural analysis of RC structures subjected to chloride penetration and reinforcements corrosion. The physical nonlinearity of concrete is described by Mazars damage model whereas for reinforcements elastoplastic criteria are adopted. The steel loss along time due to corrosion is modelled using an empirical approach presented in literature and the chloride concentration growth along structural cover is represented by Fick’s law. The proposed model is applied to analysis of bended structures. The results obtained by the proposed numerical approach are compared to responses available in literature in order to illustrate the evolution of structural resistant load after corrosion start.     

锚栓抗震性能研究综述

介绍了国内外在锚栓抗震方面的研究成果,试验表明,锚栓在动力荷载作用下其抗拉、抗剪承载力有所提高。分析了混凝土开裂和配筋对锚栓抗震承载力的影响,基材混凝土开裂会造成锚栓承载力降低,在配箍筋较密的情况下锚栓的抗震性能会显著提高。最后对今后的研究方向提出建议。     

氮化硅结合碳化硅复合材料性能优化的研究进展

氮化硅结合碳化硅具有优异的力学性能、抗蠕变性能、抗热冲击性能、热学性能和抗化学侵蚀性能,被广泛应用于冶金、化工、机械和国防军工等领域.氮化硅结合碳化硅的服役环境恶劣,材料的力学性能、抗热震性能、抗侵蚀性能和抗氧化性能是影响其服役寿命的关键.本文针对如何提升氮化硅结合碳化硅材料的服役性能,对氮化硅结合碳化硅力学性能、抗热...     

石牛水库防渗加固后大坝渗透系数反分析

准确获取石牛水库防渗加固后大坝渗透系数是评价其防渗加固效果的基础。结合石牛水库典型剖面的监测水头数据,利用BP神经网络反分析得出防渗加固后大坝各区域的渗透系数,并基于该组渗透系数采用有限单元法确定坝体浸润线的位置。计算所得的浸润线与实测浸润线位置接近,这表明反演所得渗透系数具有较高精度,能够为后续评估石牛水库的防渗加固效果提供可靠数据。     

钢筋网高性能复合砂浆加固钢筋混凝土方柱抗震性能的研究

通过4根钢筋混凝土近似足尺方柱在不变轴力和周期水平反复荷载作用下受力性能的试验研究,验证了用钢筋网高性能复合砂浆(CMMR)加固钢筋混凝土柱以提高其抗震性能的有效性:不仅柱的抗震承载能力有明显提高,而且其抗震延性有大幅度改善,抗震耗能能力也有一定程度的增强。本文先对试验结果进行了描述,然后研究了轴压比变化、加固后截面形式改变、用无钢筋网增强的素砂浆加固等因素对抗震加固效果的影响,并对这种加固层提高钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能的作用机理及被加固柱的裂缝形态进行了分析。     

钢筋混凝土框架粘钢加固现场试验分析

本文介绍了某银行大楼框架破损现状及实测资料,分析了致使结构破损的原因及破损程度,提出了粘钢加固的两种方案。并对加固后的结构进行了现场加载试验,得出了位移及应力随荷载变化的规律,讨论了结构加固后其强度、刚度的提高。