杂散电流对阴极保护效果影响的模拟实验

本文通过模拟地下管道阴极保护的现场，测定了地下的杂散电流及其对阴极保护效果的影响，并对相关问题进行了分析。     

卡塞格林式星敏感器杂散光分析

卡塞格林系统是新型星敏感器的光学系统,具有口径大、体积小的优点,但外界杂散光对卡塞格林系统的影响很大。介绍了一种焦距为425mm,口径为102mm的卡塞格林系统,考虑轴外渐晕的影响,给出星敏感器主遮光罩以及主、次遮光罩的设计方法。这种设计方法相比于其他方法更加便捷和精准。并用Tracepro对系统进行杂散光分析。计算得到点源垂直照度透射比（Point Source Transmittance,PST）曲线。分析结果表明,当杂散光入射角大于临界角30°时,PST值小于10-8量级,满足系统使用要求。证明设计方法是可行的。     

Novel predictive model for metallic structure corrosion status in presence of stray current in DC mass transit systems简

The novel method to analyze metallic structure corrosion status was proposed in the presence of stray current in DC mass transit systems. Firstly, the characteristic parameter and the influence parameters for the corrosion status were determined. Secondly, an experimental system was established for simulating the corrosion process within the stray current interference. Then, a predictive model for the corrosion status was built, using a support vector machine （SVM） method and experimental data. The data were divided into two sets, including training set and testing set. The training set was used to generate the SVM model and the testing set was used to evaluate the predictive performance of the SVM model. The results show that the relationship between the characteristic parameter and the influence parameters is nonlinear and the SVM model is suitable for predicting the corrosion status.     

基于分布参数的煤矿井下直流杂散电流研究

直流杂散电流是引起井下瓦斯爆炸的重要原因之一,对煤矿安全生产具有很大威胁。针对这一问题,从杂散电流的产生机理着手,建立了井下直流杂散电流的分布参数模型;在该模型的基础上,仿真分析了各个参数对杂散电流的影响,得出了如下结论:随着机车电流的增加、供电区间的延长及轨道电阻的增大,杂散电流也会线性增加,可通过减小机车电流、缩短供电区间长度及减小轨道电阻来减小杂散电流;轨道与大地间过渡电阻低于安全值时会造成杂散电流急剧增大,保证轨道与地之间的绝缘是限制杂散电流的一种有效措施。     

镍基单晶高温合金涡轮叶片缘板杂晶的研究进展

镍基单晶高温合金涡轮叶片缘板杂晶的出现严重影响叶片的力学性能,导致叶片报废。综述了关于缘板杂晶的形成本质的研究,总结了不同影响因素对缘板杂晶形成的影响及原因并概况了几种不同杂晶的控制方法,指出了以往研究中存在的问题,展望了未来研究的方向。     

EGYPTOR Tokamak: Modification of the Original Design Using Permanent Compensation Coils and First Results of the Breakdown Discharge

The EGYPTOR tokamak is a small device of rectangular cross section 25 × 20 cm. Modification of the original design is done by adding compensation coils connected to the Toroidal field (TF) coils and Ohmic heating (OH) coils. These compensation coils are used to compensate most of the stray magnetic field components that prevent a breakdown discharge. First results of the breakdown discharge are reported. A gated ICCD camera is used to obtain side view images of the visible light emitted from the plasma.     

地铁杂散电流检测的模拟实时监测系统

针对地铁走行轨杂散电流的存在会对金属管线和钢筋产生电化学腐蚀作用这一问题,为减少因此而导致的金属加速腐蚀、设备使用寿命缩短和灾害性事故的产生,通过实验室模拟实验测定了在不同的地质条件下金属受杂散电流影响产生的电腐蚀现象,并分析了其机理。介绍了实验装置的设计和数据采集过程。模拟系统解决了多个监测点的杂散电流实时监测的重要问题,同时取得多点数据,并能进行长时间连续监测和记录,简单实用,可行性好,可为相关技术改造措施和方案提供一定的实验数据。     

不同结构地基光电探测系统的杂散光抑制

分析了不同结构形式的地基折反式光电探测系统的杂散光特性,讨论了相应的杂散光抑制方法.针对有无中间像面的光学系统,分别给出了两种不同的杂散光抑制方案,并对其中的长波红外系统进行了自身辐射分析.结果表明:对于无中间像面的折反系统,外遮光罩可以更好地抑制大离轴角度的杂散光;对于有中间像面的折反系统,采取光阑组合和设置主镜内遮光罩的方式就可以很好地抑制外部杂散光,在满足自身辐射要求的前提下,有效减少因设置外遮光罩而增加的长度和质量,有利于小型化和轻量化.     

Modeling method of fast transient for unsymmetrical stray capacitance to ground

Transient characteristic of power system apparatus in a high‐frequency region should be modeled with stray capacitors. Pi‐type circuit is commonly used to represent the stray capacitors between terminals and those to the ground. A modeling method for the pi‐type circuit with unsymmetrical stray capacitances to ground is proposed in this paper. To obtain the unsymmetrical stray capacitances to ground, a couple of differential‐mode measurements are interchangeably applied. The parameters of the pi‐type circuit can be determined by the measurements with a common‐mode measurement. A nonlinear least‐squares method is used to estimate the capacitances. The method is applied to compose an equivalent circuit of a miniature circuit breaker (MCB), which has unsymmetrical stray capacitances to ground. The application is not only for the MCB but also for a scaled model of a high‐voltage circuit breaker. A gas‐filled arrester is used as a voltage sensor for the test because the voltage across the stray capacitor cannot be directly measured due to the input capacitance of a voltage probe. A transient response of the MCB with the gas‐filled arresters is numerically simulated to show the usefulness of the equivalent circuit. © 2015 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

超短型内嵌式遮光罩设计

为了在不影响杂散光抑制效果的同时减少空间遥感器的结构尺寸,方便其姿态控制,提出了一种超短型内嵌式遮光罩。介绍了超短型内嵌式遮光罩的基本结构形式及其优化设计方法。重新设计了遮光罩的形状,采用超短型多层遮光筒结构代替了传统设计中过长的外遮光罩。改变了遮光罩与主体结构的安装方式,将遮光罩嵌入式安装于空间遥感器的主体结构,最大限度地压缩了结构尺寸。以某航空相机光学载荷为例,分析了该种遮光罩的可行性和消杂散光效果。采用Light-tools软件优化设计了双层同心圆柱筒结构的遮光罩,并对该遮光罩的杂散光抑制效果进行了评估。模拟计算结果表明,外遮光罩采用超短型内嵌式结构后,遮光罩总长度和重量均减小为传统设计结果的1/3。系统的点源透过率(PST)曲线显示其整体呈下降趋势,且在离轴角大于25°后,光学系统的PST降低到10~(-7)以下。另外,设计的遮光罩能够有效抑制视场外杂散光,其杂散光抑制能力与其他离轴、同轴系统大体相当,满足使用需求。