（急）PDMS/ZrO2/SiO2超疏水辐射制冷薄膜的制备及性能

被动日间辐射制冷（PDRC）技术由于不需要外部能源、绿色清洁无污染而受到广泛关注。该文通过将聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）和二氧化锆（ZrO2）颗粒进行复合形成分散液，将其浇铸成膜后得到PDMS/ZrO2辐射制冷薄膜材料，然后通过喷涂PDMS/SiO2分散液对其进行疏水化处理制备了一种超疏水辐射制冷薄膜材料。通过优化ZrO2粒径和喷涂液中SiO2用量，薄膜表面接触角可达156.6 ° ± 2 °，滚动角为0.3 ° ± 0.1 °，呈现优异的自清洁性能。其太阳光反射率高达95.3%，红外发射率大于90%。在太阳光直射下，薄膜可实现平均9.99 ℃的降温效果。薄膜的自清洁性能使其表面不受泥土污染从而具有稳定持久的辐射降温功能。除此之外，薄膜具有优异的机械性能、耐摩擦性能以及耐酸/碱溶液和紫外光照稳定性。     

Preprogramming Floating Time of Liquid Marble

Non-sticking droplets wrapped with fine hydrophobic particles, namely liquid marbles, can be transported both on solid and water pool without an undesired spill of the inner encapsulated liquid. While the stimuli-responsive release of the inner liquid in the target area is proposed, the time-programmed release is not yet achieved. Herein, the hydrophobicity of nanoclay is modulated via a catalyst-free 1,4-conjugate addition reaction to form liquid marbles. This nanoclay liquid marble is robust and stable in air but collapses on the liquid pool with a specific lifetime. The lifetime of the liquid marble can be modulated over seconds to hours scale depending on the selection of chemically modulated wettability of the nanoclay. The critical mechanism of lifetime modulation is responsible for controlling the coalescence kinetics between the water pool and inner liquid by nanoclays’ high diffusion length and chemically varied water spreading potential. The NC liquid marble's programmable lifetime to ‘time-bomb’ type drug release and cascade chemical reaction is applied—without requiring any external intervention.     

静电纺丝法制备超疏水氟硅改性纳米SiO_2/PET共混膜

利用1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟辛基三氯硅烷对SiO_2纳米粒子进行表面改性,制备得到氟硅改性SiO_2纳米粒子(M-SiO_2),并将其与聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)共混后溶于六氟异丙醇(HFIP)溶剂中进行静电纺丝。采用接触角测量仪、扫描电镜和X射线光电子能谱研究了M-SiO_2/PET电纺膜的疏水性能、表面形貌以及化学组成。结果表明,静电纺丝法制备的M-SiO_2/PET共混电纺膜对水的接触角可高达155.2°,并且对水的滞后角仅为3.4°,即具有超疏水性能。     

Robust Non-Wetting PTFE Surfaces by Femtosecond Laser Machining

Nature shows many examples of surfaces with extraordinary wettability, which can often be associated with particular air-trapping surface patterns. Here, robust non-wetting surfaces have been created by femtosecond laser ablation of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The laser-created surface structure resembles a forest of entangled fibers, which support structural superhydrophobicity even when the surface chemistry is changed by gold coating. SEM analysis showed that the degree of entanglement of hairs and the depth of the forest pattern correlates positively with accumulated laser fluence and can thus be influenced by altering various laser process parameters. The resulting fibrous surfaces exhibit a tremendous decrease in wettability compared to smooth PTFE surfaces; droplets impacting the virgin or gold coated PTFE forest do not wet the surface but bounce off. Exploratory bioadhesion experiments showed that the surfaces are truly air-trapping and do not support cell adhesion. Therewith, the created surfaces successfully mimic biological surfaces such as insect wings with robust anti-wetting behavior and potential for antiadhesive applications. In addition, the fabrication can be carried out in one process step, and our results clearly show the insensitivity of the resulting non-wetting behavior to variations in the process parameters, both of which make it a strong candidate for industrial applications.     

AZ31镁合金Ni-P/NiO耐腐蚀超疏水表面的制备及其性能研究

通过化学镀镍、水热法和浸泡法在AZ31镁合金上制备出Ni-P/NiO超疏水表面。首先通过化学镀镍的方法,在镁合金表面形成了一个Ni-P隔离层,有效地阻止外界与镁合金基底的接触,然后在Ni-P之上构筑NiO粗糙结构并对其表面进行疏水修饰,进一步对镁合金基底进行保护。通过电化学阻抗分析得出,其阻抗模值可达1×10⁸ Ω·cm²,比未经处理的镁合金高出6个数量级,腐蚀电流密度降低到0.587 μA·cm^-2,表明制备出的Ni-P/NiO超疏水表面具有优良的耐腐蚀性能。     

PVDF-PFTS/SiO2膜制备及抗混合污染性能

采用表面接枝技术制备了PVDF-PFTS/SiO₂超疏水复合膜,通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和红外光谱（FTIR）分析了膜污染前后的表面结构和组成,考察了直接接触式膜蒸馏（DCMD）装置出水电导率和膜通量的变化,利用XDLVO理论分析了PVDF-PFTS/SiO₂超疏水复合膜的抗混合污染性能和机理。结果表明：在1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-全氟辛基三氯硅烷（PFTS）和SiO₂共同作用下,PVDF-PFTS/SiO₂超疏水复合膜表面形成微纳米复合乳突结构,水接触角（WCA）由99°增至155°。与PVDF基膜相比,PVDF-PFTS/SiO₂超疏水复合膜对混合污染物具有较好的抗污染性能;连续运行10h,膜通量和截留率分别保持在10.06kg/(m²·h)和99.80%。XDLVO理论分析表明,PVDF-PFTS/SiO₂超疏水复合膜表面与污染物之间的作用力由引力转变为斥力是其抗混合污染性能增强的主要原因之一。     

超疏水纸基功能材料的应用研究进展

具有绿色环保、高性能、低成本等优点的纸基功能材料受到诸多关注。为突破纸基材料自身纤维亲水性等瓶颈,大量研究赋予了纸基材料优异的超疏水性能,从而制备了具有高附加值的纸基超疏水功能材料。本文主要阐述了超疏水纸基功能材料的最新应用研究进展,如油/水分离、食品包装、智能响应装置、传感器等新器件与装备领域,并对超疏水纸基功能材料的未来发展方向进行了展望。     

机械高稳态超疏水表面的研究进展

超疏水表面因其具有低粘附和排斥水的特性,广泛应用于冷凝传热、抗结冰、减阻、防腐蚀、油水分离及自清洁等众多领域,具有极其重要的应用前景.然而,超疏水表面在机械作用下容易造成超疏水性部分或全部丧失,限制其实际应用,故关于该表面机械稳态性问题研究的重要性凸显.综述了超疏水表面在机械作用下的失稳机制和稳态性评价方式,根据超疏水...