心源性猝死一级预防植入心律转复除颤器前非持续室性心动过速与植入后恰当治疗的关系

目的探讨植入型心律转复除颤器(implantable cardioverter defibrillator,ICD)用于心源性猝死一级预防时,植入前发生非持续性室性心动过速(non-sustained ventricular tachycardia,NSVT)与植入后ICD恰当治疗的关系。方法本研究为单中心回顾性队列研究,连续纳入2006年1月至2017年12月在北京协和医院住院植入ICD用于一级预防的心脏病患者,患者在住院期间ICD植入前均完善Holter检查。根据Holter检查是否出现NSVT,将患者分为NSVT组及无NSVT组。门诊或电话随访至2018年8月,随访事件包括全因死亡、植入后ICD放电治疗及抗心动过速起搏(antitachycardia pacing,ATP)治疗情况。结果纳入60例符合入选和排除标准的患者,随访时间37 (14～61)个月,KaplanMeier生存曲线及Log-Rank检验提示,NSVT组与无NSVT组相比,全因死亡率无统计学差异(P=0. 108),NSVT组恰当治疗的风险高于无NSVT组(P=0. 033),NSVT和左心室射血分数与ICD恰当治疗独立相关(NSVT:HR=5. 099,95%CI:1. 399～18. 588,P=0. 014;左心室射血分数:HR=1. 077,95%CI:1. 013～1. 145,P=0. 018)。结论 ICD一级预防患者植入前出现NSVT提示接受ICD恰当治疗的风险增加。     

核素心室造影舒张早期功能测定对冠心病估价

用平衡法核素心室造影自动左心室功能测定法检查了２３例正常人、３７例无心肌梗塞（ＣＡＤ－ＮＭＩ）和１４例有心肌梗塞（ＣＡＤ－ＭＩ）冠心病人左心室功能。结果表明，ＰＦＲ反映心肌缺血改变比其他心功能参数敏感。ＣＡＤ－ＮＭＩ组与正常对照组比较，ＰＦＲ的灵敏度为９４．５９％，Ｐ〈０．００１，其他参数的灵敏度依次为ＴＰＦＲ５４．０５％，Ｐ〈０．０１；ＰＥＲ５４．０５，Ｐ〈０．０１；ＴＰＥＲ４９．９５％，Ｐ〈０     

"The association between emotional upset and cardiac arrhythmia during daily life": Correction to Carels et al. (2003).

Reports an error in the original article by R. A. Carels et al (Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 2003[Jun], Vol 71[3], 613-618). On page 615, Lines 18, 20, 22, of Table 1, the data in the rows that read "Tachycardia in min per hr," "Repetitive PVCs per hr," and "PVCs per hr" are incorrectly reported in the n and % columns. They should have been reported in the M and SD columns. The corrected table is provided. (The following abstract of this article originally appeared in record 2003-00756-023.) Ventricular arrhythmia exhibits considerable within-subject variability that cannot be attributed to clinical status alone. This investigation examined the extent to which cardiac arrhythmia was associated with psychological and physical factors assessed during the hour preceding arrhythmic or nonarrhythmic activity. Approximately twice hourly, 46 patients randomly completed a diary assessing mood and physical symptoms during 24-hr electrocardiographic monitoring. Greater negative emotion was associated with increased arrhythmia. Additionally, greater negative emotion was significantly associated with increased arrhythmia among participants in a low left ventricular ejection fraction group (LVEF). However, this relationship between negative emotion and arrhythmia was not... (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Increased Bone Resorption during Lactation in Pycnodysostosis

Pycnodysostosis, a rare autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia, is caused by a deficiency of cathepsin K. Patients have impaired bone resorption in the presence of normal or increased numbers of multinucleated, but dysfunctional, osteoclasts. Cathepsin K degrades collagen type I and generates N-telopeptide (NTX) and the C-telopeptide (CTX) that can be quantified. Levels of these telopeptides are increased in lactating women and are associated with increased bone resorption. Nothing is known about the consequences of cathepsin K deficiency in lactating women. Here we present for the first time normalized blood and CTX measurements in a patient with pycnodysostosis, exclusively related to the lactation period. In vitro studies using osteoclasts derived from blood monocytes during lactation and after weaning further show consistent bone resorption before and after lactation. Increased expression of cathepsins L and S in osteoclasts derived from the lactating patient suggests that other proteinases could compensate for the lack of cathepsin K during the lactation period of pycnodysostosis patients.     

Targeting Intercellular Communication in the Bone Microenvironment to Prevent Disseminated Tumor Cell Escape from Dormancy and Bone Metastatic Tumor Growth

Metastasis to the bone is a common feature of many cancers including those of the breast, prostate, lung, thyroid and kidney. Once tumors metastasize to the bone, they are essentially incurable. Bone metastasis is a complex process involving not only intravasation of tumor cells from the primary tumor into circulation, but extravasation from circulation into the bone where they meet an environment that is generally suppressive of their growth. The bone microenvironment can inhibit the growth of disseminated tumor cells (DTC) by inducing dormancy of the DTC directly and later on following formation of a micrometastatic tumour mass by inhibiting metastatic processes including angiogenesis, bone remodeling and immunosuppressive cell functions. In this review we will highlight some of the mechanisms mediating DTC dormancy and the complex relationships which occur between tumor cells and bone resident cells in the bone metastatic microenvironment. These inter-cellular interactions may be important targets to consider for development of novel effective therapies for the prevention or treatment of bone metastases.     

Stretchable,Antifreezing, Non-Drying,and Fast-Response Sensors Based on Cellulose Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Signal Detection

Conductive hydrogels have received widespread attention in the applications of biosensors, human–machine interface, and health recording electrodes. Herein, the conductive hydrogels integrated with antifreezing, water retention, reusable, and sensing performances are fabricated by introducing polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose nanofibril, MXene nanosheets, and glycerol. The as-prepared hydrogels present prominent electrical conductivity (2.58 mS cm⁻¹) and flexibility even at −18 °C. In addition, the hydrogels have favorable water retention performance and can reuse after heating and cooling. When used as sensors, the hydrogels illustrate high sensitivity (gauge factor of 2.30), fast response time (0.165 s), wide working strain range (559%), favorable linearity (R² = 0.999), and wide operating temperature range (−18 to 60 °C). The hydrogels can detect not only large strains of 10–200%, but also small strains of 1–5%, making them promising candidates for wearable sensors to monitor large and subtle movements.     

水热离子交换时间对铯离子改型白榴石的影响

为实现对白榴石热膨胀系数的有效调控,利用铯离子对白榴石粉体进行改型。将白榴石粉体在浓度为0.3 mol/L的硫酸铯溶液中进行水热离子交换处理。利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对180 ℃下不同离子交换时间得到样品的物相和形貌进行了分析和观察。结果表明:铯离子进入白榴石晶格后,使部分白榴石转变生成了铯榴石,并且随着保温时间的延长,产物铯榴石晶体会逐渐由四方晶系过渡为立方晶系。当保温时间超过10 h时,两相间内应力增加会导致铯榴石从白榴石颗粒表面脱落,所以保温时间应该控制在2~10 h。利用JMA方程对合成铯榴石生长动力学过程进行拟合分析,从Avrami指数n小于0.5可知,整个反应主要由扩散控制。