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《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(80):33919-33937
Development of efficient, low cost and multifunctional electrocatalysts for water splitting to harvest hydrogen fuels is a challenging task, but the combination of carbon materials with transition metal-based compounds is providing a unique and attractive strategy. Herein, composite systems based on cobalt ferrite oxide-reduced graphene oxide (Co2FeO4) @(rGO) using simultaneous hydrothermal and chemical reduction methods have been prepared. The proposed study eliminates one step associated with the conversion of GO into rGO as it uses direct GO during the synthesis of cobalt ferrite oxide, consequently rGO based hybrid system is achieved in-situ significantly, the optimized Co2FeO4@rGO composite has revealed an outstanding multifunctional applications related to both oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen counterpart (HER). Various metal oxidation states and oxygen vacancies at the surface of Co2FeO4@rGO composites guided the multifunctional surface properties. The optimized Co2FeO4@rGO composite presents excellent multifunctional properties with onset potential of 0.60 V for ORR, an overpotential of 240 mV at a 20 mAcm?2 for OER and 320 mV at a 10 mAcm?2 for HER respectively. Results revealed that these multifunctional properties of the optimized Co2FeO4@ rGO composite are associated with high electrical conductivity, high density of active sites, crystal defects, oxygen vacancies, and favorable electronic structure arisinng from the substitution of Fe for Co atoms in binary spinel oxide phase. These surface features synergistically uplifted the electrocatalytic properties of Co2FeO4@rGO composites. The multifunctional properties of the Co2FeO4@ rGO composite could be of high interest for its use in a wide range of applications in sustainable and renewable energy fields. 相似文献
3.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(10):6755-6766
Mg-based hydride is a promising hydrogen storage material, but its capacity is hindered by the kinetic properties. In this study, Mg–Mg2Ni–LaHx nanocomposite is formed from the H-induced decomposition of Mg98Ni1·67La0.33 alloy. The hydrogen capacity of 7.19 wt % is reached at 325 °C under 3 MPa H2, attributed to the ultrahigh hydrogenation capacity in Stage I. The hydrogen capacity of 5.59 wt % is achieved at 175 °C under 1 MPa H2. The apparent activation energies for hydrogen absorption and desorption are calculated as 57.99 and 107.26 kJ/mol, which are owing to the modified microstructure with LaHx and Mg2Ni nanophases embedding in eutectic, and tubular nanostructure adjacent to eutectic. The LaH2.49 nanophase can catalyze H2 molecules to dissociate and H atoms to permeate due to its stronger affinity with H atoms. The interfaces of these nanophases provide preferential nucleation sites and alleviate the “blocking effect” together with tubular nanostructure by providing H atoms diffusion paths after the impingement of MgH2 colonies. Therefore, the superior hydrogenation properties are achieved because of the rapid absorption process of Stage I. The efficient synthesis of nano-catalysts and corresponding mechanisms for improving hydrogen storage properties have important reference to related researches. 相似文献
4.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(14):20158-20167
Vacuum induction melting is a potential process for the preparation of TiAl alloys with good homogeneity and low cost. But the crucial problem is a selection of high stability refractory. In this study, a BaZrO3/Y2O3 dual-phase refractory was prepared and its performance for melting TiAl alloys was studied and compared with that of a Y2O3 refractory. The results showed the dual-phase refractory consisted of BaZr1-xYxO3-δ and Y2O3(ZrO2), exhibited a thinner interaction layer (30 μm) than the Y2O3 refractory (90 μm) after melting the TiAl alloy. Although the TiAl alloys melted in the dual-phase and Y2O3 refractory exhibited similar oxygen contamination (<0.1 wt%), the alloy melted in the dual-phase refractory had smaller Y2O3 inclusion content and size than that in the Y2O3 refractory, indicating that the dual-phase refractory exhibited a better melting performance than the Y2O3 refractory. This study provides insights into the process of designing highly stable refractory for melting TiAl alloys. 相似文献
5.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(58):24358-24373
Ni–Co/Mg(Al)O alloy catalysts with different Co/Ni molar ratios have been prepared from Ni- and Co-substituted Mg–Al hydrotalcite-like compounds (HTlcs) as precursors and tested for dry reforming of methane. The XRD characterization shows that Ni–Co–Mg–Al HTlcs are decomposed by calcination into Mg(Ni,Co,Al)O solid solution, and by reduction finely dispersed alloy particles are formed. H2-TPR indicates a strong interaction between nickel/cobalt oxides and magnesia, and the presence of cobalt in Mg(Ni,Co,Al)O enhances the metal-support interaction. STEM-EDX analysis reveals that nickel and cobalt cations are homogeneously distributed in the HTlcs precursor and in the derived solid solution, and by reduction the resulting Ni–Co alloy particles are composition-uniform. The Ni–Co/Mg(Al)O alloy catalysts exhibit relatively high activity and stability at severe conditions, i.e., a medium temperature of 600 °C and a high space velocity of 120000 mL g?1 h?1. In comparison to monometallic Ni catalyst, Ni–Co alloying effectively inhibits methane decomposition and coke deposition, leading to a marked enhancement of catalytic stability. From CO2-TPD and TPSR, it is suggested that alloying Ni with Co favors the CO2 adsorption/activation and promotes the elimination of carbon species, thus improving the coke resistance. Furthermore, a high and stable activity with low coking is demonstrated at 750 °C. The hydrotalcite-derived Ni–Co/Mg(Al)O catalysts show better catalytic performance than many of the reported Ni–Co catalysts, which can be attributed to the formation of Ni–Co alloy with uniform composition, proper size, and strong metal-support interaction as well as the presence of basic Mg(Al)O as support. 相似文献
6.
Giulia Andreani Enea Ferlizza Riccardo Cabbri Micaela Fabbri Elisa Bellei Gloria Isani 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(1)
The recent introduction of the Asian yellow-legged hornet, Vespa velutina, into Europe has raised concern regarding the threat to honeybees and the competition with the European hornet, Vespa crabro. The aim of this study was to investigated essential (Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu) and non-essential (Cd and Pb) elements in these two species. Element concentrations were determined in the whole body and separately in the head, thorax and abdomen using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The changes in essential element concentration and speciation during metamorphosis were also studied using size exclusion chromatography followed by AAS and proteomic analysis. In both species, the essential elements were more concentrated in the abdomen due to the presence of fat bodies. Magnesium, Fe and Zn concentrations were significantly higher in V. crabro than in V. velutina and could have been related to the higher aerobic energy demand of the former species required to sustain foraging flight. Low concentrations of Cd and Pb were indicative of low environmental exposure. The concentration and speciation of essential elements, particularly Fe, varied among the developmental stages, indicating a modification of ligand preferences during metamorphosis. Overall, the results in the present study provide a better understanding of the hornet metal metabolism and a foundation for additional studies. 相似文献
7.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(4):2279-2292
A new catalyst for both water reduction and oxidation, based on an infinite chain, {[Ni(tn)2]3 [Fe(CN)4 (μ-CN)2]2}n, is formed by the reaction of NiCl2, 1,3-propanediamine (tn) and K3 [Fe(CN)6]. {[Ni(tn)2]3 [Fe(CN)4 (μ-CN)2]2}n can electro-catalyze hydrogen evolution from a neutral aqueous buffer (pH 7.0) with a turnover frequency (TOF) of 1561 mol of hydrogen per mole of catalyst per hour (H2/mol catalyst/h) at an overpotential (OP) of 837 mV {[Ni(tn)2]3 [Fe(CN)4 (μ-CN)2]2}n also can electro-catalyze O2 production from water with a TOF of ~45 mol O2 (mol cat)?1s?1 at an OP of 591 mV. Under blue light (λ = 469 nm), together with CdS nanorods (CdS NRs) as a photosensitizer, and ascorbic acid (H2A) as a sacrificial electron donor, {[Ni(tn)2]3 [Fe(CN)4 (μ-CN)2]2}n can photo-catalyze hydrogen generation from an aqueous buffer (pH 4.0) with a turnover number (TON) of 11,450 mol H2 per mole of catalyst (mol of H2 (mol of cat)?1) during 10 h irradiation. The average of apparent quantum yield (AQY) is as high as 40.96% during 10 h irradiation. Studies indicate that {[Ni(tn)2]3 [Fe(CN)4 (μ-CN)2]2}n exists in two forms: a cyano-bridged chain ({[Ni(tn)2]3 [Fe(CN)4 (μ-CN)2]2}n) in solid, and a salt ([Ni(tn)2]3 [Fe(CN)6]2) in aqueous media; Catalytic reaction occurs on the nickel center of [Ni(tn)2]2+, and the introduction of [Fe(CN)6]3- can improve the catalytic efficiency of [Ni(tn)2]2+ for H2 or O2 generation. We hope these findings can afford a new method for the design of catalysts for both water reduction and oxidation. 相似文献
8.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(73):36291-36300
A new reverse build-up method is developed to fabricate an economical H2-permeable composite membrane. Sputtering and electroplating are used for the formation of a membrane comprised of a 3.7-μm-thick Pd60Cu40 (wt.%) alloy layer and a 13-μm-thick porous Ni support layer, respectively. The H2-permeation measurements are performed under the flow of a gaseous mixture of H2 and He at 300–320 °C and 50–100 kPa of H2 partial pressure. The H2/He selectivity values exceed 300. The activation energy at 300–320 °C is 10.9 kJ mol−1. The H2 permeability of the membrane is 1.25 × 10−8 mol m−1 s−1 Pa−0.5 at 320 °C after 448 h. The estimated Pd cost of the proposed membrane is approximately 1/8 of the cost for a pure Pd60Cu40 membrane. This study demonstrates that the proposed method allows the facile production of low-cost, Pd-based membranes for H2 separation. 相似文献
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10.
新型建筑工业化具有高质量、低消耗、可循环发展等特征,其推广已上升到国家战略层面。利用演化博弈方法,建立“政府-开发商-银行” 的三方动态演化博弈模型,进行各博弈主体策略的演化稳定性分析,并针对初始状态、奖惩力度、借贷风险和开发成本等对演化结果的影响进行动态仿真。在此基础上, 考虑开发商群体的网络拓扑特征对演化真实性的影响,引入复杂网络理论, 以无标度网络为载体描述开发商个体的连接偏好和决策机制,构建政府监管下的建筑工业化扩散模型,并通过仿真深入研究相关因素对扩散深度的影响作用,最后结合仿真结果给出相应对策建议。 相似文献