Local toolpath smoothing for five-axis machine tools

When five axis CNC machine tools follow series linear toolpath segments, the drives experience velocity, acceleration and jerk discontinuities at the block transition points. The discontinuities result in fluctuations on machine tool motions which lead to poor surface quality. This paper proposes to insert quintic and septic micro-splines for the tool tip and tool-orientation, respectively, at the adjacent linear toolpath segments. Optimal control points are calculated for position and orientation splines to achieve C³ continuity at the junctions while respecting user-defined tolerance limits. The geometrically smoothed corners are traveled at a smoothly varying feed with cubic acceleration trajectory profile. The proposed method is experimentally demonstrated to show improvements in motion smoothness and tracking accuracy in five-axis machining of free-form surfaces found in dies, molds and aerospace parts.     

Models for solar radiation prediction based on different measurement sites

The modeling of solar radiation for forecasting its availability is a key tool for managing photovoltaic (PV) plants and, hence, is of primary importance for energy production in a smart grid scenario. However, the variability of the weather phenomena is an unavoidable obstacle in the prediction of the energy produced by the solar radiation conversion. The use of the data collected in the past can be useful to capture the daily and seasonal variability, while measurement of the recent past can be exploited to provide a short term prediction. It is well known that a good measurement of the solar radiation requires not only a high class radiometer, but also a correct management of the instrument. In order to reduce the cost related to the management of the monitoring apparatus, a solution could be to evaluate the PV plant performance using data collected by public weather station installed near the plant. In this paper, two experiments are conducted. In the first, the plausibility of the short term prediction of the solar radiation, based on data collected in the near past on the same site is investigated. In the second experiment, the same prediction is operated using data collected by a public weather station located at ten kilometers from the solar plant. Several prediction techniques belonging from both computational intelligence and statistical fields have been challenged in this task. In particular, Support Vector Machine for Regression, Extreme Learning Machine and Autoregressive models have been used and compared with the persistence and the k-NN predictors. The prediction accuracy achieved in the two experimental conditions are then compared and the results are discussed.     

回转头技术在表面贴装设备中的应用

当今的回转头式贴装设备能够以相对低廉的价格 ,提供高速度和准确的贴装 ,以及先进的识别操作。     

Triple tangent flank milling of ruled surfaces

This paper presents a positioning strategy for flank milling ruled surfaces. It is a modification of a positioning method developed by Bedi et al. [Comput Aided Des 35 (2003) 293]. A cylindrical cutting tool is initially positioned tangential to the two boundary curves on a ruled surface. Optimization is used to move these tangential points to different curves on the ruled surface to reduce the error. A second optimization step is used to additionally make the tool tangent to a rule line, further reducing the error and resulting in a tool position, where the tool is positioned tangential to two guiding rails and one rule line. The resulting surface has 88% less under cutting than the method of Bedi et al.     

AHMED experiments on hygroscopic and inert aerosol behaviour in LWR containment conditions: experimental results

Hygroscopic NaOH, CsI, CsOH and inert Ag aerosol behaviour at different temperatures and relative humidities (RH) has been studied in a well instrumented and controlled vessel of 1.81 m³ total free volume. Homogeneous thermal-hydraulic conditions for aerosol measurement in the vessel were achieved. The aerosol number and mass concentration were measured continuously during the experiments using a Condensation Nucleus Counter and a Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance. The particle size distribution and chemical composition in the test conditions were measured by Berner low pressure impactors. In the case of NaOH the half life of the aerosol mass concentration was more than four times longer at low RH (22%) as compared to high RH (96%). The half lives of the CsOH and CsI aerosols were only twice as long at low RH as compared to high RH. Thus at high RH (96–97%) the half lives of CsOH and CsI were twice as long as the half life for the NaOH aerosol. The faster decay of the NaOH aerosol is due to the smaller density decrease of NaOH during water condensation. CsOH particles grew rapidly to their equilibrium size at all humidities. The measured equilibrium size for CsOH aerosol agree well with the calculated particle size at different RHs. Experimental results were also compared with calculations obtained by severe accident computer codes. These calculated results will be presented in a later paper.     

Experiments of Fast Learning with High Order Boltzmann Machines

This work reports the results obtained with the application of High Order Boltzmann Machines without hidden units to construct classifiers for some problems that represent different learning paradigms. The Boltzmann Machine weight updating algorithm remains the same even when some of the units can take values in a discrete set or in a continuous interval. The absence of hidden units and the restriction to classification problems allows for the estimation of the connection statistics, without the computational cost involved in the application of simulated annealing. In this setting, the learning process can be sped up several orders of magnitude with no appreciable loss of quality of the results obtained.     

国外工具磨床发展现状

本文综述了近睥来国外工具磨床技术的发展现状，介绍了由CNC技术带来的几种新的磨削方法，分析了当代工具磨床典型产品的技术水平。     

数控机床手轮进给故障的排故思路

在数控机床加工过程中,由于调整及慢速对刀的需要,通常需要频繁地使用手轮（即手摇脉冲发生器）来控制数控机床伺服轴的运动,因此,在数控机床的诸多故障中,手轮出现故障的次数较多,同时对该故障维修人员的维修水平要求也相对要高。本文以配备有FANuc 0i—mate-TD数控系统的cK0625数控车床为例,系统地介绍了数控机床手轮故障的诊断与分析方法。     

基于STEP-NC的数控系统体系结构的研究

分析了当前主流开放式数控系统的本构模型,建立了系统内部的信息流模型,根据非实时、弱实时和强实时区分信息流。综合考虑数控系统的功能模型、信息流模型,建立STEP-NC数控系统的层次模型为模型应用层、制造规划层和实时控制层。给出了基于PC和嵌入式系统分层架构的STEP-NC数控系统结构。     

基于最小二乘支持向量机的声波测距系统消噪处理

针对声波测距系统噪声复杂,淹没在噪声中的回波难以检测的问题,以机器统计学习理论为基础,采用最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)建立系统模型,实现了声波测距系统异常值的预测和噪声的消除,并与传统的时间序列分析方法建立的自回归滑动平均求和模型(ARIMA)的消噪效果进行了仿真对比。仿真结果表明,利用最小二乘支持向量机建立的模型预测精度高,能有效地抑制声波测距系统中的噪声。