基于UML的人力资源管理系统分析

论述了UML技术在现代软件开发过程中的特点和重要性。并以人力资源管理系统的构造为例，具体说明了UML在软件设计过程中的使用。     

Determination of flonicamid and its metabolites in bell pepper using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (Orbitrap)

The development and validation of a method to determine flonicamid and its metabolites as TFNA (4-trifluoromethylnicotinic acid), TFNG (N-(4-trifluoromethylnicotinoyl) glycine) and TFNA-AM (4-trifluoromethylnicotinamide) in bell pepper samples by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS) was performed. A fast and simple extraction procedure with acidified acetonitrile and salts (magnesium sulfate and sodium chloride) was used. The methodology was validated, checking for specificity, recovery, precision, limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs). The recoveries ranged from 84% to 98%, and precisions were lower than 17%. Finally, LODs ranged from 1 µg kg^–1 (flonicamid) to 6 µg kg^–1 (TFNA-AM), while LOQs ranged from 10 µg kg^–1 (flonicamid) to 30 µg kg^–1 (TFNA-AM). Bell pepper samples were analysed and concentrations up to 98 µg kg^–1 (flonicamid) were detected, although the sum of flonicamid and metabolites did not exceed the maximum residue limit (MRL) set by the European Union.     

高分辨质谱法快速筛查和定量分析改善胃肠道功能类保健食品中的22种非法添加化合物

建立一种超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法,快速筛查同时定量分析保健食品中22种非法添加化合物。该研究以市面上常见的改善胃肠道功能类保健食品（片剂和口服液基质）为研究对象,样品经甲醇涡旋振荡和超声提取;用Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18（2.1 mm×50 mm,1.8 μm）色谱柱分离,φ=0.1%甲酸水和甲醇梯度洗脱;质谱条件采用正离子扫描,Full MS/dd-MS2（一级全扫描/数据依赖的二级扫描）模式,以化合物的保留时间、一级母离子和自动触发采集的二级碎片离子信息建立数据库,进行高通量定性筛查,以一级母离子进行定量分析,22种化合物在6.5 min内得到有效分离,精确质量数偏差≤1.77×10-6。结果表明,各目标化合物在5 ~500 ng/mL的浓度范围内线性关系良好（r2>0.995）,定量限均为50 μg/kg,片剂回收率为82.11%~116.16%,口服液回收率为83.64%~117.21%。该方法操作简单快速,灵敏度高,结果准确,适用于片剂和口服液基质的改善胃肠道功能类保健食品中22种非法添加化合物的快速筛查和定量分析。     

UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap HRMS法结合特征裂解途径分析鉴定薄荷水提物中4种类群化学成分

采用超高效液相色谱-线性离子阱-串联静电轨道阱高分辨质谱(UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap HRMS)法对薄荷水提物中4种类群化学成分进行分析鉴定。选取Acquity UPLC~BEH C18色谱柱(2.1mm×100mm×1.7μm),以乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相,流速0.30mL/min,梯度洗脱分析。根据高分辨质谱提供的准分子离子峰和碎片离子信息,获取目标化合物的相对分子质量和结构信息,并结合保留时间、对照品分析、参考文献数据和ClogP值等相关信息,鉴定了85种化学成分,包括38种黄酮、16种酚酸、7种苯丙素和24种萜类。结果表明,采用UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap HRMS技术能够提高中药化学成分的分析效率,该方法可为合理开发薄荷的药用和食用价值奠定化学基础。     

超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱测定大鼠血清中神经递质及其在电离辐射脑损伤动物模型中的应用

建立了超高效液相色谱四极杆静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS)法快速分析大鼠血清中10种神经递质.以0.1％甲酸-乙腈为沉淀剂,采用蛋白沉淀法进行血清中蛋白质大分子的沉淀和目标分析物的高效萃取.建立目标分析物的精确质量数据库(质荷比、保留时间、同位素峰分布及特征碎片离子)和二级质谱库进行精...     

人力资源管理系统的设计与实现

从人力资源管理系统的发展和现状入手,明确的课题的研究意义;然后分析实现人力资源管理系统的技术基础;包括开发环境、开发方法.随后对系统需求进行分析,提出了利用结构化方法对系统进行分析,采用原型化开发和面向对象开发相结合,并展现了系统的总体结构设计、系统模块划分和各模块的主要功能、数据库的设计以及业务流程的设计;最后逐步描述了系统各部分的实现.详细说明了部分模块实现中的关键技术问题及解决方案.     

Docosahexaenoic Acid Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acid Is a Novel Activator of NRF2

Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are a new class of endogenous lipids with interesting physiological functions in mammals. Despite their structural diversity and links with nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) biosynthesis, FAHFAs are less explored as NRF2 activators. Herein, we examined for the first time the synthetic docosahexaenoic acid esters of 12-hydroxy stearic acid (12-DHAHSA) or oleic acid (12-DHAHOA) against NRF2 activation in cultured human hepatoma-derived cells (C3A). The effect of DHA-derived FAHFAs on lipid metabolism was explored by the nontargeted lipidomic analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Furthermore, their action on lipid droplet (LD) oxidation was investigated by the fluorescence imaging technique. The DHA-derived FAHFAs showed less cytotoxicity compared to their native fatty acids and activated the NRF2 in a dose-dependent pattern. Treatment of 12-DHAHOA with C3A cells upregulated the cellular triacylglycerol levels by 17-fold compared to the untreated group. Fluorescence imaging analysis also revealed the suppression of the degree of LDs oxidation upon treatment with 12-DHAHSA. Overall, these results suggest that DHA-derived FAHFAs as novel and potent activators of NRF2 with plausible antioxidant function.     

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in various types of tea

For the analysis of the 16 PAH (EFSA-PAH), which are classified as priority for different food groups by the Scientific Committee on Food (SCF) and the Joint FAO/WHO Experts Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) in tea, a sensitive analytical Fast-GC/HRMS method was used. The sample preparation included accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and the highly automated clean up steps, gel permeation chromatography and solid phase extraction. The analytical parameters, limit of detection (0.01–0.02 μg/kg) and limit of quantification (0.03–0.06 μg/kg), were determined. The repeatability (RSD, n = 3) of different PAH in fruit tea ranged from 0.1 to 11%. It was observed that the total contents of the 16 PAH in tea samples ranged from 14 to 2,662 μg/kg. The analysed tea samples showed an increasing presence of PAH in the following order: herbal and fruit tea (n = 7) < black tea (n = 11) < green tea (n = 11) < white tea (n = 3) < mate-tea (n = 8). The correlation coefficient (R) between BaP and the sum of the 16 EFSA-PAH was established considering the contamination amount in all the 40 tea samples analysed.     

Non-targeted high-resolution mass spectrometry study for evaluation of milk freshness

Milk freshness is an important parameter for both consumers' health and quality of milk-based products. Up to now there have been neither analytical methods nor specific parameters to uniquely define milk freshness from a complete and univocal chemical perspective. In this study, 8 molecules were selected and identified as responsible for milk aging, using a liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry approach followed by chemometric data elaboration. For model setup and marker selection, 30 high-quality pasteurized fresh milk samples were collected directly from the production site and analyzed immediately and after storage at 2 to 8°C for 7 d. The markers were then validated by challenging the model with a set of 10 milk samples, not previously analyzed. Our results demonstrated that the markers identified within this study can be successfully used for the correct classification of non-fresh milk samples, complementing and successfully enhancing parallel evaluations obtainable through sensory measures.     

2─异噁唑啉衍生物质谱中的M＋2或M＋3峰

在研究２－异唑啉衍生物的电子轰击（（ＥＩ）质谱时，发现在四极质谱仪上测试，其质谱图中不出现分子离子峰而产生非常特征的Ｍ十３峰，而在高分辨磁质谱仪上测试，则出现Ｍ＋２峰，同样没有分子离子峰，这种现象在一般有机化合物的质谱中是罕见的。在磁质谱仪上研究了样品汽化温度对［Ｍ＋２］峰的影响，并利用高分辨质谱数据研究其裂解机理。