黑龙江省高速公路ETC车道布设的研究

结合黑龙江省高速公路的ETC的实际需求,及车辆运行特性,对ETC专用收费车道的布设进行了研究,详细描述了ETC车道宽度、长度、及车速的设置。提出了ETC车道设备的配置和布设方案。并针对ETC系统使用中常见的问题给出了解决方法。     

The impact of false warnings on partial and full lane departure warnings effectiveness and acceptance in car driving

In the past, lane departure warnings (LDWs) were demonstrated to improve driving behaviours during lane departures but little is known about the effects of unreliable warnings. This experiment focused on the influence of false warnings alone or in combination with missed warnings and warning onset on assistance effectiveness and acceptance. Two assistance unreliability levels (33 and 17%) and two warning onsets (partial and full lane departure) were manipulated in order to investigate interaction. Results showed that assistance, regardless unreliability levels and warning onsets, improved driving behaviours during lane departure episodes and outside of these episodes by favouring better lane-keeping performances. Full lane departure and highly unreliable warnings, however, reduced assistance efficiency. Drivers’ assistance acceptance was better for the most reliable warnings and for the subsequent warnings. The data indicate that imperfect LDWs (false warnings or false and missed warnings) further improve driving behaviours compared to no assistance.

Practitioner Summary: This study revealed that imperfect lane departure warnings are able to significantly improve driving performances and that warning onset is a key element for assistance effectiveness and acceptance. The conclusion may be of particular interest for lane departure warning designers.     

基于优化Prewitt的高速夜间车道检测算法

针对夜间高速公路,提出识别车道标志线的新型检测算法.该算法采用改进的中值法滤波,基于光密度差的4方向模板对数Prewitt边缘检测预处理图像,得到二值化阈值T. ROI和左右车道线的确定大大减少运算量,结合车道线宽度去除伪车道,采用临时轨迹策略排除光线变化和前方车辆的干扰,最后得到完整清晰的车道线.实验证明该车道检测方法具有快速性、稳定性、准确性.     

高速公路入口车道收费与控制仿真软件的实现

该文介绍了一种高速公路入口车道收费与控制系统仿真软件。本系统可以模拟车道事件，便于在实验室中调试车道收费系统，提高了开发效率。该仿真系统的功能结构分为数据库、数据传输、系统外设、车型判别、仿真五个部分。按普通车、车队、特殊车、冲卡车四种情况采取四种不同的控制逻辑。     

Development of a lane departure monitoring and control system

The lane departure avoidance systems have been considered promising to assist human drivers in AVCS (Advanced Vehicle Control System). In this paper, a lane departure monitoring and control system is developed and evaluated in the hardware-in-the-loop simulations. This system consists of lane sensing, lane departure monitoring and active steering control subsystems. The road image is obtained based on a vision sensor and the lane parameters are estimated using image processing and Kalman Filter technique. The active steering controller for avoiding the lane departure is designed based on the lane departure metric. The proposed lane departure avoidance system is realized in a steering HILS (hardware-in-the-loop simulation) tool and its performance is evaluated with a driver in the loop.     

基于计算机视觉的车道标线与障碍物自动检测

车道标线与障碍物检测是智能车辆辅助驾驶系统的关键技术问题。论文提出了一种基于计算机视觉的车道和障碍物检测新方法。它根据摄影几何投影变换从图像内容重建出道路平面图,解决了图像中远方车道过于细小、难以检测的缺点,算法对虚线车道特别有效。文中对重建参数选择进行了分析比较,实验表明重建结果对参数变化具有很好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井巷工程PERT决策系统分析与设计

针对煤矿井巷与安装工程的特点,在详细分析各工序间的关系及分解各子系统任务的基础上,设计出煤矿井巷重点工程PERT决策系统。该系统实现了网络计划图的自动绘制、项目工期自动优化、工程项目进度自动监控等功能,可以大大提高工作效率,降低成本。     

爆炸冲击波在巷道内的传播规律

爆炸冲击波在巷道内的传播规律,一直是采矿科学中的重要课题。由巷道现场的测试结果可以看出:随着测点与爆源距离的增大,二次爆炸冲击波与首次波的压力比不断地增加,在一定情况下,其比值可大于1,同时二次波与一次波的峰值间隔在不断地缩小,波的正压力时间加长。小药量的实验结果在一定的程度上也较能真实地反映实际爆炸作业时的情况。     

In the eye of the beholder: A simulator study of the impact of Google Glass on driving performance

This study examined whether, and to what extent, driving is affected by reading text on Google Glass. Reading text requires a high level of visual resources and can interfere with safe driving. However, it is currently unclear if the impact of reading text on a head-mounted display, such as Google Glass (Glass), will differ from that found with more traditional head-down electronic devices, such as a dash-mounted smartphone. A total of 20 drivers (22–48 years) completed the Lane Change Test while driving undistracted and while reading text on Glass and on a smartphone. Measures of lateral vehicle control and event detection were examined along with subjective workload and secondary task performance. Results revealed that drivers’ lane keeping ability was significantly impaired by reading text on both Glass and the smartphone. When using Glass, drivers also failed to detect a greater number of lane change signs compared to when using the phone or driving undistracted. In terms of subjective workload, drivers rated reading on Glass as subjectively easier than on the smartphone, which may possibly encourage greater use of this device while driving. Overall, the results suggest that, despite Glass allowing drivers to better maintain their visual attention on the forward scene, drivers are still not able to effectively divide their cognitive attention across the Glass display and the road environment, resulting in impaired driving performance.     

基于动态感兴趣区域车道线分段拟合算法

提出实时视频中基于动态感兴趣区域及分段拟合的车道线的检测算法,动态调整感兴趣区域（ROI）,缩小处理空间。采用大津算法（OTSU）动态提取感兴趣区域灰度阈值,并将该值作为多梯度Sobel边缘检测中的灰度阈值以提高边缘检测精度,利用改进的并行快速细化算法骨架化边缘图像,利用基于广度优先最短路径算法去除毛刺,最后再将图像划分近景和远景区域。在不同区域,采用直线或者曲线分段拟合,提高拟合精度。模拟实验结果表明,背景不太复杂时,一帧图像处理时间约为15ms;而背景较复杂时,处理时间约为35ms,能满足实时性。