Comparison of activities in selective catalytic reduction of NOx by C3H8 over Co/MFI, Fe/MFI, and H/MFI zeolite catalysts

The Co/MFI(SiO₂/Al₂O₃ = 30) were prepared by a precipitation method with NaOCl in alkali solutions exhibited high activities to N₂ at 250 °C for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO_x. These catalysts showed two UV–vis bands at 700 and 400 nm, indicating the presence of octahedral Co(III) as well as tetrahedral Co(II). The high SCR activity over such Co(III, II)/MFI(30) seems to come from Co(III)---O moieties. The Co(II)MFI(30) catalysts prepared from Co(II)Cl₂ exhibited low SCR activities due to the presence of tetrahedral Co(II) ions in MFI. Less CO formation occurred over Co/MFI catalysts. The Fe/MFI(30) catalyst exhibited high activity due to the presence of some Fe---O species in MFI but more amount of CO were produced during SCR. H/MFI(30) catalyst exhibited a good SCR activity. However, more amount of carbonaceous deposits were produced on it. The correlation between acid concentration and SCR activity was discussed over H/MFIs.     

提高定制产品物料需求预测的准确性

提高定制产品物料需求预测准确性是提高企业竞争能力的必由之路。通过某公司提高定制产品物料需求预测准确性的具体项目实践，介绍了关于提高物料需求预测准确性的具体措施。通过建立一种能为各部门所共同接受的产品语言来加强各部门的信息交流，并减少从客户的实际需求到物料预测之间的中间环节来提高整个物料预测的准确性，并以实例验证其有效性。     

Dehydrogenation of Light Alkanes Over Rhenium Catalysts on Conventional and Mesoporous MFI Supports

Recently, Re/HZSM-5 (Si/Al = 15) was shown to be an efficient catalyst for ethane dehydrogenation and aromatization at 823 K and atmospheric pressure. In this reaction, the major initial products were benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX), but increasing amounts of ethene were produced with time on stream due to deactivation of the catalyst. We show that by use of rhenium impregnated MFI supports with very few or no acidic sites (Si/Al > 500), highly selective ethane dehydrogenation catalysts are obtained with ethene selectivities of 98%. By use of mesoporous MFI supports (Si/Al >500) the lifetime of the catalyst appears to be slightly improved compared to conventional MFI crystals. The beneficial effect of a mesoporous MFI support is convincingly demonstrated in propane dehydrogenation, where both conversion and selectivities on the mesoporous MFI (Si/Al > 500) impregnated with Re are significantly higher than on Re supported on a comparable conventional MFI support.     

ZrO2 和Al2O3支撑的MFI 型沸石分子筛膜:支撑体材料对膜性能的影响

采用水热合成法，以纯SiO2为源物质，在介孔Y2O3掺杂的ZrO2(YZ)及大孔α-Al2O3支撑体上制备出高质量的MFI型沸石分子筛膜，通过H2／n-C4H10气体混合物的渗透分离和p-xylene的蒸发研究了不同支撑体上MFI型沸石分子筛膜分离性能，在较低温度范围，YZ支撑的MFI型沸石分子筛膜中n-C4H10的渗透率比Al2O3支撑的膜高很多，最大n-C4H10与H2的分离率达到500，Al2O3支撑的膜中py-xylene的蒸发流量随时间下降很快，而YZ支撑的膜中的蒸发流量则变化缓慢，用XRD对膜的晶体结构进行分析，通过多种温度下热处理不同支撑体上的膜样品研究了其热稳定性与支持体材料的关系，YZ支撑的MFI型沸石分子筛膜的MFI结构在1000摄氏度后仍能保持，而Al2O3支撑的膜950摄氏度时已完全转变为石英相，研究结果表明，YZ支撑的MFI型沸石分子筛膜比Al2O3支撑的膜表现出更好的厌不性，热稳定性以及抗阻塞性。     

Activities of MFI-Supported Rhenium Catalysts for the Aromatization of Methane: Effect of Cationic Form of the Inorganic Carrier

MFI type inorganic carrier was used in two different cationic forms, hydrogen and calcium respectively. MFI-supported molybdenum and rhenium catalysts were prepared. The activities of the catalysts were compared for the aromatization reaction of methane. Higher activity values were attained with the catalysts supported on HZSM-5. Aromatics were also observed with the catalysts supported on CaZSM-5, despite their deficiency in acid sites. Highly dispersed rhenium is expected to be formed with the use of the inorganic carrier in calcium form. On the other hand, lower reaction rates were observed with rhenium supported on CaZSM-5, in spite of the improved dispersion of the active rhenium species on this catalyst. This was interpreted in terms of the critical role of the acid sites in the conversion of methane to aromatics, compared to the improved dispersion of the active metal.     

Mesoporous silica with short-range MFI structure

A new type of mesoporous silica has been prepared which showed 780 m²/g of BET surface area and 0.6 ml/g of primary mesopores narrowly distributed around 4.2 nm. More importantly however, is that it showed short-range zeolite crystallinity as demonstrated by FTIR and XRD analysis, and hydrophobicity as demonstrated by water and n-hexane adsorption.

This material was synthesized via a dual-template, three-step hydrothermal–flocculation–steaming synthesis procedure developed by us recently. Briefly, MFI nanoprecursors (NPs) were first prepared by a low-temperature hydrothermal step using TPAOH as template for zeolite structure, and then flocculated using a surfactant that served as the template for the mesopores. The collected NPs are mesoporous silica exhibiting short-range MFI domains when directly calcined. However, the steaming step promoted the crystallization of the NPs and created uniform mesopores. It was found that almost every detail in these procedures affected the properties of the final product. The most important variables, however, were identified as the duration the flocculants were kept in contact with the liquid phase, and the humidity under which the steaming was conducted. By properly adjusting the procedures, the said mesoporous silica, as well as nanocrystals having high external surface area, could be produced at will.     

基于Iceberg概念格的最大频繁项集挖掘

最大频繁项集挖掘算法存在扫描数据集次数多和候选集规模过大等局限。基于Iceberg概念格模型,提出一种在Iceberg概念格上挖掘最大频繁项集的算法ICMFIA。该算法通过一次扫描数据集构建Iceberg概念格,利用Iceberg概念格中频繁概念之间良好的覆盖关系能快速计算出最大频繁项集所对应的最大频繁概念,所有最大频繁概念的内涵就是所求的最大频繁项集的集合。实验结果表明,该算法具有扫描数据集次数少和挖掘效率高的优点。     

Role and importance of oxidized nitrogen oxide adspecies on the mechanism and dynamics of reaction over copper-based catalysts

The formation of nitrate and NO₂ adspecies over Cu/MFI and copper-on-alumina catalysts and their role in the mechanism of reaction is discussed on the basis of FT-IR results and catalytic tests in unsteady-state conditions. Three specific cases are discussed: (i) reduction of NO by propane/O₂ over Cu/MFI, (ii) conversion of NO by NH₃/O₂ over copper-on-alumina catalysts and (iii) oxygen-promoted reduction of NO in the absence of reductants over Cu/MFI. The formation of nitrate species leads to self-deactivation, but Cu²⁺-NO₂ like adspecies are suggested to be a key intermediate in the reduction of NO to N₂ in all three cases examined.     

轿车进气歧管成型工艺与成套注塑模具设计

以发动机进气歧管为例,在详细分析组成进气歧管的底壳和面盖结构、注塑成型材料及各塑件壁厚,运用MFI 2015分别对底壳和面盖最佳浇口位置进行了仿真分析。针对底壳和面盖质量不同、壁厚不同、成套生产而各个制品的壁厚必须均匀、有隔离凸台和众多加强筋等特点,确定本注塑模具采用三浇口+热流道+冷流道组成的混合式浇注系统方案;运用MFI对影响产品品质的充填时间、速度/压力切换时的压力、模流末端压力、流动前沿温度、锁模力、气穴、熔接线、缩痕等进行了详细分析与探讨;运用UG软件对模具型腔、型芯,底壳上方形管口A的成型,顶出与加强支承结构、模具整体等进行了分析设计。创造性地使用了由导柱导套+圆锥定位+方形块定位+楔紧镶块+厚薄调整垫组成的"五位一体"精度保证与保持系统,同时也使用了厚度调整垫,保证了型腔型芯的组合和开合模的精准。经生产证明:模具结构合理、动作可靠、产品成型完整、质量达到设计要求。     

Enhanced Catalytic Performance of Co/MFI by Hydrothermal Treatment

Hydrothermal treatment of Co/MFI catalysts at high temperature increases their performance for NO _x reduction with methane. As this treatment also shifts the TPR peak of isolated Co ions upward by 20 °C, the results suggest that the hydrothermal treatment induces transport of Co²⁺ ions from to positions.