Mechanical properties,corrosion resistance,and rubber pad forming of cold differential speed-rolled pure titanium for bipolar plates of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells

Due to problems such as pores on surface-treated coatings, the corrosion resistance of pure titanium bipolar plates for proton-exchange membrane fuel cells can be further improved by increasing the corrosion resistance of pure titanium by using differential speed-rolling (DSR); however, these materials have not yet reached the standard requirements of bipolar plates (corrosion current density i_corr＜10³ nA·cm^?2). In this work, the corrosion resistance of pure titanium was improved by optimizing the DSR process while the strength was maintained. The best corrosion resistance of the DSR pure titanium was achieved when the roller speed ratio was 2, while i_corr was 429 nA·cm^?2 in a solution of 0.5 M H₂SO₄ and 2 mg/L HF at room temperature. The formability of the DSR pure titanium for bipolar plates was verified. The optimal holding pressure range was 6.8–7.0 kN.     

Polishing of zirconia ceramics by chemically-induced micro-nano bubbles

This study introduces micro-nano bubbles (MNBs) in the process of polishing zirconia ceramics through sodium borohydride hydrolysis to assist in polishing yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ). Compared with conventional silica sol, the material removal rate using this MNB-assisted technology is increased by 261.4%, and a lower surface roughness of 1.28 nm can be obtained. Raman, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are used to study the structural changes and phase stability of the YSZ during different polishing periods. The results show that MNBs are the key factor promoting the transformation from the tetragonal phase to the monoclinic phase on the surface of the YSZ during polishing. The H₂O molecules (or OH^? ions) on the surface of the YSZ are driven by the thermal kinetic energy of the micro-jets formed by the collapse of micro-bubbles, and they permeate to occupy more oxygen vacancies in the crystal lattice. Atomic force microscopy and nano-indentation tests show that the micro-protrusions on the surface of the YSZ preferentially undergo phase transformation, and their hardness decreases. This promotes abrasives to preferentially remove rough spots on the surface and achieve more efficient polishing. We believe this work adds valuable insights regarding low-temperature degradation and ultra-precise machining of YSZ ceramic materials.     

CMP系统技术与市场

概述了CMP系统技术的发展历史、发展趋势以及在IC生产中的重要性,介绍了国外CMP设备主要制造厂家的设备型号和性能及CMP设备市场分布和需求,阐述了CMP系统技术的基础研究、关键技术和国内研究概况。     

镍层耐硝酸腐蚀性测试——一种简单的预先探测ENIG镍层“黑盘”现象的测试方法

随着更加精细的SMT、BGA等表面贴装技术的运用,化学沉镍金(ENIG)作为线路板最终表面处理得到了越来越广泛的应用,同时可怕的“黑盘”现象也随之更广泛地“流行”起来,直接导致贴装后元器件焊接点不规则接触不良。为了贯彻执行最好的流程控制和采取有效的预防措施,了解这种焊接失败的产生机理是非常重要的,及早的观测到可能发生“黑盘”现象的迹象变得同样关键。本文介绍了一种简单的预先探测ENIG镍层“黑盘”现象的测试方法-镍层耐硝酸腐蚀性测试,这种测试可以用于作为一种常规的测试方法监测一般化学沉镍溶液在有效使用寿命范围内新鲜沉积的镍层的质量。利用Weibull概率统计分析在不同的金属置换周期(MTO)下镍层的可靠性能表现。结合试验结果得出了一个镍层耐硝酸腐蚀性的判定标准。     

Investigation into polishing process of CVD diamond films

A new technique used for polishing chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond films has been investigated, by which rough polishing of the CVD diamond films can be achieved efficiently. A CVD diamond film is coated with a thin layer of electrically conductive material in advance, and then electro-discharge machining (EDM) is used to machine the coated surface. As a result, peaks on the surface of the diamond film are removed rapidly. During machining, graphitization of diamond enables the EDM process to continue. The single pulse discharge shows that the material of the coated layer evidently affects removal behavior of the CVD diamond films. Compared with the machining of ordinary metal materials, the process of EDM CVD diamond films possesses a quite different characteristic. The removal mechanism of the CVD diamond films is discussed.     

基于混沌映射密钥空间拓展的DES算法

提出一种基于混沌映射产生一种伪随机密钥流发生器，并结合shanon的“一次一密”思想，建立一种基于混沌映射的“分组密码密钥空间拓展”理论，很好地解决DES加密算法密钥空间小的问题，实现了一种混沌的DES变形密码算法。     

Pad effects on material-removal rate in chemical-mechanical planarization

The role of a porous pad in controlling material-removal rate (MRR) during the chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP) process has been studied numerically. The numerical results are used to develop a phenomenological model that correlates the forces on each individual abrasive particle to the applied nominal pressure. The model provides a physical explanation for the experimentally observed domains of pressure-dependent MRR, where the pad deformation controls the load sharing between active-abrasive particles and direct pad-wafer contact. The predicted correlations between MRR and slurry characteristics, i.e., particle size and concentration, are in agreement with experimentally measured trends reported by Ouma¹ and Izumitani.²     

SH/T3083-1997《石油化工钢储罐地基处理技术规范》的编制背景和内容简介

中国石油化工总公司批准发布的《石油化工钢储罐地基处理技术规范》自1998年3月1日起施行，本文作者作为主要编制工作负责人，在对该规范内容予以简要介绍的同时，对该规范的编制过程和特点进行了深入说明，以利其在石代储罐建设工程中发挥应有的效益。     

压裂预处理技术的现场实施与评价

通常，压裂目的层的储层特征、物性及生产史差异较大，为保证压裂施工成功并取得较好的压裂效果，进行油层预处理十分必要。介绍了酸预处理、前置液氮预处理、柴油十互溶剂混合液预处理3种技术，阐述了各种预处理方法的目的及适应性，介绍了各种预处理技术在现场取得的效果，提出了各种预处理技术的适用条件及常用做法。     

斜井前置液加砂技术现场应用

中原油田斜井(井斜20°)水力压裂过程中易产生多裂缝和存在严重弯曲摩阻,常出现早期脱砂现象。油、气井压裂后初期产量高,但递减快,稳产时间短(100d),累积产量少。针对这些问题研究了前置液加砂技术,现场应用结果表明,前置液中加入粉砂能有效控制压裂液滤失,降低储层伤害,实现裂缝深穿透,而且粉砂能支撑微裂缝,提高压裂效果;前置液加中砂能有效降低裂缝弯曲摩阻,提高施工成功率。应用该技术,中原油田斜井压裂成功率由初期的50%提高到95%以上,有效率88%,有效期延长了50d以上,应用效果显著。