基于夏比试验确定船用钢板断裂韧性

为了寻求材料的冲击韧性和断裂韧性之间的对应关系,根据已有的夏比V型缺口冲击试验数据,建立了冲击试验吸收能与试验温度和韧脆转变温度之间的曲线关系,提出了不同强度不同质量等级船用钢板厚度、使用温度和断裂韧性三者之间函数关系,并结合PSN曲线的思想,引入了可靠度的概念,实现了确定任意可靠度下不同板厚和使用温度所对应的钢板断裂韧性的方法,为含裂纹损伤结构的安全状态评估提供依据．     

Some Expressions for the Strain Energy in a Finite Volume Surrounding the Root of Blunt V-notches

The paper gives some closed form expressions for the strain energy averaged in a finite size volume surrounding the root of blunt V-shaped notches under Mode I loading. The control volume, reminiscent of Neuber’s concept of elementary structural volumes, is thought of as dependent on the ultimate tensile strength and the fracture toughness K_IC in the case of brittle or quasi-brittle materials subjected to static loads. Expressions for strain energy density under plane strain conditions and Mode I loading have been derived from an analytical frame recently reported in the literature, which matches Williams and Creager-Paris’ solutions in the particular cases of plates weakened by sharp V-notches or blunt cracks (U-notches), respectively. In order to validate a local-strain-energy based approach, a well-documented set of experimental data recently reported in this journal by Gómez and Elices has been used. Data refer to blunt and sharp V-specimens of PMMA subjected to static tension loads and characterised by a large variability of notch root radius (from 0 to 4.0 mm) and notch angle (from 0° to 150°). Critical loads obtained experimentally have been compared with the theoretical ones, estimated here by keeping constant the mean value of the strain energy in a well-defined small size volume.     

双材料直角坝踵特征值计算

从复势理论出发，推导出了双材料V形切口（直角坝踵）问题的特征方程，并用牛顿迭代法计算出了该问题的特征值。     

A unified brittle fracture criterion for structures with sharp V-notches under mixed mode loading

A unified brittle fracture criterion for cracks and V-notches under mixed mode loading is proposed by extending the maximum circumferential stress criterion and Novozhilov’s criterion. The mixed mode fracture toughness and crack orientation of PMMA plates with a sharp V-notch are predicted by the proposed criterion. Tests were also carried out in order to investigate the mixed mode fracture of the PMMA plates. The fracture criterion is validated by comparison to experimental results.     

A failure criterion for brittle elastic materials under mixed-mode loading

The failure criterion of Leguillon at reentrant corners in brittle elastic materials (Leguillon 2002, Eur J Mech A/Solids 21: 61–72; Leguillon et al. (2003), Eur J Mech A—Solids 22(4): 509–524) validated in (Yosibash et al. 2004, Int J Fract 125(3–4): 307–333) for mode I loading is being extended to mixed mode loading and is being validated by experimental observations. We present an explicit derivation of all quantities involved in the computation of the failure criterion. The failure criterion is validated by predicting the critical load and crack initiation angle of specimens under mixed mode loading and comparison to experimental observations on PMMA (polymer) and Macor (ceramic) V-notched specimens.     

Property of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for an interface V-notch in antiplane elasticity

The so-called pseudo-orthogonal property of the eigenfunction expansion form is proved to be valid for the case of an antiplane interface V-notch and the corresponding path-independent integral is derived. The relation between the path-independent integral and the stress intensity factor of the notch is found. The influence of loads on the related integral is also presented.     

夏比V型缺口冲击吸收能量测试失准原因的探讨

针对夏比V型缺口冲击吸收能量的实际测量值明显偏高的情况,调查了夏比冲击试验测试值失准的原因,具体分析了加工方法、加工设备和测量方法对夏比V型缺口冲击试样尺寸及测量精度的影响,以及如何避免冲击吸收能量测试值失准的措施及建议。     

Accurate measurement of fracture toughness in structural ceramics

The measured values of fracture toughness for ceramics are closely correlated with the sharpness of notch tips, which in turn influences the accurate measurement of fracture toughness. Here, typical structural ceramics, i.e., 3 mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (3Y-TZP), ZrB₂, ZrB₂-SiC and ZrB₂-SiC-Grapite, were used for the measurement of fracture toughness, and the effect of notch tip radius on the fracture toughness values of these typical structural ceramics was investigated. Ultra-sharp notches with a tip radius less than 1 μm can be fabricated by laser, lower than the critical notch tip radius in ceramics below which the fracture toughness value almost remains constant, and improved accuracy and consistency of fracture toughness measurement can be obtained by this method compared with traditional method.     

Singularity analysis for 2D and 3D thermoelastic media containing V-notches

The stress field and heat flux singularities at the vertex of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) V-notches are, respectively, investigated. By introducing typical terms in the series asymptotic expansions of displacement and temperature fields near the notch tip, the thermoelastic governing equations and radial boundary conditions of a V-notched structure are transformed into characteristic ordinary differential equations with respect to the singular order. These equations can be solved by the interpolating matrix method developed earlier by part of the authors. The singular orders related to the stress field and heat flux can be derived simultaneously and can be specified by the corresponding characteristic angular functions in the present method. The singularities are compared between 2D and 3D thermoelastic specimen containing V-notches. It is found that one singular order will be discarded if a 3D medium is simplified into a 2D one.