土石坝工程领域的若干创新与发展

我国高土石坝数量居世界之首,保证高坝大库建设与长期运行安全是国家经济和公共安全保障的重大需求。系统总结了长江科学院近年来在土石坝工程领域的若干创新与发展。提出了基于“旁压模量当量密度法”的粗粒料级配相似理论试验方法;介绍了研发的系列CT三轴仪,实现了粗粒料组构要素的定量测量;提出了三轴试验中加载板与试样之间由滑动摩擦变为滚动摩擦、整体式接触变为分散式接触的减摩新方法,研发了相关减摩装置;研制了大尺寸、高压力、微摩擦、刚柔复合加载的土工真三轴仪;揭示了粗粒料真实三维应力条件下的强度与变形变化规律、湿化与蠕变变形特性;构建了粗粒料三参量非线性K-K-G剪胀模型、六参数湿化模型、九参数蠕变数学模型及相应的参数确定方法;基于当量密度法的原创思想,提出了利用旁压试验间接确定超百米级深厚覆盖层现场密度的试验方法。上述研究成果可为高土石坝工程建设提供重要科技支撑。     

Map Reduce inspired loop mapping for coarse-grained reconfigurable architecture

Our work investigates how to map loops efficiently onto Coarse-Grained Reconfigurable Architecture （CGRA）. This paper examines the properties of CGRA and builds MapReduce inspired models for the loop parallelization problem. The proposed model has a more detailed performance metric and a more flexible unrolling scheme that can unroll different loop levels with different factors. A Geometric Programming based approach is proposed to resolve the optimization problem of loop parallelization problem. The proposed approach can find the optimal unrolling factor for each level loop, resulting in better parallelization of loops. Experimental results show that the proposed approach achieved up to 44% performance gain compared to the state-of-the-art loop mapping scheme.     

Implementation of AVS Jizhun decoder with HW/SW partitioning on a coarse-grained reconfigurable multimedia system

In this paper,a TPP(Task-based Parallelization and Pipelining)scheme is proposed to implement AVS(Audio Video coding Standard)video decoding algorithm on REMUS(REconfigurable MUltimedia System),which is a coarse-grained reconfigurable multimedia system.An AVS decoder has been implemented with the consideration of HW/SW optimized partitioning.Several parallel techniques,such as MB(Macro-Block)-based parallel and block-based parallel techniques,and several pipeline techniques,such as MB level pipeline and block level pipeline techniques are adopted by hardware implementation,for performance improvement of the AVS decoder.Also,most computation-intensive tasks in AVS video standards,such as MC(Motion Compensation),IP(Intra Prediction),IDCT(Inverse Discrete Cosine Transform),REC(REConstruct)and DF(Deblocking Filter),are performed in the two RPUs(Reconfigurable Processing Units),which are the major computing engines of REMUS.Owing to the proposed scheme,the decoder introduced here can support AVS JP(Jizhun Profile)1920×1088@39fps streams when exploiting a 200 MHz working frequency.     

多层石墨烯的粗粒化分子动力学模型与力学性能

为了有效研究多层石墨烯等石墨烯集合体的力学性能,避免由于实验难度大、全原子计算成本高等带来的困难,基于Tersoff势函数提出一种可用于计算大规模石墨烯的粗粒化分子动力学方法。该方法计算时只需输入原子坐标,大大减少了模型的数据处理,提高了计算效率。通过与全原子模型计算结果比较,本文提出的粗粒化分子动力学方法可以准确预测多层石墨烯的拉伸破坏性能,对制备高性能石墨烯纤维有一定的指导意义。     

基于简化系统依赖图的静态粗粒度切片方法

基于系统依赖图是计算面向对象程序切片的一个有效方法.但是,系统依赖图的缺点是太复杂,而且在建立系统依赖图的过程中容易出错,一旦出现错误就可能导致切片结果的不准确.通过对系统依赖图进行简化,得到了简化的系统依赖图.它省略了那些表示输入参数和输出参数的结点和概括边.同时,还定义了一种面向对象程序的粗粒度切片概念,讨论了它的性质,分析了它与细粒度切片的关系,并基于简化的系统依赖图计算面向对象程序的粗粒度切片.最后还讨论了切片技术的简单实现.     

对象级粗粒度切片方法

基于面向对象程序的对象间语义级关系,提出了一种对象级粗粒度切片方法,用于解决以往传统程序切片构造过程复杂,切片结构庞大,可理解性不强等问题.该方法并非基于传统的程序依赖图或系统依赖图,而是建立在对象间的关联、组合等语义级关系的基础之上.依据对象间语义级关系构造程序的对象图,在对象图的基础上获取程序的前向对象级粗粒度切片和后向对象级粗粒度切片,并结合了对象间的组合关系使得所得后向对象级粗粒度切片更加精简.     

粗粒度并行遗传算法性能分析

依据实验来分析影响并行遗传算法性能的因素得到的结论缺乏理论上的说服力．通过对粗粒度并行遗传算法加速比公式的分析，提出了影响并行遗传算法性能的关键因素，同时否定了以迁移率作为评价并行遗传算法性能指标的合理性，并通过实难进一步验证结论的正确性．得到的结论为提高遗传算法的并行化效率提供了可靠的依据。     

Maximum dry density test to quantify pumice content in natural soils

Crushable volcanic soils are well-known for their distinctive texture, vesicular nature and grain fragility. These features of volcanic soils lead to difficulty in interpreting the results of laboratory and field testing because of the occurrence of particle crushing. Sands containing pumice particles are commonly found in the Hamilton Basin in the North Island of New Zealand. The pumice particles originated from a series of volcanic eruptions centered in the Taupo and Rotorua regions. As a result of flooding and erosion along the Waikato River, the pumice particles have become mixed with other materials and have been distributed over the Hamilton Basin; these mixtures are referred to herein as natural pumiceous (NP) sands. This paper initially investigates an appropriate technique for measuring the maximum dry density (MDD) of NP sands; then a modified MDD test is proposed for estimating the pumice contents of these sands. In order to examine the applicability of different standard methods for determining MDD, New Zealand and Japanese standards are employed. The results using the Japanese standard show consistent MDD values when repeating the tests due to negligible particle crushing. On the other hand, the results of MDD tests according to the New Zealand standard indicate that a significant amount of particle crushing occurs after each repeated test and, consequently, it is not possible to get the same result when the test is repeated. NP sands reach their ultimate potential breakage during the modified MDD tests (at least, for the level of loading applied) and they experience different levels of particle crushing which may be a function of their pumice content. As a way forward, the relative breakages of the materials tested are used to estimate the pumice contents of the NP sands.     

Development and Applications of Coarse-Grained Models for RNA

In contrast to proteins, much less attention has been focused on the development of computational models for describing RNA molecules, which are being recognized as playing key roles in many cellular functions. Current atomically detailed force fields are not accurate enough to capture the properties of even simple nucleic acid constructs. In this article, we review our efforts to develop coarse-grained (CG) models that capture the underlying physics for the particular length scale of interest. Two models are discussed. One of them is the three interaction site (TIS) model, in which each nucleotide is represented by three beads corresponding to sugar, phosphate, and base. The other is the self-organized polymer (SOP) model, in which each nucleotide is represented as a single interaction center. Applications of the TIS model to study the complexity of hairpin formation and the effects of crowding in a shifting equilibrium between two conformations in human telomerase pseudoknot are described. The work on crowding illustrates a direct link to the activity of telomerase. We use the SOP model to describe the response of the Tetrahymena ribozyme to force. The simulated unfolding pathways agree well with single molecule pulling experiments. We also review predictions for the unfolding pathways for the Azoarcus ribozyme. The success of the CG applications to describe dynamics in RNA gives hope that more complex processes involving RNA-protein interactions can be tackled using variants of the proposed models.     

Analysis on SH-CCT curves of HD15Ni1MnMoNbCu steel for nuclear power station

The microstructural evolution and Vickers hardness measurement in the welding heat-affected zone (HAZ) of HD15Ni1MnMoNbCu steel for nuclear power station were investigated by Gleeble-3180 thermal mechanical simulator, and the simulated HAZ continuous cooling transformation curves (SH-CCT) were measured simultaneously. With t_8/5 increasing from 3.75 s to 15 000 s, the product was obtained martensite, bainite, ferrite and pearlite, successively. The result of microstructure and Vickers hardness in the heat-affected zone was in good agreement with those measured by SH-CCT diagram with the heat input 16.2 kJ/cm as an example to weld the HD15Ni1MnMoNbCu steel pipe using TIG/SMAW/SAW welding methods.